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专家“支招”食物过敏:改变烹饪方式

2020-08-15 新华网 新华网

对某种食物过敏却又不得不吃,这可如何是好?专家表示,改变加工方式能够降低一些食物的致敏性,这给食物过敏人群带来福音。

对某种食物过敏却又不得不吃,这可如何是好?专家表示,改变加工方式能够降低一些食物的致敏性,这给食物过敏人群带来福音。

“不同加工方式对食物致敏性的影响差别很大。”在近日举行的第十四届协和过敏性疾病国际高峰论坛上,中国农业大学食品科学与营养工程学院车会莲副教授说,食物加工方式分为热加工和非热加工两大类。总的来看,蒸、煮等湿热处理方式能够使得过敏食物的致敏性大大降低,高压锅的处理效果更好,发酵食品的致敏性也较低;相反,微波加热会增加食物的致敏性。

干热(如烤)、湿热(如蒸、煮)、高温高压、微波等处理方式都是传统的热加工方式,它们是如何改变食物的致敏性?车会莲介绍,热加工能够通过改变蛋白质分子内、分子间的相互作用,破坏食物中过敏原蛋白质的二级结构或三级结构,影响其构象表位,从而改变其致敏性。

同属热加工,干热处理和湿热处理改变食物致敏性的效果却不太一样。车会莲说,干热处理通过脱水干燥使蛋白质氧化、变性、碳化,而湿热处理更易于传递热量,与水的直接接触也使保持蛋白质稳定性的氢键更易被破坏,因而湿热处理是降低食物致敏性的一个好办法。

她举例说,关于核桃的干热和湿热处理的致敏性比较研究发现,干热处理,如烤核桃,对核桃蛋白的IgE结合能力、IgG结合能力都没有显着影响,而湿热处理,如蒸、煮,则显着降低了核桃蛋白的IgE结合能力和IgG结合能力。“也就是说,有些人吃烤核桃会过敏,但是喝核桃露时就不会过敏。相对来说,湿热处理能够显着降低核桃蛋白的致敏性。”

专家介绍,食物过敏可出现皮肤、胃肠道、呼吸道症状甚至危及生命的窒息和休克症状。目前,食物过敏尚无有效的根治方法,预防发病主要依靠避免食用致敏食物。

“绝大部分食物过敏原都是蛋白质,很多食物中都含有多种过敏原,这就给食物加工、降低或去除食物致敏性带来了很多挑战。”车会莲说,因此,降低或去除食物致敏性的研究要关注食物中的每一种过敏原。

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    2020-08-16 yhy100201
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    2020-08-16 1581f8c42cm

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1774982, encodeId=59ed1e749823a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=17135e073b5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#支招#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=57073, encryptionId=17135e073b5, topicName=支招)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c21738724507, createdName=psybestwish, createdTime=Tue Sep 15 15:56:28 CST 2020, time=2020-09-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1647168, encodeId=ab7c164e16851, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=02286e2683e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#烹饪#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67268, encryptionId=02286e2683e, topicName=烹饪)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b9e923392426, createdName=gao_jian4225, createdTime=Tue Dec 22 03:56:28 CST 2020, time=2020-12-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1416889, encodeId=1fe6141688921, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=27c710101804' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#食物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=101018, encryptionId=27c710101804, topicName=食物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=e3a33221853, createdName=yhy100201, createdTime=Sun Aug 16 21:56:28 CST 2020, time=2020-08-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=809288, encodeId=8c6580928830, content=好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=104, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200814/81d08245657a4a7f9a1ef713c0ec5878/ec4b201a22194a319b1aeb171bc6bb3d.jpg, createdBy=41e02111625, createdName=1581f8c42cm, createdTime=Sun Aug 16 00:08:15 CST 2020, time=2020-08-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=809139, encodeId=65ef8091394a, content=赞, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200803/bf55cfcb09b74a0cbf751a980fe04576/e4480eaa47ab42da91303dd1c72e723e.jpg, createdBy=89fd5188713, createdName=莉莉安 C., createdTime=Sat Aug 15 11:20:18 CST 2020, time=2020-08-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=809094, encodeId=6dad8090946b, content=哈哈哈哈还好哈哈哈, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=98, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/g?b=oidb&k=LFRRP6YqrAia0BryFmv6ibnA&s=100&t=1555426989, createdBy=79c45230339, createdName=刘晓捷, createdTime=Sat Aug 15 08:49:42 CST 2020, time=2020-08-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=809092, encodeId=d8bf8090928b, content=!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=110, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200805/a14c9c8b027046a1b3a263f182d42664/c4b82ab61125400992fb682f418efc37.jpg, createdBy=838b2442862, createdName=lac, createdTime=Sat Aug 15 08:39:14 CST 2020, time=2020-08-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-08-15 莉莉安 C.

