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美国癌症死亡率下降26%!重要的原因竟是……

2018-03-29 刘云丽 慢病管理网

今年年初,美国癌症学会(ACS)发布了关于2018癌症统计的年度报告,发病率和死亡率均下降了,其中,最让人感到惊讶的是一个数据:26%。这个数据是怎么回事呢?原来,据这份年度报告显示,美国癌症总体死亡率相比2017年又下降了1.7%。也就是说,自1991年来,美国癌症死亡率已经下降了26%。可能26%这个数据还不是很直观,按照人数来算的话,这相当于近240万人逃过了癌症死亡的魔爪。报告指出,癌症死

今年年初,美国癌症学会(ACS)发布了关于2018癌症统计的年度报告,发病率和死亡率均下降了,其中,最让人感到惊讶的是一个数据:26%。

这个数据是怎么回事呢?

原来,据这份年度报告显示,美国癌症总体死亡率相比2017年又下降了1.7%。也就是说,自1991年来,美国癌症死亡率已经下降了26%。

可能26%这个数据还不是很直观,按照人数来算的话,这相当于近240万人逃过了癌症死亡的魔爪。

报告指出,癌症死亡率的持续下降主要归功于吸烟的减少和癌症早期筛查治疗的进步。

ACS首席医学官OtisW.Brawley博士说:“香烟使用的下降,被认为是癌症死亡率下降的最重要因素。但烟草仍然是当今癌症死亡的主要原因,造成近30%的癌症死亡。”

吸烟可致十几种癌症

香烟经过燃烧可产生数千种化合物,其中,苯类、亚硝胺类等至少60种成分已证实会导致癌症。这些“致癌物质”对细胞内的DNA造成伤害,增加基因突变机会,进而使细胞癌化,还会使体内自由基增加,使 DNA 受到更多伤害,从而会导致鼻咽癌、肺癌、口腔癌、肝癌、胰腺癌、肾癌、大肠癌、乳腺癌卵巢癌、膀胱癌、子宫颈癌以及血癌等十几种癌症。数据显示,吸烟者罹患癌症的几率比不吸烟者高20倍。

二手烟同样不能幸免

二手烟的危害其实比抽烟还大。香烟点燃后若没有人吸它,则燃烧较不完全,形成的烟雾称为“侧流烟”,其中所含的致癌物质是吸吐香烟时所产生的“主流烟”数倍至数百倍。二手烟包含主流烟及侧流烟,其毒性可想而知。

不吸烟者若长期暴露于二手烟中,罹患各种癌症的概率同样很高。美国癌症学会认为,二手烟并没有安全的暴露剂量,因此,还是应该尽可能避免。

中国控烟,刻不容缓

在减少烟草方面,近年来,美国控烟的成绩卓着。美国成人吸烟率已经降到了15%,其中男性为16.7%,女性为13.6%。《2017年度美国癌症数据调查报告》指出,通过控烟,从1990年到2014年,美国男性肺癌死亡率下降了43%。美国用事实证明了,减少烟草对降低癌症死亡率做出的惊人贡献。

在中国,吸烟人数高的惊人,有3.16亿的烟民。据中国疾病预防控制中心发布的《2015年中国成人烟草调查报告》数据显示,我国吸烟人群相较于2010年增加1500万,吸烟率为27.7%,其中女性吸烟率为2.7%,男性吸烟率则高达52.1%。青少年吸烟率为6.9%,尝试吸烟率为19.9%。

《健康中国2030规划纲要》中明确提出:到2030年,15岁以上人群吸烟率降低到20%。想要实现这个目标,控烟,刻不容缓。

目前,虽然北京、上海、深圳、杭州等很多城市已经出台了地方性控烟条例,明确限制公共场所以及室内吸烟,也收到了一定的成效。但从整体上还讲,情况仍旧不乐观,急需加快全国控烟立法,尽快在全国实施《公共场所控制吸烟条例》。另外,在烟盒上加图形警示、提高烟草税、开设正规的戒烟门诊、培养专业的戒烟队伍、加强健康教育等等,都是成功控烟必不可少的方式和手段,需要我们继续努力。控烟路漫漫,任重而道远!

