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mBio:纳米疫苗显现希望

2021-03-03 Dr.neuro MedSci原创

近日,来自美国克利夫兰诊所全球病原体研究与人类健康中心的研究团队开发了一种新型COVID-19候选疫苗,该疫苗利用纳米技术,在临床疾病模型中表现出很强的疗效。

近日,来自美国克利夫兰诊所全球病原体研究与人类健康中心的研究团队开发了一种新型COVID-19候选疫苗,该疫苗利用纳米技术,在临床疾病模型中表现出很强的疗效。研究结果发表在mBio上。

新冠病毒的病原体,通过刺突蛋白的受体结合域(RBD)与宿主相互作用而进入宿主细胞血管紧张素转换酶2(ACE2)。因此,RBD是诱导针对SARS-CoV-2感染疫苗靶标。

该项研究中,研究者利用自组装幽门螺杆菌---牛蛙铁蛋白纳米颗粒作为抗原递送系统,开发了基于RBD蛋白的SARS-CoV-2的候选疫苗。16~20月龄的雪貂通过肌肉注射或鼻腔接种RBD-铁蛋白纳米颗粒(RBD纳米颗粒)。

研究人员先给雪貂注射了一剂候选疫苗,然后在14天和28天后给雪貂注射了两剂加强疫苗。其中一组肌肉注射疫苗,而另一组肌肉注射和鼻内注射疫苗。

在第二次加强疫苗接种后,所有接种的模型都产生了强烈的中和抗体。这表明,重复暴露于RBD抗原成功地使免疫系统做好了快速对抗病毒的准备。

在第二次加强剂后几天(初始疫苗剂量后31天),研究人员将模型暴露在高浓度的SARS-CoV-2中。与只接受佐剂疫苗(佐剂是帮助疫苗更好地发挥作用的添加成分)的安慰剂组相比,那些接受RBD-纳米颗粒疫苗的人更好地保护了临床症状和与感染相关的肺部损伤。研究结果表明,候选疫苗有助于预防感染和严重疾病。

用RBD-纳米颗粒免疫引发中和抗体的形成。

肌内和鼻内联合免疫比单独的肌内免疫显示出更有力的保护性免疫和更快的病毒清除。两者都比只使用佐剂的疫苗明显有效。所有接种了RBD纳米颗粒的雪貂都产生了针对病毒的强效中和抗体。值得一提的是,接种疫苗的雪貂表现出高保护性的同时,没有出现发热、体重减轻或临床症状。

此外,接种疫苗的雪貂对鼻腔和肺部的感染性病毒以及呼吸器官中的病毒RNA都表现出快速的清除能力。表明,RBD-纳米颗粒是一种有效的抗SARS-CoV-2的蛋白疫苗候选物。

用RBD纳米颗粒免疫可促进快速的病毒清除并保护雪貂免受SARS-CoV-2攻击。

相比于其他疫苗,该纳米疫苗具有热稳定性,恒温保存即可,这对于远距离输送以及没有冷冻保存条件的地区来说是个优先选择的好消息。

克利夫兰诊所全球人类健康与病原体研究中心主任Jae Jung博士,是病毒学和病毒引起的癌症方面的最权威人士,他此前开发了世界上第一个COVID-19雪貂模型,该模型极大地推动了对SARS-CoV-2感染和传播的研究。

对于如今这项研究,ae Jung博士表示,该纳米候选疫苗可通过铁蛋白工程化的纳米颗粒传递抗原以触发免疫反应。与传统的蛋白质亚基疫苗相比,蛋白质纳米颗粒的其他好处包括最大程度地减少了细胞损伤,并以较低的剂量提供了更强的免疫力,以抵抗流感等其他病毒。

该团队的疫苗使用铁蛋白纳米颗粒来传递SARS-CoV-2尖峰蛋白区域的微小、弱化的片段,该区域选择性地结合到病毒进入点(该片段被称为受体结合域,或RBD)。当SARS-CoV-2 RBD与ACE2(血管紧张素转换酶2)的人类蛋白结合后,病毒就可以进入宿主细胞并开始复制。

