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临床上搞了点小发明,然后怎么办?——从韩春雨诺奖级项目说起

2016-05-13 MedSci MedSci原创

导语:知识产权日益成为国家发展的战略性资源和核心要素,专利制度在激励创新、推动经济发展和社会进步中的支撑作用日益凸显。近几天,韩春雨副教授在NatureBiotech发表重大原创成果的报道抢占了很多媒体的头条,让众人称赞。很多研究人员认为韩春雨报道的NgAgo-gDNA技术更适合人类基因组编辑,将有可能超越CRISPR-Cas9技术。科学网博客作者————沙晨检索了韩春雨的专利,发现了一些问题

导语:知识产权日益成为国家发展的战略性资源和核心要素,专利制度在激励创新、推动经济发展和社会进步中的支撑作用日益凸显。

近几天,韩春雨副教授在NatureBiotech发表重大原创成果的报道抢占了很多媒体的头条,让众人称赞。很多研究人员认为韩春雨报道的NgAgo-gDNA技术更适合人类基因组编辑,将有可能超越CRISPR-Cas9技术。科学网博客作者————沙晨检索了韩春雨的专利,发现了一些问题,在此提出来供研究人员参考。

韩春雨和JohnvanderOost都在nature发表了论文

先看一下韩春雨从产生研究想法到《NatureBiotech》报道其研究成果的整个过程。

韩春雨对NgAgo的研究受WageningenUniversity(荷兰)的范德欧斯特研究组(JohnvanderOost)在《Nature》杂志上发表的文章的启发,2014年上半年,韩春雨团队开始着手实验,2个月之后,得出NgAgo可以做基因编辑工具。初步获得实验结果之后,韩春雨向《科学》杂志进行了投稿,在《科学》杂志审稿期间,韩春雨课题组不断对实验结果进行完善。2014年秋天,浙江大学沈啸也开始参与这项工作。经过《科学》杂志小半年的审稿,韩春雨的投稿最终被拒,估计这个时间大约在10月份。在补充了实验内容之后,2015年6月3日实验论文改投到《自然生物技术》,9个月之后,也就是大概2016年2月文章被接收,2016年5月2日在线发表。从开始研究,到论文见刊,前后大约两年的时间。

另外,要介绍一下JohnvanderOost。

JohnvanderOost目前就职于荷兰WageningenUniversity,2005年即开始研究CRISPR领域,是早期CRISPR的研究成员,与张锋和JenniferDoudna都有合作,最新公开的专利显示JohnvanderOost也在CaribouBiosciences公司的发明人名单当中,该公司由JenniferDoudna创建。

JohnvanderOost研究组的文章《DNA-guided DNA interference by apaokaryotic Argonaute》,投稿时间是2013年7月30日,发表于2014年2月16日。

韩春雨和JohnvanderOost都申请了专利

先看JohnvanderOost围绕TtAgo申请且已公开的专利:




韩春雨申请的专利



同样是在基因编辑领域的研究,同样成果都在世界顶级期刊发表。但是,对技术成果的保护却让人感觉意外。韩春雨的成果优于vanderOost的成果,但是,直到第二次投稿半年后才申请专利,专利发明人有两个,且第一发明人为浙江大学沈啸,还没有申请国外专利。而相比之下,vanderOost在投稿之前就申请了专利,且之后还进行了PCT国际申请。我想基因编辑领域关于CRISPR-Cas9的权属之争应该无人不晓,在这种情况下,这么重要的成果仍旧没有进行积极的专利布局。这反映的是我国研究人员对科研成果的态度和观念还停留在实验室,没有考虑市场应用,以及成果能给社会和人类带来什么样的福利。

因此要提醒。

1、发表论文了不等于你拥有了该项技术的所有权。我国诺奖得主屠呦呦发现的青蒿素药物举世闻名,但是该药物只进行了论文公开,而没有进行专利保护,国际药企可以任意使用青蒿素技术进行营利。这里不讲专利法规,请记住,有好的技术请先进行专利保护。