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1774982, encodeId=59ed1e749823a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=17135e073b5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#支招#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=57073, encryptionId=17135e073b5, topicName=支招)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c21738724507, createdName=psybestwish, createdTime=Tue Sep 15 15:56:28 CST 2020, time=2020-09-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1647168, encodeId=ab7c164e16851, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=02286e2683e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#烹饪#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67268, encryptionId=02286e2683e, topicName=烹饪)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b9e923392426, createdName=gao_jian4225, createdTime=Tue Dec 22 03:56:28 CST 2020, time=2020-12-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1416889, encodeId=1fe6141688921, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=27c710101804' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#食物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=101018, encryptionId=27c710101804, topicName=食物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=e3a33221853, createdName=yhy100201, createdTime=Sun Aug 16 21:56:28 CST 2020, time=2020-08-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=809288, encodeId=8c6580928830, content=好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=104, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200814/81d08245657a4a7f9a1ef713c0ec5878/ec4b201a22194a319b1aeb171bc6bb3d.jpg, createdBy=41e02111625, createdName=1581f8c42cm, createdTime=Sun Aug 16 00:08:15 CST 2020, time=2020-08-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=809139, encodeId=65ef8091394a, content=赞, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200803/bf55cfcb09b74a0cbf751a980fe04576/e4480eaa47ab42da91303dd1c72e723e.jpg, createdBy=89fd5188713, createdName=莉莉安 C., createdTime=Sat Aug 15 11:20:18 CST 2020, time=2020-08-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=809094, encodeId=6dad8090946b, content=哈哈哈哈还好哈哈哈, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=98, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/g?b=oidb&k=LFRRP6YqrAia0BryFmv6ibnA&s=100&t=1555426989, createdBy=79c45230339, createdName=刘晓捷, createdTime=Sat Aug 15 08:49:42 CST 2020, time=2020-08-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=809092, encodeId=d8bf8090928b, content=!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=110, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200805/a14c9c8b027046a1b3a263f182d42664/c4b82ab61125400992fb682f418efc37.jpg, createdBy=838b2442862, createdName=lac, createdTime=Sat Aug 15 08:39:14 CST 2020, time=2020-08-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-08-15 刘晓捷

    哈哈哈哈还好哈哈哈

    0

  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1774982, encodeId=59ed1e749823a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=17135e073b5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#支招#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=57073, encryptionId=17135e073b5, topicName=支招)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c21738724507, createdName=psybestwish, createdTime=Tue Sep 15 15:56:28 CST 2020, time=2020-09-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1647168, encodeId=ab7c164e16851, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=02286e2683e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#烹饪#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67268, encryptionId=02286e2683e, topicName=烹饪)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b9e923392426, createdName=gao_jian4225, createdTime=Tue Dec 22 03:56:28 CST 2020, time=2020-12-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1416889, encodeId=1fe6141688921, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=27c710101804' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#食物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=101018, encryptionId=27c710101804, topicName=食物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=e3a33221853, createdName=yhy100201, createdTime=Sun Aug 16 21:56:28 CST 2020, time=2020-08-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=809288, encodeId=8c6580928830, content=好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=104, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200814/81d08245657a4a7f9a1ef713c0ec5878/ec4b201a22194a319b1aeb171bc6bb3d.jpg, createdBy=41e02111625, createdName=1581f8c42cm, createdTime=Sun Aug 16 00:08:15 CST 2020, time=2020-08-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=809139, encodeId=65ef8091394a, content=赞, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200803/bf55cfcb09b74a0cbf751a980fe04576/e4480eaa47ab42da91303dd1c72e723e.jpg, createdBy=89fd5188713, createdName=莉莉安 C., createdTime=Sat Aug 15 11:20:18 CST 2020, time=2020-08-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=809094, encodeId=6dad8090946b, content=哈哈哈哈还好哈哈哈, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=98, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/g?b=oidb&k=LFRRP6YqrAia0BryFmv6ibnA&s=100&t=1555426989, createdBy=79c45230339, createdName=刘晓捷, createdTime=Sat Aug 15 08:49:42 CST 2020, time=2020-08-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=809092, encodeId=d8bf8090928b, content=!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=110, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200805/a14c9c8b027046a1b3a263f182d42664/c4b82ab61125400992fb682f418efc37.jpg, createdBy=838b2442862, createdName=lac, createdTime=Sat Aug 15 08:39:14 CST 2020, time=2020-08-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-08-15 lac

    0

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