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卒中患者吞咽障碍和营养管理专家共识

2014-02-27 佚名 健康报

由45位国内神经内科专家编写的《卒中患者吞咽障碍和营养管理的中国专家共识(2013版)》日前颁布,这对提高临床医师对该疾病的诊治水平,规范临床医疗实践具有重要的指导意义。 《共识》主要执笔人、中华预防医学会卒中预防与控制专业委员会主任委员、首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院副院长王拥军教授介绍,2013版《共识》在对《中国卒中患者营养管理的专家共识》(2007年)修订的基

由45位国内神经内科专家编写的《卒中患者吞咽障碍和营养管理的中国专家共识(2013版)》日前颁布,这对提高临床医师对该疾病的诊治水平,规范临床医疗实践具有重要的指导意义。

《共识》主要执笔人、中华预防医学会卒中预防与控制专业委员会主任委员、首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院副院长王拥军教授介绍,2013版《共识》在对《中国卒中患者营养管理的专家共识》(2007年)修订的基础上,又吸纳了一些新近发表的循证医学证据和国际指南内容。2013版《共识》共推出意见10条,采用牛津循证医学中心临床证据水平分级和推荐级别。

《共识》指出,吞咽障碍及营养不良能显著增加卒中患者不良预后风险;卒中患者在进食或饮水前应进行吞咽障碍筛查;对确认存在吞咽障碍的患者应给予促进吞咽功能恢复的治疗;针灸、吞咽康复、饮食改进、姿势改变等可改善吞咽功能;对吞咽障碍的卒中患者不推荐早期应用PEG(经皮胃造瘘),如需长期肠内营养,可酌情考虑PEG喂养;目前尚无足够高级别证据证明卒中后7天内开始肠内营养较7天开始能改善临床结局。

《共识》指出,卒中患者入院后可进行营养筛查,必要时每周可重复筛查,监测是否具有营养风险;对筛查结果异常的患者,应请专业人员进行评估;对营养筛查结果提示存在营养风险的患者,应请营养师给予进一步的营养评估,提出干预措施;对包括重症在内的卒中患者,应在入院24小时~48小时开始肠内营养。

《共识》指出,规范的肠内营养操作可减少吸入性肺炎、腹泻、呕吐等并发症,地中海饮食可预防卒中的发生,应根据患者的病情,给予个体化的能量和营养配方,选用富含单不饱和脂肪酸和膳食纤维的配方。

《共识》还对糖尿病患者如何选用肠内营养制剂,需要限制液体入量的患者及便秘患者选用何种膳食配方等给出了具体的指导。

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卒中患者吞咽障碍和营养管理的中国专家共识(2013版)

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    2014-03-05 gongzuozhong

    有下载的了

    0

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    2014-02-27 匿名用户

    提供链接?

    0

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