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    2018-03-30 1e16d8a5m40(暂无匿称)

    学习啦

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2045351, encodeId=dcb62045351a4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7e4de13990f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌症死亡#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71399, encryptionId=7e4de13990f, topicName=癌症死亡)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6f7770, createdName=jeanqiuqiu, createdTime=Mon Aug 27 13:53:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1473567, encodeId=272e14e356710, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0e3be140052' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌症死亡率#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=92, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71400, encryptionId=0e3be140052, topicName=癌症死亡率)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=eba97230640, createdName=wenjie, createdTime=Sat Mar 31 13:53:00 CST 2018, time=2018-03-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=301109, encodeId=649330110913, content=学习啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=1, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211120/0a343dd652314c849f92187e706a0203/030af22773fe40d69835eedc02230010.jpg, createdBy=0a471975170, createdName=1e16d8a5m40(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Mar 30 07:39:57 CST 2018, time=2018-03-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=301053, encodeId=2c3a301053d8, content=不错耶.学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3b2c1627329, createdName=owlhealth, createdTime=Fri Mar 30 06:39:50 CST 2018, time=2018-03-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=300975, encodeId=28303009e503, content=学习了很有用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib3IzoRn621JdKCFUI4XvNELcibocrAVU6aUzEVDSaf3rYH08PUYUiagGqxAEhj8g9WqqNvD1CupIpCrmnR2OrqHZh/0, createdBy=7f181365728, createdName=飛歌, createdTime=Fri Mar 30 00:11:14 CST 2018, time=2018-03-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=300961, encodeId=cdc330096195, content=^_^^_^^_^, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Swp2ehfHpiciczeTntUyQOlIGMzQ705ic67sdMTVMbwTv7KbmlUvxrGvRSvQZjPkz7ib5tEDfIaORgczPtmHDpwojg/0, createdBy=c54b2163125, createdName=wqkm, createdTime=Thu Mar 29 23:10:47 CST 2018, time=2018-03-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=300952, encodeId=26d3300952bb, content=今年年初.美国癌症学会(ACS)发布了关于2018癌症统计的年度报告.发病率和死亡率均下降了.其中.最让人感到惊讶的是一个数据:26%., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=99, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7cJ6ejWUr2nIia8qOvAKNdLHr32Df6G8iaoaOx6pHaoiacwp26DaslxZHCGbibZhhCGven4rvmWP60GahtzgFjgCjR/0, createdBy=6b111703011, createdName=有备才能无患, createdTime=Thu Mar 29 23:02:45 CST 2018, time=2018-03-29, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-03-30 owlhealth

    不错耶.学习了

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2045351, encodeId=dcb62045351a4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7e4de13990f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌症死亡#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71399, encryptionId=7e4de13990f, topicName=癌症死亡)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6f7770, createdName=jeanqiuqiu, createdTime=Mon Aug 27 13:53:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1473567, encodeId=272e14e356710, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0e3be140052' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌症死亡率#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=92, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71400, encryptionId=0e3be140052, topicName=癌症死亡率)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=eba97230640, createdName=wenjie, createdTime=Sat Mar 31 13:53:00 CST 2018, time=2018-03-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=301109, encodeId=649330110913, content=学习啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=1, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211120/0a343dd652314c849f92187e706a0203/030af22773fe40d69835eedc02230010.jpg, createdBy=0a471975170, createdName=1e16d8a5m40(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Mar 30 07:39:57 CST 2018, time=2018-03-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=301053, encodeId=2c3a301053d8, content=不错耶.学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3b2c1627329, createdName=owlhealth, createdTime=Fri Mar 30 06:39:50 CST 2018, time=2018-03-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=300975, encodeId=28303009e503, content=学习了很有用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib3IzoRn621JdKCFUI4XvNELcibocrAVU6aUzEVDSaf3rYH08PUYUiagGqxAEhj8g9WqqNvD1CupIpCrmnR2OrqHZh/0, createdBy=7f181365728, createdName=飛歌, createdTime=Fri Mar 30 00:11:14 CST 2018, time=2018-03-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=300961, encodeId=cdc330096195, content=^_^^_^^_^, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Swp2ehfHpiciczeTntUyQOlIGMzQ705ic67sdMTVMbwTv7KbmlUvxrGvRSvQZjPkz7ib5tEDfIaORgczPtmHDpwojg/0, createdBy=c54b2163125, createdName=wqkm, createdTime=Thu Mar 29 23:10:47 CST 2018, time=2018-03-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=300952, encodeId=26d3300952bb, content=今年年初.美国癌症学会(ACS)发布了关于2018癌症统计的年度报告.发病率和死亡率均下降了.其中.最让人感到惊讶的是一个数据:26%., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=99, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7cJ6ejWUr2nIia8qOvAKNdLHr32Df6G8iaoaOx6pHaoiacwp26DaslxZHCGbibZhhCGven4rvmWP60GahtzgFjgCjR/0, createdBy=6b111703011, createdName=有备才能无患, createdTime=Thu Mar 29 23:02:45 CST 2018, time=2018-03-29, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-03-30 飛歌