需要提出的是,尽管纳米铁蛋白颗粒因其较强的温度和化学稳定性而得到很好的表征,表明RBD-纳米颗粒疫苗可以恒温存放,但未来的研究方向还是要进行必要验证。该疫苗需要人体临床试验才能证明其有效性。

原文出处:

Young-Il Kim, Dokyun Kim, Kwang-Min Yu, Hogyu David Seo, Shin-Ae Lee, Mark Anthony B. Casel, Seung-Gyu Jang, Stephanie Kim, WooRam Jung, Chih-Jen Lai, Young Ki Choi, Jae U. Jung. Development of Spike Receptor-Binding Domain Nanoparticles as a Vaccine Candidate against SARS-CoV-2 Infection in FerretsmBio, 2021; 12 (2) DOI: 10.1128/mBio.00230-21

 

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    2021-08-19 sunylz
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1919219, encodeId=2dc8191921959, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4f26341994' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Bio#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3419, encryptionId=4f26341994, topicName=Bio)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=12de429, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Thu Aug 19 22:07:56 CST 2021, time=2021-08-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=946123, encodeId=3f0394612390, content=已读,受益匪浅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=136, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f03a5433387, createdName=ms5000000518166734, createdTime=Sun Mar 07 11:49:10 CST 2021, time=2021-03-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=945343, encodeId=07c794534363, content=学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=116, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=25745459406, createdName=ms5000000127232937, createdTime=Thu Mar 04 08:31:59 CST 2021, time=2021-03-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=945287, encodeId=b84794528e39, content=现在需要的是量<a href='/topic/show?id=46ce580e865' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新冠肺炎#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=142, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58078, encryptionId=46ce580e865, topicName=新冠肺炎)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200914/f1df8506d5cb4909bac2efc340b6c1fe/dcc6dd2dbec44613838b555fbe723804.jpg, createdBy=686b1371609, createdName=liyu7822, createdTime=Wed Mar 03 22:46:26 CST 2021, time=2021-03-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=945284, encodeId=7e739452845a, content=现在需要的是量<a href='/topic/show?id=46ce580e865' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新冠肺炎#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=136, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58078, encryptionId=46ce580e865, topicName=新冠肺炎)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200914/f1df8506d5cb4909bac2efc340b6c1fe/dcc6dd2dbec44613838b555fbe723804.jpg, createdBy=686b1371609, createdName=liyu7822, createdTime=Wed Mar 03 22:44:47 CST 2021, time=2021-03-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-03-07 ms5000000518166734

    已读,受益匪浅

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1919219, encodeId=2dc8191921959, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4f26341994' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Bio#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3419, encryptionId=4f26341994, topicName=Bio)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=12de429, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Thu Aug 19 22:07:56 CST 2021, time=2021-08-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=946123, encodeId=3f0394612390, content=已读,受益匪浅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=136, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f03a5433387, createdName=ms5000000518166734, createdTime=Sun Mar 07 11:49:10 CST 2021, time=2021-03-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=945343, encodeId=07c794534363, content=学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=116, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=25745459406, createdName=ms5000000127232937, createdTime=Thu Mar 04 08:31:59 CST 2021, time=2021-03-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=945287, encodeId=b84794528e39, content=现在需要的是量<a href='/topic/show?id=46ce580e865' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新冠肺炎#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=142, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58078, encryptionId=46ce580e865, topicName=新冠肺炎)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200914/f1df8506d5cb4909bac2efc340b6c1fe/dcc6dd2dbec44613838b555fbe723804.jpg, createdBy=686b1371609, createdName=liyu7822, createdTime=Wed Mar 03 22:46:26 CST 2021, time=2021-03-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=945284, encodeId=7e739452845a, content=现在需要的是量<a href='/topic/show?id=46ce580e865' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新冠肺炎#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=136, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58078, encryptionId=46ce580e865, topicName=新冠肺炎)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200914/f1df8506d5cb4909bac2efc340b6c1fe/dcc6dd2dbec44613838b555fbe723804.jpg, createdBy=686b1371609, createdName=liyu7822, createdTime=Wed Mar 03 22:44:47 CST 2021, time=2021-03-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-03-04 ms5000000127232937

