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盘点:近期1型糖尿病相关研究进展

2016-11-07 MedSci MedSci原创

目前我国已成为全球糖尿病患者人数最多的国家。据最新数据显示,中国糖尿病患者人数已达1.14亿,约占全球糖尿病人总数的三分之一;长期以来全球科学家们一直在努力研究糖尿病的发病机理及原因。本文梅斯医学小编整理了近期具有突破性的糖尿病研究,与大家分享学习,希望能带来帮助。【1】Diabetes Care:FABP4可能是1型糖尿病女性患者先兆子痫新的预测指标近日,糖尿病领域权威杂志《Diabetes

目前我国已成为全球糖尿病患者人数最多的国家。据最新数据显示,中国糖尿病患者人数已达1.14亿,约占全球糖尿病人总数的三分之一;长期以来全球科学家们一直在努力研究糖尿病的发病机理及原因。本文梅斯医学小编整理了近期具有突破性的糖尿病研究,与大家分享学习,希望能带来帮助。

【1】Diabetes Care:FABP4可能是1型糖尿病女性患者先兆子痫新的预测指标

近日,糖尿病领域权威杂志《Diabetes Care》发表研究文章,旨在探讨FABP4与1型糖尿病女性患者先兆子痫风险的关系

研究者测量了来自糖尿病和先兆子痫的干预试验(DAPIT)的710例参与者妊娠早期和中期(中位孕周数分别为妊娠14周和妊娠26周)血清中FABP4水平。

研究者发现发生先兆子痫的孕妇在妊娠早期(15.8ng/mL [11.6-21.4ng/mL] vs. 12.7ng/mL [9.6-17ng/mL];P<0.001)和中期(18.8ng/mL[13.6-25.8ng/mL] vs.14.6ng/mL [10.8–19.7ng/mL];P<0.001)FABP4显著升高。妊娠中期FABP4升高的水平与子痫前期独立相关(比值比为2.87,95%可信区间为1.24–6.68,P=0.03)。

由此可见,妊娠中期FABP4水平的增加可以独立地预测先兆子痫。FABP4可作为1型糖尿病女性患者先兆子痫预测的一种新生物标志物。(文章详见--Diabetes Care:FABP4可能是1型糖尿病女性患者先兆子痫新的预测指标

【2】Ann Intern Med:无功能性肾上腺肿瘤患者更容易患糖尿病

良性肾上腺肿瘤通常是通过腹部影像学检查发现的。而且,大多数良性肾上腺肿瘤属于无功能性肿瘤,通常认为对患者健康不会构成风险。但是有些肿瘤具有分泌激素的功能,可增加代谢和心血管疾病的风险。近日,内科学权威杂志《Annals of Internal Medicine》发表了一篇研究文章,旨在评估无功能性肾上腺肿瘤与心血管事件的风险增加的关系。

在这项前瞻性队列研究中,研究者纳入了166例良性无功能性肾上腺肿瘤参与者和740例没有肾上腺肿瘤的对照者,至少随访3年。在腹部成像检查时收集参与者的病历,评估结局事件(高血压,糖尿病前期或糖尿病、高脂血症、心血管事件和慢性肾脏病)(平均7.7年)的发生情况。使用调整后的广义线性模型评估无功能性肾上腺肿瘤和事件结局之间的独立关联情况。其次分析评估无功能性肾上腺肿瘤与皮质醇之间的关系。

无功能性肾上腺肿瘤患者比那些没有肾上腺肿瘤的正常对照者患糖尿病的风险更高。这些结果提示重新评估良性肾上腺肿瘤的分类,是“无功能”还是“有功能”,充分反映了肿瘤所具有的激素的分泌功能和代谢风险。(文章详见--Ann Intern Med:无功能性肾上腺肿瘤患者更容易患糖尿病

【3】J Intern Med:他汀药物能够抵消2型糖尿病患者的胰岛素相关癌症风险

根据本月21号在线发表在国际学术期刊Journal of Internal Medicine上的一项最新研究,2型糖尿病患者服用他汀药物能够抵消胰岛素相关癌症风险。

