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JAMA Neurol:关于自发性低颅压的临床表现和治疗特点的全新证据

2021-01-18 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

自发性颅内低压(SIH)定义了一种临床症状,其特征是继发于自发性脊髓脑脊液(CSF)漏和/或CSF低血压的虚弱性体位性头痛。

自发性颅内低压(SIH)定义了一种临床症状,其特征是继发于自发性脊髓脑脊液(CSF)漏和/或CSF低血压的虚弱性体位性头痛。根据国际头痛疾病分类(ICHD)第三版,当头痛自发发生并与脑脊液漏(影像学上明显)和/或脑脊液低血压(腰椎穿刺口压力<60 mm CSF)有关时可诊断为SIH。

自发性颅内低压是一种高度误诊和诊断不足的疾病。数据表明SIH并不少见,每年每10万人中有5例发生,是蛛网膜下腔出血发病率的一半。尽管缺乏关于SIH对患者生活质量影响的客观证据,这种情况下典型的直立性头痛使SIH衰弱,影响患者在最活跃的时间。SIH的确切发病机制尚不清楚,这种知识的缺乏导致了一系列的误解。此外,SIH的ICHD诊断标准在过去几十年中发生了重大变化,并提出了替代诊断标准,这些因素都可能导致目前对如何可靠诊断SIH和有效治疗这些患者存在不确定性。

有研究总结了关于SIH的临床表现、诊断调查和治疗结果的现有证据。包括:(1)SIH的体征和症状是什么,发生频率如何?(2)脑磁共振成像(MRI)、脊柱成像、腰椎穿刺开孔压对SIH征象的敏感性如何?(3)检测脑脊液漏最敏感的脊髓成像技术是什么?(4) SIH患者保守治疗和硬膜外血补片(EBP)的结果如何?(5)在SIH中最有效的EBP技术是什么?(非靶向vs靶向,小体积vs大体积)。研究结果发表在JAMA Neurol杂志上。

临床表现、调查结果和治疗结果的数据由多位观察人员收集和总结。采用随机效应荟萃分析来计算均数和比例的混合估计。预先确定的主要结局是SIH症状、影像学表现(脑和脊柱影像学)和治疗结果(保守、硬膜外血补片和手术)的综合估计比例。

在6878篇文章中,144篇符合选择标准,平均每篇报道53例SIH患者(范围10-568例)。最常见的症状是直立性头痛(92% [95% CI, 87%-96%])、恶心(54% [95% CI, 46%-62%])和颈部疼痛/僵硬(43% [95% CI, 32%-53%])。脑磁共振成像是最敏感的调查,73%的患者发现弥漫性厚脑膜增强(95% CI, 67%-80%)。19% (95% CI, 13%-24%)患者的脑磁共振成像结果正常。脊髓神经影像学检查发现48%至76%的患者有硬膜外脑脊液。数字减影脊髓造影和硬膜内钆磁共振脊髓造影在确定确切的泄漏部位方面具有高灵敏度。腰椎穿刺开口压力低、正常(60- 200mm H2O)、高分别为67% (95% CI, 54%-80%)32% (95% CI, 20%-44%)和3% (95% CI, 1%-6%)。28% (95% CI, 18%-37%)的患者采用保守治疗有效,64% (95% CI, 56%-72%)的患者采用单次硬膜外血贴治疗成功。大型硬膜外血补片(&gt;20 mL)的成功率优于小型硬膜外血补片分别为77% [95% CI, 63% ~ 91%]和66% [95% CI, 55% ~ 77%]。

自发性低颅压的体征和症状

自发性低颅压的脑磁共振成像(MRI)表现

脊髓成像结果

总之,本系统回顾和荟萃分析总结了144篇文献的临床表现、调查结果和治疗结果。无直立性头痛、影像学表现正常或腰椎穿刺口压力正常不应排除SIH的诊断。单次EBP成功率为64%。虽然这项荟萃分析表明,与小EBP相比,大EBP在更高比例的患者中取得成功,但这需要进一步验证。需要进行大型随机临床试验来确定SIH的最佳治疗方法。

参考文献:D’Antona L, Jaime Merchan MA, Vassiliou A, et al. Clinical Presentation, Investigation Findings, and Treatment Outcomes of Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension SyndromeA Systematic Review and Meta-analysisJAMA Neurol. Published online January 04, 2021. doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.4799

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    2021-11-08 yinhl1978
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    2021-04-05 榆木头