2、尽管申请专利了,但是不同的专利撰写人员,写出的专利水平参差不齐。暂不论权项布局合不合理,相比于vanderOost的20多项权利要求韩春雨发明的专利只有8项权利要求,本人在2011年参与过基因药投资项目,与国外类似动辄就几十上百项权利要求比,如此重要的技术仅有8项权利要求是远远不够的。专利质量的好坏对于后续实施和维权至关重要。

3、对于合作研发,当事人一定要约定好权属问题。对于韩春雨团队申请的专利,发明人来自两个高校,但是申请人只有一个,如果没有约定好,可能会对后续实施产生影响。且该专利许可费用如何分配,都是需要讨论的问题。

4、专利转化运用并不简单,相反非常复杂且成本很高。很多科研人员不仅不愿意对专利申请事物投入足够的精力和费用,而且更不愿意对专利转化运用投入人力、物力和财力。其实,专利转化的要求非常高,不仅需要相关的专业知识,还需要沟通、管理、谈判等诸多知识和技能,而科研单位和大学很少有这类人才。所以,并不是技术好就能转化,要找专业的团队。(以上来自科学网沙晨博客,在此致谢!)

中外专利成果保护的差异到底有多大

2016年初,美国专利服务机构IFI Claims发布了2015年度美国专利授权量统计报告。



报告显示,2015年,美国专利商标局共授权298,407件专利。在TOP 50排名中,美国20家,日本16家,韩国6家,德国2家,中国台湾2家。华为公司是中国大陆唯一一家上榜50强的企业,TOP50的专利授权总量为79,095件,约占总授权量的26.5%。

据央视财经报道,海外中药市场上,中国拥有专利权的仅为0.3%,日本和韩国所占比例则超过70%。海外中药市场规模近300亿美元,中国制造的中药占比却不到5%。近年来,我国中药秘方大量流失,商标在国外屡遭抢注。洋中药成了国外企业的摇钱树。中国企业却只能给外企提供廉价原材料。

但值得高兴的是,随着国家对专利制度的完善和知识产权转化的重视,中国专利数量在逐年上升。

2015年,国家知识产权局共受理发明专利申请110.2万件,同比增长18.7%,增长率连续5年位居世界首位。2016年5月11日,中国专利公布数据统计共61379件。



在医学领域,医生和科研人员发明的专利极大的促进了临床创新发展和临床实践。

如:葛均波院士团队设计的“经外周动脉途径植入的主动脉瓣环系统”专利
陈绍良教授的“双对吻挤压支架技术(double kiss crush,简称DK-Crush技术)”
长征医院血管外科主任曲乐丰教授“支架撑开型腔静脉隔膜破除器”专利
景在平教授“多腔动脉覆膜支架”技术专利
复旦大学肿瘤免疫治疗的IDO抑制剂专利
……

等等,不胜枚举。对临床医生而言,申请专利有以下好处:

1、可以将专利权转让或许可而获得经济利益

2、专利可以为职称评定加分,为个人落户加分

3、获得名誉及奖励

4、申请专利与发表论文并不冲突,申请专利并不会影响论文的发表

5、持有专利证书,可以用知识产权获得股份、股权,成为企业的股东,每年都可以享受股权分红。

6、持有发明专利证书,对想出国留学的医生来说,属于有创新成果,可以申请美国、英国、德国、加拿大的名牌大学,等于是为出国留学加分。同等的学习成绩,可以申请到更好的学校。 

专利是不是离医生很遥远呢?其实不然,医生的很多研究内容都是可以申请专利的,医学上常见的申请内容有:

——医疗器械、装置、系统
——医用材料
——药物及用途
——诊断试剂
——生物技术领域
——生物组织工程技术领域
——微生物
——动物模型及建立方法
——检测方法
——监测方法、评价方法、处理方法

看到这里,您是不是也想申请专利了呢?
申请专利是自己申请好还是委托代理事务所申请比较好呢?

特别强调: 

专利法规定:授予专利权的发明和实用新型,应当具备新颖性、创造性和实用性。 新颖性,是指该发明或者实用新型不属于现有技术;也没有任何单位或者个人就同样的发明或者实用新型在申请日以前向国务院专利行政部门提出过申请,并记载在申请日以后公布的专利申请文件或者公告的专利文件中。

根据上述规定,若先发表论文,专利就没有新颖性了,从而也就失去了获得授予专利权的机会。 因此,请务必先申请专利再发表论文!