在这项研究中,来自奥地利维也纳医科大学的Alexandra Kautzky-Willer和她的同事们对奥地利人群中2型糖尿病治疗,他汀药物使用与特定部位癌症之间存在的所有可能的关联进行了概括和描述,他们所使用的数据来自2006年到2007年住院治疗的1847051名病人的医疗数据。

经过分析之后研究人员发现对于接受胰岛素或胰岛素促分泌药物治疗的病人来说,结肠癌(只有男性),肝癌(只有男性),胰腺癌,肺癌(只有男性)和脑癌(只有男性)的风险增加高达9倍;而前列腺癌风险大大下降。非常重要的是,服用他汀药物的病人其癌症风险普遍下降,那些没有接受抗高血糖药物治疗的病人风险下降更加显著。这种保护作用对于胰岛素与胰腺癌,磺脲类药物或格列酮类药物与皮肤癌,二甲双胍与前列腺癌、子宫癌和非霍奇金淋巴瘤之间的风险关系改变最显著。

文章作者写道:“总的来说,我们的数据支持了高血糖症与癌症之间存在关联的假设。能够帮助减少胰岛素使用增加胰岛素敏感性的药物是更好的糖尿病治疗选择。”(文章详见--J Intern Med:他汀药物能够抵消2型糖尿病患者的胰岛素相关癌症风险

【4】Diabetes Care:HbA1c水平和BMI对1型糖尿病的血脂有什么影响?

探讨1型糖尿病患者从青少年时期进入到成年早期,糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)和体重指数(BMI,测量值为BMI z评分[zBMI])对低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)和非HDL轨迹的影响。

研究纳入572名青年1型糖尿病患者进行动态额回顾性队列研究,调查血脂值的变化,纵向的中位数时间为9.3年。通过纵向建模,我们描述HbA1c和zBMI与血脂值的关系,并且校正了其他相关因素,包括降脂药物的使用。

脂质评估的中位数数量为7(范围2 - 39)。HbA1c每增加1%,LDL水平增加~2–6 mg/dL,从青春期到青春期后期,LDL水平增加幅度更大。BMI每增加1 SD,患者10岁时,平均LDL增加2.1 mg/dL,患者19岁时,平均LDL增加8.2 mg/dL。HbA1c水平和zBMI对非HDL水平的影响,与LDL相似。HbA1c水平和zBMI对HDL的影响较小,且不依赖于年龄。

结果表明,HbA1c水平和zBMI对LDL和HDL的影响较大,并且与年龄有关。1新糖尿病患者从儿童时期步入成年时期,应评估HbA1c水平和zBMI,以改善血脂情况。(文章详见--Diabetes Care:HbA1c水平和BMI对1型糖尿病的血脂有什么影响?

【5】Diabetes Care:1型糖尿病患者长期死亡率研究

调查15岁–29年确诊为1型糖尿病患者的长期死亡率、死亡原因和终末期肾脏疾病(ESRD)情况。

研究纳入1978–1982年间诊断为1型糖尿病的患者,组成这项全国性、以人口为基础的队列;随访到死亡、移民、或是2013年9月。通过相关数据库获取患者的死亡、ESRD等情况。

在30年的随访中,参与者发展为终末期肾病和死亡的比例分别为4.6%和20.6% (n = 148; 106例男性和42例女性)。自诊断后的10年累积死亡率为6%(95% CI 4.5–8.0),20年累积死亡率为12.2% (10.0–14.8),30年累积死亡率为18.4% (15.8–21.5)。标准死亡率(SMR)为4.4 (95% CI 3.7–5.1)。从诊断糖尿病到终末期肾病的平均时间是23.6年(范围14.2–33.5)。死因主要有慢性并发症(32.2%)、急性并发症(20.5%)、暴力死亡(19.9%)或任何其他原因(27.4%)。15%的案例,其死亡与酒精有关。酒精相关死亡的SMR为6.8 (95% CI 4.5–10.3)。心血管死亡的SMR为7.3 (5.4–10.0)。暴力死亡的SMR为3.6 (2.3–5.3)。

