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JAMA:抗凝治疗时长对“隐形杀手”静脉血栓患者复发和出血事件的影响

2022-01-15 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

比起常见的动脉血栓,静脉血栓更像一个“隐形的杀手”。

比起常见的动脉血栓,静脉血栓更像一个“隐形的杀手”。这类疾病没有明显的临床表现,尤其在合并其他疾病的患者中,常常被忽视。令人担忧的是,一旦发生大面积的肺栓塞,很可能会严重危及患者的生命安全。

在21岁以下的患者中,静脉血栓栓塞症的最佳抗凝治疗时间尚不清楚。为了明确该人群患者6周抗凝治疗时间不劣于传统的3个月治疗,来自美国约翰霍普金斯儿童医院的专家开展了相关研究,结果发表在JAMA杂志上。

这项随机临床试验共纳入417名年龄小于21岁的急性诱发静脉血栓栓塞症患者,分别分为抗凝6周(n = 207)vs 3个月(n = 210)。主要疗效和安全终点是症状性复发性静脉血栓栓塞症和1年内的临床相关出血事件。非劣效性边界包含了双变量的权衡,包括症状性复发性静脉血栓栓塞症的绝对值增加0%,临床相关出血事件的绝对风险降低4%。

在417名随机患者中,297人(中位年龄8.3[范围,0.04-20.9]岁;49%为女性)符合主要按方案人群分析的标准。主要疗效结果的1年累积发生率的Kaplan-Meier估计值在6周抗凝治疗组为0.66%(95%CI,0%-1.95%),在3个月抗凝治疗组为0.70%(95%CI,0%-2.07%);对于主要安全结果,两组发生率分别为0.65%(95%CI,0%-1.91%)和0.70%(95%CI,0%-2.06%)。

根据组间复发性静脉血栓栓塞症和临床相关出血事件的绝对风险差异,证明了非劣效性。6周抗凝剂治疗组有26%的患者发生不良事件,3个月抗凝剂治疗组有32%的患者发生不良事件;最常见的不良事件是发烧(分别为1.9%和3.4%)。

综上,在21岁以下的诱发性静脉血栓栓塞症患者中,根据复发性静脉血栓栓塞症风险和出血风险之间的权衡,6周抗凝治疗与3个月抗凝治疗相比疗效相当。

 

参考文献:

Effect of Anticoagulant Therapy for 6 Weeks vs 3 Months on Recurrence and Bleeding Events in Patients Younger Than 21 Years of Age With Provoked Venous Thromboembolism: The Kids-DOTT Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2022;327(2):129–137. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.23182

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    2022-08-04 xue8602
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    2022-11-26 fusion
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    2022-01-18 十五与月光

    棒棒哒🎉

    0

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    2022-01-16 ms6000000656440728

    不错的研究

    0

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