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Neuron:帮助诊断治疗精神障碍的microRNA分子

2014-06-24 佚名 生物谷

据世界卫生组织统计,情绪障碍如抑郁症影响到世界人口的约10%,世界各地的许多科学家们在了解这些疾病中投入了大量的心血,然而,精神障碍背后的分子和细胞机制仍然只有获得了部分理解。现有的抗抑郁药都不够好:有60-70%患者得不到任何帮助,对于其他的30-40%患者,疾病的帮助往往是不彻底的,他们必须在获得任何效果之前很长时间服用药物。另外,有些药物出现了药物相关的许多副作用。因此,显然需要新的和更好

据世界卫生组织统计,情绪障碍如抑郁症影响到世界人口的约10%,世界各地的许多科学家们在了解这些疾病中投入了大量的心血,然而,精神障碍背后的分子和细胞机制仍然只有获得了部分理解。

现有的抗抑郁药都不够好:有60-70%患者得不到任何帮助,对于其他的30-40%患者,疾病的帮助往往是不彻底的,他们必须在获得任何效果之前很长时间服用药物。另外,有些药物出现了药物相关的许多副作用。因此,显然需要新的和更好的药物,而首先是要更好地了解疾病进程。

近日,Weizmann Institute教授Alon Chen与他的博士研究生Orna Issler一起研究了大脑血清素系统的分子机制,其中,当血清素系统失调时,其参与了抑郁症和焦虑症的发展。Chen和他的同事们研究microRNA分子在生成血清素的神经细胞中的作用。该研究结果刊登在Neuron杂志上。

科学家们指出大脑区域中生成血清素的神经细胞,当给予抗抑郁化合物时miR135水平升高。小鼠经过基因改造产生高于平均量的miR135,结果能更能抵抗恒定应力,小鼠没有获得任何慢性应激相关的行为如焦虑或抑郁症。

与此相反, miR135低水平表达小鼠表现出更多的这些行为;此外,小鼠对抗抑郁药的响应是弱的。换句话说,大脑需要适当miR135水平,miR135水平低,但却足够保证一个健康的应激反应,miR135水平高但却足够避免抑郁症或焦虑症。

当用人血液样本进行测试时,研究人员发现抑郁症受试者在他们血液中有异常低水平miR135。科学家们发现,涉及miR135生成的3个基因均位于已知是双极情感性精神障碍相关的基因组区域中。这些结果表明,miR135可能是一个潜在的治疗性分子。

原始出处:


Orna Issler, Sharon Haramati, Evan D. Paul, Hiroshi Maeno, Inbal Navon, Rayya Zwang, Shosh Gil, Helen S. Mayberg, Boadie W. Dunlop, Andreas Menke, Rajeshwar Awatramani, Elisabeth B. Binder, Evan S. Deneris, Christopher A. Lowry, Alon Chene.MicroRNA 135 Is Essential for Chronic Stress Resiliency, Antidepressant Efficacy, and Intact Serotonergic Activity.Neuron.June 19, 2014

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    2014-07-11 by2021
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    2014-06-26 zhouqu_8

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