    学习了很有用

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2045351, encodeId=dcb62045351a4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7e4de13990f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌症死亡#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71399, encryptionId=7e4de13990f, topicName=癌症死亡)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6f7770, createdName=jeanqiuqiu, createdTime=Mon Aug 27 13:53:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1473567, encodeId=272e14e356710, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0e3be140052' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌症死亡率#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=92, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71400, encryptionId=0e3be140052, topicName=癌症死亡率)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=eba97230640, createdName=wenjie, createdTime=Sat Mar 31 13:53:00 CST 2018, time=2018-03-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=301109, encodeId=649330110913, content=学习啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=1, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211120/0a343dd652314c849f92187e706a0203/030af22773fe40d69835eedc02230010.jpg, createdBy=0a471975170, createdName=1e16d8a5m40(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Mar 30 07:39:57 CST 2018, time=2018-03-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=301053, encodeId=2c3a301053d8, content=不错耶.学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3b2c1627329, createdName=owlhealth, createdTime=Fri Mar 30 06:39:50 CST 2018, time=2018-03-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=300975, encodeId=28303009e503, content=学习了很有用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib3IzoRn621JdKCFUI4XvNELcibocrAVU6aUzEVDSaf3rYH08PUYUiagGqxAEhj8g9WqqNvD1CupIpCrmnR2OrqHZh/0, createdBy=7f181365728, createdName=飛歌, createdTime=Fri Mar 30 00:11:14 CST 2018, time=2018-03-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=300961, encodeId=cdc330096195, content=^_^^_^^_^, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Swp2ehfHpiciczeTntUyQOlIGMzQ705ic67sdMTVMbwTv7KbmlUvxrGvRSvQZjPkz7ib5tEDfIaORgczPtmHDpwojg/0, createdBy=c54b2163125, createdName=wqkm, createdTime=Thu Mar 29 23:10:47 CST 2018, time=2018-03-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=300952, encodeId=26d3300952bb, content=今年年初.美国癌症学会(ACS)发布了关于2018癌症统计的年度报告.发病率和死亡率均下降了.其中.最让人感到惊讶的是一个数据:26%., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=99, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7cJ6ejWUr2nIia8qOvAKNdLHr32Df6G8iaoaOx6pHaoiacwp26DaslxZHCGbibZhhCGven4rvmWP60GahtzgFjgCjR/0, createdBy=6b111703011, createdName=有备才能无患, createdTime=Thu Mar 29 23:02:45 CST 2018, time=2018-03-29, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-03-29 wqkm

    ^_^^_^^_^

    0

  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2045351, encodeId=dcb62045351a4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7e4de13990f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌症死亡#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71399, encryptionId=7e4de13990f, topicName=癌症死亡)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6f7770, createdName=jeanqiuqiu, createdTime=Mon Aug 27 13:53:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1473567, encodeId=272e14e356710, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0e3be140052' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌症死亡率#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=92, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71400, encryptionId=0e3be140052, topicName=癌症死亡率)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=eba97230640, createdName=wenjie, createdTime=Sat Mar 31 13:53:00 CST 2018, time=2018-03-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=301109, encodeId=649330110913, content=学习啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=1, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211120/0a343dd652314c849f92187e706a0203/030af22773fe40d69835eedc02230010.jpg, createdBy=0a471975170, createdName=1e16d8a5m40(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Mar 30 07:39:57 CST 2018, time=2018-03-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=301053, encodeId=2c3a301053d8, content=不错耶.学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3b2c1627329, createdName=owlhealth, createdTime=Fri Mar 30 06:39:50 CST 2018, time=2018-03-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=300975, encodeId=28303009e503, content=学习了很有用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib3IzoRn621JdKCFUI4XvNELcibocrAVU6aUzEVDSaf3rYH08PUYUiagGqxAEhj8g9WqqNvD1CupIpCrmnR2OrqHZh/0, createdBy=7f181365728, createdName=飛歌, createdTime=Fri Mar 30 00:11:14 CST 2018, time=2018-03-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=300961, encodeId=cdc330096195, content=^_^^_^^_^, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Swp2ehfHpiciczeTntUyQOlIGMzQ705ic67sdMTVMbwTv7KbmlUvxrGvRSvQZjPkz7ib5tEDfIaORgczPtmHDpwojg/0, createdBy=c54b2163125, createdName=wqkm, createdTime=Thu Mar 29 23:10:47 CST 2018, time=2018-03-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=300952, encodeId=26d3300952bb, content=今年年初.美国癌症学会(ACS)发布了关于2018癌症统计的年度报告.发病率和死亡率均下降了.其中.最让人感到惊讶的是一个数据:26%., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=99, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7cJ6ejWUr2nIia8qOvAKNdLHr32Df6G8iaoaOx6pHaoiacwp26DaslxZHCGbibZhhCGven4rvmWP60GahtzgFjgCjR/0, createdBy=6b111703011, createdName=有备才能无患, createdTime=Thu Mar 29 23:02:45 CST 2018, time=2018-03-29, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-03-29 有备才能无患

    今年年初.美国癌症学会(ACS)发布了关于2018癌症统计的年度报告.发病率和死亡率均下降了.其中.最让人感到惊讶的是一个数据:26%.

    0

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