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JAMA速递| 2020年新冠大流行美国高死亡率的多篇点评

2020-10-21 星云 MedSci原创

JAMA发表的两篇最新报道提供了美国与新冠病毒(COVID-19)大流行相关的死亡率的最新估计。

JAMA发表的两篇最新报道提供了美国与新冠病毒(COVID-19)大流行相关的死亡率的最新估计。

第一篇

Woolf及其同事更新了他们对2020年3月1日至8月1日与COVID-19及其他原因相关的“超额”死亡人数的分析,“在这5个月内,美国共有1336561人死亡,与预期死亡人数相比,估计增加了20%,提示额外死亡了225530人”。约 67%的额外死亡病例可直接归因于COVID-19,而归因于其他原因的额外死亡也通常与大流行有关。

更重要的是,Woolf等人预测,毫不夸张的说,2020年一整年,可能将有40多万额外死亡发生,因为虽然某些原因的死亡(如车祸)可能减少,但其他某些原因的死亡会增加(如心肌梗死)。这些死亡真实反映了人们为2020年新冠大流行的付出的代价。这些死亡人数远远超过了美国因某些武装冲突(如朝鲜战争和越南战争)而死亡的人数,也超过了2009年HINI(猪流感)大流行导致的死亡人数,逼近第二次世界大战的死亡人数。

第二篇

Bilinski和Emanuel将美国与人口超过500万的经济合作与发展组织国家进行了对比,发现“自新冠大流行开始以来,在新冠中等死亡率(n=8; 5-25/10万人)或高死亡率(n=7;>25/10万人)国家中,美国排名第三,每10万人中有71.6人死亡”。

Bilinski和Emanuel也提到,截止2020年9月,美国经历了COVID-19相关的高死亡率和过高的全因死亡率。在初春出现的高峰之后,美国因COVID-19和各种原因引起的死亡率仍然高于其他高COVID-19死亡率的国家。

此外,还有3篇评论和一位JAMA编辑对与新冠大流行相关的精神健康、财务和差异问题进行了点评。

Simon及其同事表示,“至关重要的是,对于每一例死亡,估计有9名家庭成员会受到影响,如长期悲伤或创伤后应激障碍”。简而言之,大约350万人可能会出现主要的精神健康需求。而且,这还不包括医院和疗养院中成千上万的见证了大量与COVID-19相关的死亡病例的医护人员。

Cooper和Williams评论了美国以及美国医疗保健系统中存在的顽固、且看似难以解决的内在差异,呼吁恢复公平正义。不幸的是,这个问题并不是新问题,而是COVID-19大流行再次凸显并进一步加剧了这个有色人种之间固有的健康、社会和经济差距问题。

Cutler和Summers表示,“COVID-19大流行是自1929年大萧条以来美国面临的最大的繁荣威胁。经估计,大流行的总财务成本(经济产出损失和健康相关损失)为16万亿美元,约占美国年度国内生产总值 (GDP)的90%。估算的COVID-19造成的经济损失是一个惊人的数字,但在很大程度上是可以避免的,在未来几年内还可能会发生反弹。”

JAMA编辑Fineberg强调了上述等人的观点的关键思想,并强调了与COVID-19相关的过多死亡的数据的真实性。同时,Fineberg还强调了“强烈的、持久的、多管齐下的和一致的回应是当下必需的要求,是国家的当务之急。”

原始出处:

Howard Bauchner, Phil B. Fontanarosa. Excess Deaths and the Great Pandemic of 2020. JAMA. 2020;324(15):1504-1505. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.20016

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    2021-02-17 ms8000000839225845

    学习了!

    0

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    2020-10-22 ms9000002053426765

    国家公信力不足

    0

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    2020-10-21 公卫新人

    新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失

    0

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    2020-10-21 旺医

    顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息

    0

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    2020-10-21 神盾医疗局局长Jack

    美国衰退

    0

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