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Crit Care Med:降钙素原 脓毒症成年患者抗菌药应用的红绿灯?

2018-05-30 贾朝娟 环球医学

降钙素原(PCT)近年来悄然走红临床的一种细菌感染重要诊断标志物,也是判断细菌感染严重程度和评价疗效的一项重要指标。如果您对PCT还不了解,大家可能会怀疑您是一位假医生。降钙素原(PCT)临床应用也成为感染科医生的热门研究课题。

降钙素原(PCT)近年来悄然走红临床的一种细菌感染重要诊断标志物,也是判断细菌感染严重程度和评价疗效的一项重要指标。如果您对PCT还不了解,大家可能会怀疑您是一位假医生。降钙素原(PCT)临床应用也成为感染科医生的热门研究课题。

脓毒症是非冠脉ICU患者死亡的首要原因。立即开始抗菌药治疗可降低脓毒症相关死亡,然而抗菌药给药疗程通常太长,导致治疗不佳,更重要的是造成了抗菌药耐药。之前的文献表明,降钙素原有助于指导何时停止抗菌药治疗的决策。

2018年5月,发表在《Crit Care Med》的一项研究,调查了降钙素原指导抗菌药治疗对脓毒症成年患者抗菌药疗程、有效性以及安全性结局的影响。

本研究作为向美国食品和药物管理局递交的监管材料的一部分,旨在总结降钙素原指导对脓毒症成年患者有效性和安全性结局的证据。

数据来源于PubMed和Cochrane系统评价数据库,纳入2004年1月~2016年5月期间评估疑似或确诊脓毒症患者使用降钙素原、以英语发表的随机对照试验。

对以下有效性和安全性终点进行逆方差加权固定和随机效应Meta分析:抗菌药疗程、全因死亡率、ICU住院日。两名研究者从鉴别出的研究中独立提取数据元素,并使用Cochrane偏倚风险工具测量偏倚风险。

总共369篇潜在符合纳入标准的文献中,10项随机对照试验共计3489例患者用于分析。

研究结果显示,与对照相比,降钙素原指导的患者抗菌药疗程更短(7.35 vs 8.85天)。降钙素原的使用对死亡(RR,0.90)和ICU住院日(11.09 vs 11.91天)无不良影响。

作者认为,疑似或确诊脓毒症的成年患者,降钙素原指导可缩短抗菌药疗程,并对患者结局无不良影响。

总之,降钙素原(PCT)是疑似或确诊脓毒症患者抗菌药应用的红绿灯。治疗过程中动态监测 PCT 有助于疗效的判定,根据 PCT 变化情况及患者临床表现决定是否需要调整用药。未发现感染证据时,低水平的 PCT 可以作为经验性抗菌药治疗过程中的停药依据。

(专家点评:(1)降钙素原指导抗菌药物治疗需要考虑具体的方案,即指导起始或停止抗菌药物治疗以及具体的值;本研究纳入的随机对照试验均为降钙素原指导停用抗菌药物指征,10篇RCT中有6篇的停药指征包含PCT降至小于等于0.5 ng/ml;(2)降钙素原对全身性感染的指示作用更好一些,对局部感染的指示作用欠佳。)

原始出处:

Iankova, Irena, Thompson-Leduc, Philippe, et.al. Efficacy and Safety of Procalcitonin Guidance in Patients With Suspected or Confirmed Sepsis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis*. Critical Care Medicine: May 2018 - Volume 46 - Issue 5 - p 691–698

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    2018-06-01 lhlxtx
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    2018-06-01 1e0f8808m18(暂无匿称)

    学习了.好文章.

    0

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    2018-05-30 1201e5c5m39暂无昵称

    学习了

    0

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