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Neurology:暴击!新研究揭示:站起来会头晕的人,患痴呆症风险更大

2020-08-14 生物探索 生物探索

生活中,很多人可能都有这样的经历,长时间平躺或蹲坐后,突然站起来时会感到视线模糊、头晕目眩。实际上,这是一种被称为体位性低血压(OHYPO)的症状,也被叫做“直立性虚脱”,发生

生活中,很多人可能都有这样的经历,长时间平躺或蹲坐后,突然站起来时会感到视线模糊、头晕目眩。实际上,这是一种被称为体位性低血压(OHYPO)的症状,也被叫做“直立性虚脱”,发生在我们的大脑供血跟不上身体“节奏”(从坐卧到站立)的时刻。

最近,美国加州大学以及法国巴黎笛卡尔大学的研究人员发表在《Neurology》的一篇研究报告提出,经常出现这种症状就得当心了,因为这暗示着人们有更高的痴呆症风险,并且与普通人相比,那些由于体位变化而导致收缩压(血压读数中的第一个或最高数字)急剧变化的人群,患痴呆症的风险增加了近40%。

https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000010420

痴呆症,是指慢性获得性进行性智能障碍综合征,临床上以缓慢出现的智能减退为主要特征,并伴有不同程度的人格改变。收缩压是当心脏收缩时,从心室射入的血液对血管壁产生的侧压力,当发生体位性低血压时,收缩压可迅速下降20mmHg。一般而言,痴呆症与高血压(收缩压在140mmHg以上)密切相关,但是这项新研究则表明,不仅是高血压,低血压可能也是导致痴呆症的重要“推手”。

这项前瞻性研究始于1997年,共有2,131名平均年龄为73岁且没有痴呆症的人入选,其中53.3%受试者为女性。在5年的基线期内,研究人员对这些参与者的立位血压进行了反复评估,并额外测量了他们的收缩压和舒张压。随后的12年里,研究人员通过痴呆药物的使用及相关住院记录对参与者患痴呆症的情况进行了评估。

参与者基本情况

总体而言,462人(占22%)最终患有痴呆症。在192位出现收缩性直立性低血压的参与者中,有50人(26%)发展为痴呆,而在1939位无此症状的参与者中,有412名为痴呆。在调整后的Cox比例风险模型中,收缩性体位性低血压与老年痴呆风险增加37%有关。

患有和不伴有收缩期OHYPO的老年人12年以上的突发性痴呆风险

在进一步分析中,研究人员根据参与者从坐姿到站姿的收缩压读数变化将其分为三组。收缩压读数波动最大的一组,有24%的参与者患上了痴呆症,而波动最小的一组,19%的人患上了痴呆症。在调整其他影响痴呆风险的因素后,收缩压读数波动最高组比最低组患痴呆症的可能性要高出35%。

这并不是首个关于体位性低血压与痴呆症风险的研究。2018年7月,约翰霍普金斯大学的研究人员在《Neurology》发表的一项涉及11,709名平均年龄为54岁的参与者的研究报告就提出,与普通人相比,体位性低血压的人患痴呆症的风险要高54%,缺血性中风风险要高两倍。

这项新报告的第一作者、加州大学旧金山分校法医学博士Laure Rouch说:“应该监测人们从坐着到站着时的血压,并且控制这些血压下降可能是一种有希望的痴呆症预防方法,帮助人们在岁月的淘洗下保持思维能力和记忆力。”

总之,这项研究揭示了血压读数与痴呆症发展之间的关联,不过,关于二者之间的因果关系以及具体的痴呆症类别,仍需在进一步实验中进行探讨。

原始出处:

Laure Rouch, Jean-Sébastien Vidal, Tina Hoang, et.al. Systolic blood pressure postural changes variability is associated with greater dementia risk. Neurology July 20, 2020

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    2020-11-10 yinhl1978
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    2020-08-16 sjzlzc007
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    2020-08-14 junJUN

    老年人痴呆何药可用??

    0

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一项新的研究发现,当有阿尔茨海默症(AD)家族史的年轻人出现记忆衰退时,这可能是严重问题的早期征兆。 为了更好地掌握AD家族史对未来风险的影响,研究者对近60000名18至85岁的男女进行了一项在线单词记忆测试。首先展示12组两个词,之后,只随机显示一个单词,每个受试者被要求回忆起缺失的单词。这个过程重复三次。近5000名有家族史的参与者也提供了血液或唾液样本,测量样本中与AD风险相关的

Neurology:高精度血浆β-淀粉样蛋白42/40预测脑淀粉样变性准确率为94%

以淀粉样蛋白PET或者脑脊液(CSF)标本中p-tau181/Aβ42为参照标准,研究高精度检测血浆β-淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)42/Aβ40法能否对脑淀粉样变性进行准确诊断。采用免疫沉淀法和液相色谱-质谱法,对158名认知正常人血浆和脑脊液标本中的Aβ42/Aβ40 进行检测,且进行了淀粉样蛋白PET扫描。血浆Aβ42/Aβ40 与淀粉样PET状态(受试者工作特征曲线下面积[AUC]0.88,95%置

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