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Nat Neurosci:临床上对吗啡镇痛不敏感的慢性动态触诱发痛的脊髓环路

2017-04-26 王云,马秋富 生物帮

2017年4月24日,国际学术权威刊物自然出版集团旗下子刊《Nature Neuroscience》杂志在线发表了复旦大学脑科学研究院研究员王云实验室与哈佛大学医学院Dana-Farber癌症研究所教授马秋富实验室合作的一篇研究论文,论文在触诱发痛的脊髓环路机制研究上取得了突破性的研究成果。研究成果题为“Identification of spinal circuits involved in t

2017年4月24日,国际学术权威刊物自然出版集团旗下子刊《Nature Neuroscience》杂志在线发表了复旦大学脑科学研究院研究员王云实验室与哈佛大学医学院Dana-Farber癌症研究所教授马秋富实验室合作的一篇研究论文,论文在触诱发痛的脊髓环路机制研究上取得了突破性的研究成果。研究成果题为“Identification of spinal circuits involved in touch-evoked dynamic mechanical pain”。程龙珍与哈佛大学博士段波、黄天文是该论文的共同第一作者,王云和马秋富是该论文的共同通讯作者。

触诱发痛(mechanical alldoynia)是慢性疼痛的突出症状,是临床上一个十分棘手的问题,目前尚无理想的控制手段,主要原因是其机制不明。这次研究发现了传递临床上对吗啡镇痛不敏感的慢性动态触诱发痛的脊髓环路。

临床上触诱发痛分为两种类型,一种是轻触刺激如风吹/穿衣所触发的动态触诱发痛(dynamic allodynia),另外一种是对皮肤表面施加稳定的压力引起的点状或静态触诱发痛(punctate/static allodynia),而长期困扰大部分疼痛病人的是动态触诱发痛。由于临床上静态和动态触诱发痛对吗啡的敏感性不同,后者对吗啡镇痛不敏感,因此临床治疗更加棘手,因而迫切需要明确其脊髓环路以及对吗啡不敏感的机制。在前期研究发现敲除脊髓背角表达somatostatin (SOM) 的神经元后,小鼠动态和静态触诱发痛都丧失了(Duan*, Cheng*, et al., Cell, 2014)的基础上,复旦与哈佛合作研究团队在马秋富的带领下,近期进一步研究发现特异性敲除脊髓背角表达vesicular glutamate transporter 3 (VGLUT3)(发育过程中短暂表达)的神经元后,在神经损伤(SNI)、炎症(CFA/Carrageenan)和去抑制(bicuculline + strychnine)等多种疼痛研究小鼠模型上其毛发轻刷触发的动态触诱发痛显著减轻,而由von Frey纤毛压迫诱发的点状触诱发痛并没有发生明显的改变。应用脊髓切片离体电生理技术,研究者对动态触诱发痛在脊髓背角的神经传导通路开展了深入研究。他们发现,在脊髓背角存在多条正常情况下被“门控”的外周感觉神经传导通路(如图所示),当敲除脊髓背角VGLUT3神经元后,小鼠SNI后选择性地丧失了通路“1”,而通路“2”和“3”并不发生显著变化;而敲除脊髓背角的SOM神经元后,以上三条神经传导通路都丧失。上述研究结果第一次证明,临床上对吗啡镇痛不敏感的动态触诱发痛是由脊髓背角的VGLUT3神经元通过多突触间接的Aβ通路(通路“1”)传递的。该研究结果有望为临床上顽固性的动态触诱发痛的临床干预和新药靶点发现提供理论依据。


动态/点状触诱发痛的脊髓环路示意图

原始出处:
Longzhen Cheng, Bo Duan,Tianwen Huang,Yan Zhang,Yangyang Chen, Olivier Britz, Lidia Garcia-Campmany,Xiangyu Ren,Linh Vong,Bradford B Lowell,Martyn Goulding,Yun Wang & Qiufu Ma.Identification of spinal circuits involved in touch-evoked dynamic mechanical pain.NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

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    2018-02-24 liye789132251
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    2017-04-28 showtest
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    2017-04-28 zhaojie88
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    2017-04-28 lsndxfj
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    2017-04-26 lemon985

    学习

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杜兰大学和路易斯安那东南部的退伍军人医疗系统的研究员发现了一种新的止痛药,具有吗啡相似的止痛效果,但不会上瘾,副作用更少!该基于内啡肽的药物与吗啡有相同的镇痛受体。以鸦片为基础的药物是治疗严重和慢性疼痛的主要方法,但它们可以很容易上瘾。在美国药物滥用导致每年数***死亡。此外药物滥用会导致运动障碍和潜在致命的呼吸抑制。随着时间的推移耐受性的增加,滥用和过量使用药物的风险也在增加。该项研究中,新的内吗

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该倾向得分匹配分析显示,AHF患者静脉注射吗啡与30天死亡率增加相关。

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