梅斯医学MedSci携手中国商标专利事务所,为广大科研工作者提供专利申请服务。面向临床医生,我们提供免费的专利评估及咨询服务!让您的临床科研成果更好的转化为产品,提升自我,造福医学!

免费咨询热线:400-640-8988
留言信箱:editing@medsci.cn 

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  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2046224, encodeId=860e2046224b8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=04094698439' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#小发明#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=46984, encryptionId=04094698439, topicName=小发明)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=395f25, createdName=爆笑小医, createdTime=Sun Feb 26 18:11:00 CST 2017, time=2017-02-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1462279, encodeId=292a14622e996, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5c0c9191e10' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#诺奖#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=91917, encryptionId=5c0c9191e10, topicName=诺奖)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=395f25, createdName=爆笑小医, createdTime=Sun May 15 07:11:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1550904, encodeId=7a22155090437, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=662810003e92' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#韩春雨#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=100037, encryptionId=662810003e92, topicName=韩春雨)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=db0a14143395, createdName=bshuang, createdTime=Sun May 15 07:11:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85762, encodeId=f97785e62fd, content=中国意识要跟上, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160515/IMG57380B859AD1F1019.jpg, createdBy=2c5c1621956, createdName=jasonuclear, createdTime=Sat May 14 22:30:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85748, encodeId=713a85e48f9, content=牛人!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=109, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=93f31631454, createdName=1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 20:34:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85672, encodeId=20a2856e29a, content=太高大上, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=109, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=d0921674448, createdName=gyczyxy, createdTime=Fri May 13 19:34:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85662, encodeId=0ff4856621f, content=学习,这方面意识比较差, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=92, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6KcicAVC1MwuK9CDibOwszLoEBg36ZXqzB5NDasNV9GTfFDmBicM1V8hUS4OtTicG3IiaFIKq4wqD23LUxORRJXqjVs/0, createdBy=00e81647535, createdName=I come, createdTime=Fri May 13 17:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-05-15 bshuang
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2046224, encodeId=860e2046224b8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=04094698439' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#小发明#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=46984, encryptionId=04094698439, topicName=小发明)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=395f25, createdName=爆笑小医, createdTime=Sun Feb 26 18:11:00 CST 2017, time=2017-02-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1462279, encodeId=292a14622e996, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5c0c9191e10' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#诺奖#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=91917, encryptionId=5c0c9191e10, topicName=诺奖)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=395f25, createdName=爆笑小医, createdTime=Sun May 15 07:11:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1550904, encodeId=7a22155090437, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=662810003e92' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#韩春雨#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=100037, encryptionId=662810003e92, topicName=韩春雨)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=db0a14143395, createdName=bshuang, createdTime=Sun May 15 07:11:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85762, encodeId=f97785e62fd, content=中国意识要跟上, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160515/IMG57380B859AD1F1019.jpg, createdBy=2c5c1621956, createdName=jasonuclear, createdTime=Sat May 14 22:30:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85748, encodeId=713a85e48f9, content=牛人!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=109, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=93f31631454, createdName=1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 20:34:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85672, encodeId=20a2856e29a, content=太高大上, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=109, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=d0921674448, createdName=gyczyxy, createdTime=Fri May 13 19:34:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85662, encodeId=0ff4856621f, content=学习,这方面意识比较差, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=92, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6KcicAVC1MwuK9CDibOwszLoEBg36ZXqzB5NDasNV9GTfFDmBicM1V8hUS4OtTicG3IiaFIKq4wqD23LUxORRJXqjVs/0, createdBy=00e81647535, createdName=I come, createdTime=Fri May 13 17:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-05-14 jasonuclear

    中国意识要跟上

    0

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    2016-05-14 1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称)

    牛人!

    0

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    2016-05-13 gyczyxy

    太高大上

    0

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    2016-05-13 I come

    学习,这方面意识比较差

    0

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