FDA授予GSK药物tafenoquine突破性疗法认定

葛兰素史克（GSK）与非营利组织“抗疟药品事业会”（Medicines for Malaria Venture，MMV）12月20日联合宣布，FDA已授予他非诺喹（tafenoquine）突破性疗法认定，tafenoquine是一种实验性药物，正开发用于间日疟（Plasmodium vivax malaria）的治疗和预防复发。目前，tafenoquine尚未获任何监管批准。

间日疟（P.vivax malaria）是一种被忽视热带病（neglected tropical disease，NTD），同时也是导致无并发症疟疾（uncomplicated malaria）的主要病因。间日疟对公共健康和经济有显著影响，主要是在南亚、东南亚、拉丁美洲和非洲，在这些地区，估计每年有7000万-3.9亿临床病例发生。

FDA授予tafenoquine突破性疗法认定，是基于在超过300例无并发症间日疟患者中开展的一项国际性、多中心、随机II期临床试验的结果。该项研究的数据已提交至2013年11月举行的热带医学和卫生会议，并发表于2013年12月的《柳叶刀》（Lancet）。

GSK计划于2014年启动一项III期研究。

关于Tafenoquine：

tafenoquine是一种实验性9-氨基喹啉衍生物，具有抗间日疟（P.vivax）生命周期的活性，包括位于肝脏中的休眠形式的间日疟原虫。沃尔特·里德陆军研究所（Walter Reed Army Institute of Research）的科学家于1978年首次发现tafenoquine，该药目前正由GSK正与MMV联合开发。（生物谷Bioon.com）

英文原文：GSK and MMV announce FDA Breakthrough Therapy designation for tafenoquine for Plasmodium vivax malaria

GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) and Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV) announced today that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted Breakthrough Therapy designation for tafenoquine, an investigational medicine for the treatment and relapse prevention of Plasmodium vivax malaria.  Tafenoquine is not yet approved or licensed for use anywhere in the world. Breakthrough Therapy designation is the newest of the FDA’s programmes aimed at accelerating the development and review times of drugs for serious or life-threatening conditions.

P. vivax malaria is a neglected tropical disease and a major cause of uncomplicated malaria. It has a significant public health and economic impact primarily in South and South East Asia, Latin America and the horn of Africa, where the majority of the estimated 70-390 million annual clinical cases occur. The P. vivax parasite causes relapses from a dormant liver form established immediately after an infected mosquito bite. This dormant form leads to the reappearance of clinical malaria anywhere between a few weeks and several months after the initial infection. There is a need to provide alternative treatments to manage P. vivax relapse with shorter treatment regimens.

The Breakthrough Therapy designation was granted based on the results from an international, multicentre, randomised Phase II clinical trial in more than 300 patients with uncomplicated P. vivax malaria. Headline results from this trial were presented at the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Meeting in November 2013, and detailed results published in The Lancet in December 2013. Plans are underway to start a Phase III study in 2014.

About Breakthrough Therapy Designation

The Breakthrough Therapy designation was enacted as part of the 2012 FDA Safety and Innovation Act (FDASIA). The goal is to expedite the development and regulatory review of designated drugs to treat serious or life-threatening medical conditions when the drug may have substantial improvement over available therapies. Breakthrough Therapy designation includes all the features of the Fast Track designation, as well as more intensive guidance from the FDA on a drug’s clinical development programme.

About Tafenoquine

Tafenoquine is an investigational 8-aminoquinoline derivative with activity against the P. vivax lifecycle, including the form that lies dormant in the liver causing relapse of infection weeks to months following the initial mosquito bite. Tafenoquine was first discovered by scientists at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research in 1978 and is being developed in collaboration between GSK and MMV. Tafenoquine is being administered as a single dose during clinical trials in patients with P. vivax malaria.

Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV)

MMV is a leading product development partnership (PDP) in the field of antimalarial drug research and development working towards the vision of a malaria-free world. Its mission is to reduce the burden of malaria in disease-endemic countries by discovering, developing and facilitating delivery of new, effective and affordable antimalarial drugs. Since its foundation in 1999, MMV has developed and brought to registration four new medicines with partners from over 300 pharmaceutical, academic and endemic-country partners in 50 countries. With its partners MMV manages the largest portfolio of antimalarial R&D projects ever assembled, encompassing over 65 projects.

MMV is grateful to its donors, including the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the governments of Australia, Ireland, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States of America, as well as the Wellcome Trust, the ExxonMobil Foundation and Newcrest Mining Ltd, whose support make this vital work possible.