在这一类1型糖尿病患者中,随访30年的ESRD累积发生率低。死亡率为普通人群的4.4倍,超过50%的死亡是由急性或慢性并发症引起的。与酒精有关的死亡比例相对较高。(文章详见--Diabetes Care:1型糖尿病患者长期死亡率研究

【6】Diabetic Med:伴或不伴糖尿病,PCI的成功率同样高

研究数据显示,接受经皮冠状动脉介入治疗的糖尿病患者中,有近一半的患者在2012年到2015年之间接受了手术治疗,并且有与无糖尿病患者类似的并发症和成功率。

北德克萨斯的VA医疗保健系统和UT西南医学中心的Jose Roberto Martinez-Parachini博士对1308例患者的数据进行了分析,这些患者均在2012年5月到2015年9月进行了经皮冠状动脉介入治疗慢性完全闭塞,来自美国11个医疗保健中心。近一半(44.6%)的患者有糖尿病,84%人是男性。平均年龄为66岁。糖尿病患者与没有糖尿病的患者比较,更可能存在既往心衰(35% vs. 22%; P = .0001)、外周动脉疾病(19% vs. 13%; P = .002)和冠状动脉旁路移植术(38% vs. 31%; P = .006)。与没有糖尿病的患者比较,糖尿病患者也有较高的BMI(31 kg/m2 vs. 29 kg/m2),不过有类似的Japan-chronic总阻塞分数(2.6 vs. 2.5; P = .82)。

Martinez Parachini和他的同事写道:“总之,经皮冠状动脉介入治疗对伴或不伴糖尿病的慢性完全闭塞病变患者,具有同样高的成功率,和同样低的并发症发生率。”(文章详见--Diabetic Med:伴或不伴糖尿病,PCI的成功率同样高

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    2016-12-01 镱鉎鉌釚

    中国什么都多!!!!

    0

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    2016-11-09 忠诚向上

    继续努力

    0

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    2016-11-09 李东泽

    很好,不错,以后会多学习

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1800412, encodeId=bfa1180041226, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=cbf9e254051' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#相关研究#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=72540, encryptionId=cbf9e254051, topicName=相关研究)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=21015, createdName=heli0118, createdTime=Sat Mar 11 13:39:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=159295, encodeId=8dd4159295b9, content=中国什么都多!!!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=108, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160903/IMG57CA05C7ADAC62159.jpg, createdBy=ea6c1943408, createdName=镱鉎鉌釚, createdTime=Thu Dec 01 07:21:23 CST 2016, time=2016-12-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=154597, encodeId=041f15459e16, content=继续努力, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=107, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=45101626056, createdName=忠诚向上, createdTime=Wed Nov 09 17:47:02 CST 2016, time=2016-11-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=154579, encodeId=f4e11545e951, content=很好,不错,以后会多学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=125, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzUn81b5CF5ibVPib8jWI92iciaxmqGHlwruOnK4SVZykd4iahqo1hicklIibyZoxm55X7EM8BW9eX1h1hQ2/0, createdBy=8aa81937526, createdName=李东泽, createdTime=Wed Nov 09 13:58:39 CST 2016, time=2016-11-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=154468, encodeId=8a9d15446879, content=学习了,赞一个!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=105, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2d331664955, createdName=老段, createdTime=Wed Nov 09 07:03:14 CST 2016, time=2016-11-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1380641, encodeId=cde1138064172, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9281e34519b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#研究进展#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=73451, encryptionId=9281e34519b, topicName=研究进展)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f13d475, createdName=mashirong, createdTime=Wed Nov 09 06:39:00 CST 2016, time=2016-11-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=154162, encodeId=365c1541620f, content=学习了,目前医院1型比较少, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=73441710184, createdName=明崖, createdTime=Mon Nov 07 20:52:43 CST 2016, time=2016-11-07, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-11-09 老段

    学习了,赞一个!

    0

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    2016-11-07 明崖

    学习了,目前医院1型比较少

    0

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