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Nature 子刊:浸润性乳腺癌治疗前景

2016-06-06 佚名 生物谷

在瑞士有超过5700名妇女被诊断为乳腺癌,每年几乎有1400名患者死于该病。许多入侵形式的乳腺癌中的癌细胞表面有很多HER2受体,这将导致癌细胞不受控制的生长发展。有很多种抗体如曲妥珠单抗和帕妥珠单抗可以识别HER2受体,这在乳腺癌治疗中已经使用许多年了。然而,这些抗体不能杀死癌细胞。相反,癌细胞可以使它们处于休眠状态,这样癌细胞在任何时间里都可以自由生长复制。 为什么抗体治疗对乳腺癌细胞无

在瑞士有超过5700名妇女被诊断为乳腺癌,每年几乎有1400名患者死于该病。许多入侵形式的乳腺癌中的癌细胞表面有很多HER2受体,这将导致癌细胞不受控制的生长发展。有很多种抗体如曲妥珠单抗和帕妥珠单抗可以识别HER2受体,这在乳腺癌治疗中已经使用许多年了。然而,这些抗体不能杀死癌细胞。相反,癌细胞可以使它们处于休眠状态,这样癌细胞在任何时间里都可以自由生长复制。

为什么抗体治疗对乳腺癌细胞无作用呢

苏黎世大学生物化学系主任Andreas Pluckthun和研究人员通过研究发现了为什么这些抗体只是减缓肿瘤的生长,而不能杀死癌细胞。HER2受体同时使用数个信号通路传递给癌细胞进行生长和分裂。但到目前为止抗体只能阻止其中一个信号通路,而其它信号通路仍然可以继续工作。最重要的开放通路会通过中央枢纽,称为RAS。“这个蛋白质重新激活HER2受体发出的生长信号。随后抗体就失去了效应,癌细胞继续扩散。”这就是Andreas Pluckthun解释的机制。

苏黎世大学科学家已经发现了一种有效的解决方案可关掉癌症细胞HER2受体同一时间内释放的所有信号。他们设计了一种蛋白质化合物,以特定的方式同时结合自身到两个HER2受体中,并改变了它们的空间结构。这种“受体弯曲”阻止了任何传输到癌细胞内部的生长信号,最后导致癌细胞死亡。另一个优点是该蛋白选择性作用于癌细胞,这可确保有效杀死癌细胞但健康的身体细胞完好无损。例如,新型蛋白化合物会遏制小鼠肿瘤细胞生长但对小鼠健康没有危害。

非常有效的蛋白质化合物很快就对病人进行测试

该蛋白质化合物活性成分由几个重复蛋白组成。这个新型的蛋白质化合物易于生产,在Pluckthun的生物化学实验室中正在发明和创造一种非常相似的新药物,根据病人的机制尽快的通过临床试验测试这种新药功能。Andreas Pluckthun很乐观:“既然我们已经确定了HER2受体相关癌细胞的致命点,那么未来治疗侵袭性肿瘤类型的乳腺癌会更有希望。”

原始出处

Rastislav Tamaskovic, Martin Schwill, Gabriela Nagy-Davidescu, Christian Jost, Dagmar C. Schaefer, Wouter P. R. Verdurmen, Jonas V. Schaefer, AnneErbB2 prevents compensatory activation of PI3K/AKT via RAS–p110 crosstalkmarie Honegger & Andreas Plückthun.Intermolecular biparatopic trapping of  Nature。2016

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    2016-08-28 ylzr123

    深度好文,值得学习,赞!

    0

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    2016-09-25 liye789132251
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    2016-06-07 milkshark

    medsci必属精品

    0

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    2016-06-07 milkshark

    的确这样

    0

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在激素受体阳性的早期乳腺癌的绝经后女性患者中,用芳香酶抑制剂前期单一治疗5年或在他莫昔芬治疗后治疗是首选的治疗方法。用芳香酶抑制剂延长10年治疗可进一步减少乳腺癌复发的风险。原始出处:Paul E. Goss,James N. Ingle,Kathleen I. Pritchard,et al.Extending Aromatase-Inhibitor Adjuvant Therapy to 10

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