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STM:老年痴呆症诊断标志物水平随病程发展而变化

2014-03-12 佚名 生物谷

目前,三个正在被研究的有前途的生物标志物(用于在疾病早期阶段检测老年痴呆症),似乎要经历一个令人惊讶的转变。华盛顿大学医学院科学家使用生物标记物来评估研究志愿者疾病相关的大脑变化。在老年痴呆症发病前,脊髓液中神经元损伤标志物的水平增加了十倍或更多,但出现了一个新的转折,研究第一次表明,随着记忆丧失和精神症状下降的出现,标志物水平后期会出现逆反下降过程。相关研究发表在Scie

目前,三个正在被研究的有前途的生物标志物(用于在疾病早期阶段检测老年痴呆症),似乎要经历一个令人惊讶的转变。华盛顿大学医学院科学家使用生物标记物来评估研究志愿者疾病相关的大脑变化。在老年痴呆症发病前,脊髓液中神经元损伤标志物的水平增加了十倍或更多,但出现了一个新的转折,研究第一次表明,随着记忆丧失和精神症状下降的出现,标志物水平后期会出现逆反下降过程。相关研究发表在Science Translational Medicine杂志上。

“我们不知道为什么这会发生逆转,但了解它可能是非常重要的,对于开发药物来治疗或预防阿尔茨海默氏症,”神经学研究教授Anne Fagan博士说:“这些生物标志物水平的变化可能将是我们用来评估阿尔茨海默氏症药物成功或失败的标准,所以我们需要知道这些生物标志物在没有治疗情况下的正常功能。”

由于认识到老年痴呆症出现症状之前,大脑损伤已经发生十年或更长时间,研究人员已经确定了在患者刚出现症状之前疾病的几种生物标志物。他们希望利用生物标志物来诊断患者,希望在记忆等脑功能特征性痴呆问题发生之前就开始治疗。

Fagan和她的同事利用显性遗传性阿尔茨海默氏网(DIAN) 研究数据--华盛顿大学领导的一个跨国研究项目。所有DIAN参与者来自基因突变导致罕见遗传形式阿尔茨海默氏症的家庭。这种家庭基因突变携带者在30多岁时会出现智力下降症状。DIAN参与者经常进行各种试验,包括分析评估脊髓液中阿尔茨海默氏症的生物标记物。对于新的研究,Fagan和她的合作者分析26 名DIAN参与者的脊髓液样本中三个伤害相关的生物标志物。所有的参与者有一个阿尔茨海默氏症致病突变。

两个生物标志物:tau蛋白p-tau蛋白,是构成阿尔茨海默氏症患者大脑中神经原纤维缠结的结构蛋白,第三标志物是神经元钙传感器VILIP-1。三种生物标志物的水平在神经元损伤后增加,并与认知功能下降相关。有证据表明,阿尔茨海默氏“攻击”大脑,死亡的细胞释放生物标记物,从而进入到脊髓液中。

不过,研究人员惊奇地发现,在大多数老年痴呆症参与者,这三个生物标记物水平随时间而下降。虽然下降水平相对较小,但具有一致性,有统计学上意义。Fagan推测痴呆前生物标记物水平的增加可能反映了细胞死亡的强度阶段,痴呆开始时水平减小指示该过程减慢。但是有可能的是,这种减少是由剩余脑细胞(还没有被阿尔茨海默氏所影响杀害)数目减少导致的。

现在,科学家们正在收集DIAN新数据,并持续追踪当前研究中的参与者。研究发现的意义受到研究参与者少和只有几十年的纵向随访这一事实的限制,Fagan说:另外研究还需要了解生物标志物的水平在更常见的散发性形式患者(其通常在生命后期被诊断)中是否有着类似变化。

原始出处:

Fagan AM1, Xiong C, Jasielec MS, Bateman RJ, Goate AM, Benzinger TL, Ghetti B, Martins RN, Masters CL, Mayeux R, Ringman JM, Rossor MN, Salloway S, Schofield PR, Sperling RA, Marcus D, Cairns NJ, Buckles VD, Ladenson JH, Morris JC, Holtzman DM; Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network.Longitudinal Change in CSF Biomarkers in Autosomal-Dominant Alzheimer's Disease.Sci Transl Med. 2014 Mar 5;6(226):226ra30. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3007901.

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    2014-04-07 Boyinsh
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    2015-01-16 gdsun

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