    学习了

    0

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    2021-01-20 sodoo
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2026138, encodeId=e24020261383f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7cc6860e93b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#自发性低颅压#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86079, encryptionId=7cc6860e93b, topicName=自发性低颅压)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8f14236, createdName=经常头晕, createdTime=Sat Jun 05 06:43:52 CST 2021, time=2021-06-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2001207, encodeId=0c9a200120e81, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d5df12695e6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Neurol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12695, encryptionId=d5df12695e6, topicName=Neurol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8217292, createdName=yinhl1978, createdTime=Mon Nov 08 15:43:52 CST 2021, time=2021-11-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=954015, encodeId=67eb95401578, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Oxuf53TkXyPZluQ96R5ibNEZyqhN5lshfQcibAv5icoLc3vyXnE87RpXhuyfNzapjYmsjOic2vkH4MVeiaAKjiaFHP3g/0, createdBy=34af2203595, createdName=榆木头, createdTime=Mon Apr 05 20:27:50 CST 2021, time=2021-04-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1530626, encodeId=96761530626a8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ed4a860e872' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#自发性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86078, encryptionId=ed4a860e872, topicName=自发性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=584a12117168, createdName=sodoo, createdTime=Wed Jan 20 12:43:52 CST 2021, time=2021-01-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=918058, encodeId=ab1191805858, content=首次接触, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=d3071824237, createdName=ms7531403859640847, createdTime=Tue Jan 19 14:46:59 CST 2021, time=2021-01-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1036404, encodeId=ed9c10364041c, content=顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=旺医, createdTime=Tue Jan 19 00:43:52 CST 2021, time=2021-01-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=917903, encodeId=9ec991e90379, content=自发性颅内低压(SIH)定义了一种临床症状,其特征是继发于自发性脊髓脑脊液(CSF)漏和/或CSF低血压的虚弱性体位性头痛。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=109, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM4gCIdSaEkahCNuUWZv4iaKmqvUKHyKnBiarBM9RStQKBeV5Lh6GYYFiamdV5KlSfbLvmAgZTLtq81XA/0, createdBy=13511650672, createdName=言西早, createdTime=Mon Jan 18 22:56:01 CST 2021, time=2021-01-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=917884, encodeId=083691e88484, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=131, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200627/83a502bff6c14b759a7d0863b4068e7b/32ad40676056418ea58a94afac9c5b81.jpg, createdBy=6f475314305, createdName=水-晶, createdTime=Mon Jan 18 22:11:19 CST 2021, time=2021-01-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-01-19 ms7531403859640847

    首次接触

    0

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    2021-01-19 旺医

    顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息

    0

  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2026138, encodeId=e24020261383f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7cc6860e93b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#自发性低颅压#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86079, encryptionId=7cc6860e93b, topicName=自发性低颅压)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8f14236, createdName=经常头晕, createdTime=Sat Jun 05 06:43:52 CST 2021, time=2021-06-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2001207, encodeId=0c9a200120e81, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d5df12695e6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Neurol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12695, encryptionId=d5df12695e6, topicName=Neurol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8217292, createdName=yinhl1978, createdTime=Mon Nov 08 15:43:52 CST 2021, time=2021-11-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=954015, encodeId=67eb95401578, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Oxuf53TkXyPZluQ96R5ibNEZyqhN5lshfQcibAv5icoLc3vyXnE87RpXhuyfNzapjYmsjOic2vkH4MVeiaAKjiaFHP3g/0, createdBy=34af2203595, createdName=榆木头, createdTime=Mon Apr 05 20:27:50 CST 2021, time=2021-04-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1530626, encodeId=96761530626a8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ed4a860e872' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#自发性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86078, encryptionId=ed4a860e872, topicName=自发性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=584a12117168, createdName=sodoo, createdTime=Wed Jan 20 12:43:52 CST 2021, time=2021-01-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=918058, encodeId=ab1191805858, content=首次接触, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=d3071824237, createdName=ms7531403859640847, createdTime=Tue Jan 19 14:46:59 CST 2021, time=2021-01-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1036404, encodeId=ed9c10364041c, content=顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=旺医, createdTime=Tue Jan 19 00:43:52 CST 2021, time=2021-01-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=917903, encodeId=9ec991e90379, content=自发性颅内低压(SIH)定义了一种临床症状,其特征是继发于自发性脊髓脑脊液(CSF)漏和/或CSF低血压的虚弱性体位性头痛。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=109, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM4gCIdSaEkahCNuUWZv4iaKmqvUKHyKnBiarBM9RStQKBeV5Lh6GYYFiamdV5KlSfbLvmAgZTLtq81XA/0, createdBy=13511650672, createdName=言西早, createdTime=Mon Jan 18 22:56:01 CST 2021, time=2021-01-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=917884, encodeId=083691e88484, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=131, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200627/83a502bff6c14b759a7d0863b4068e7b/32ad40676056418ea58a94afac9c5b81.jpg, createdBy=6f475314305, createdName=水-晶, createdTime=Mon Jan 18 22:11:19 CST 2021, time=2021-01-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-01-18 言西早

    自发性颅内低压(SIH)定义了一种临床症状,其特征是继发于自发性脊髓脑脊液(CSF)漏和/或CSF低血压的虚弱性体位性头痛。

    0

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    2021-01-18 水-晶

    学习了

    0

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