    学习学习

    0

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    2021-03-03 liyu7822

    现在需要的是量#新冠肺炎#

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1919219, encodeId=2dc8191921959, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4f26341994' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Bio#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3419, encryptionId=4f26341994, topicName=Bio)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=12de429, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Thu Aug 19 22:07:56 CST 2021, time=2021-08-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=946123, encodeId=3f0394612390, content=已读,受益匪浅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=136, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f03a5433387, createdName=ms5000000518166734, createdTime=Sun Mar 07 11:49:10 CST 2021, time=2021-03-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=945343, encodeId=07c794534363, content=学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=116, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=25745459406, createdName=ms5000000127232937, createdTime=Thu Mar 04 08:31:59 CST 2021, time=2021-03-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=945287, encodeId=b84794528e39, content=现在需要的是量<a href='/topic/show?id=46ce580e865' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新冠肺炎#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=142, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58078, encryptionId=46ce580e865, topicName=新冠肺炎)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200914/f1df8506d5cb4909bac2efc340b6c1fe/dcc6dd2dbec44613838b555fbe723804.jpg, createdBy=686b1371609, createdName=liyu7822, createdTime=Wed Mar 03 22:46:26 CST 2021, time=2021-03-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=945284, encodeId=7e739452845a, content=现在需要的是量<a href='/topic/show?id=46ce580e865' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新冠肺炎#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=136, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58078, encryptionId=46ce580e865, topicName=新冠肺炎)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200914/f1df8506d5cb4909bac2efc340b6c1fe/dcc6dd2dbec44613838b555fbe723804.jpg, createdBy=686b1371609, createdName=liyu7822, createdTime=Wed Mar 03 22:44:47 CST 2021, time=2021-03-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-03-03 liyu7822

    现在需要的是量#新冠肺炎#

    0

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纳米技术,听上去就是一个高大上的技术。因为高大上,很多化妆品、保健品都在蹭这个纳米技术的热度。 但是,有一种抗肿瘤药物,却是实实在在的纳米药物,因为使用了纳米技术,让一个天然化合物的抗癌药用价值得到了大大提高。 这个纳米药,就是白蛋白结合型紫杉醇(以下简称:白蛋白紫杉醇)。从紫杉树到紫杉醇,再到白蛋白紫杉醇,这是一个典型的、可以写进教科书的现代药物研发的好故事。 1. 白蛋白紫杉醇的昨天

PNAS:新型药物递送系统可有效抑制87%-94%的肿瘤细胞

有效的癌症治疗通常需要联合有效的药物递送系统来协同抑制多耐药性肿瘤组织,开发可增强药物负荷和递送效率的多功能纳米药物递送系统是目前是纳米技术发展的重要挑战之一。

Nat Commun:纳米技术欲破 “超级细菌” 难题

近日,由华中农业大学教授韩鹤友领衔的纳米化学生物学团队在《自然—通讯》在线发表一项研究,为该领域研究注入 “加速剂”。该团队巧妙地利用了α—溶血素能够在细胞膜上穿孔这一特性,通过负载抗菌药物和反应底物,仿生构建了一种类细胞膜包裹的“多米诺” 纳米反应器,实现了细菌毒素触发的级联反应和药物的靶向及可控释放。这个 “多米诺” 过程能够进一步刺激机体免疫反应,达到了药物治疗和免疫治疗的协调抗菌效果。

Sci Trans Med:纳米技术助力恢复p53抑癌基因活性,成功延缓癌症发展!

众所周知,p53抑癌基因在癌症的发生发展中发挥着至关重要的作用。它在癌症患者体内突变率高达50%,是人体内突变频率最高的癌症相关基因。牵一发而动全身,从营养代谢、DNA的修复,到细胞的衰老、恶变和死亡都能看到它的身影。然而,对于那些没有出现p53基因突变的癌症患者,该基因的活性也处于抑制状态。多年来,科学家们一直在致力于寻找恢复p53基因活性的新方法……

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