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Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol:糖化血红蛋白比血糖能更好地预测糖尿病前期风险

2016-11-23 haofan MedSci原创

这对医生来说是很重要的信息,同时对专业的组织来说也是很重要的信息。对糖尿病前期进行如何定义和诊断即将达成全球共识,这将有助于移动该领域向前发展,以及帮助世界各地的糖尿病前期患者。

使用糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)来对糖尿病前期进行诊断可以显著提高鉴别人群中在未来10年内发生重大健康并发症高风险个体的能力。这一论断是基于对以社区人群为基础的社区动脉粥样硬化风险(ARIC)研究的最新分析结果,并于11月15日在线发表在国际顶级医学杂志Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology上

“该研究的目标不仅在于找出那些患糖尿病的最高风险者,还在于找出那些发生严重并发症的最高风险者,这些严重并发症包括肾脏疾病、心血管疾病甚至死亡,糖化血红蛋白是最有可能实现这一目标的工具。”该研究文章的第一作者来自美国马里兰州巴尔的摩约翰霍普金斯大学彭博公共卫生学院的博士生Bethany Warren在她们机构所发布的一篇新闻稿件中评论道。

这个研究分析第一次正式地比较了几种糖尿病前期的定义以及它们是如何较好地预测主要的长期健康问题。

关于糖尿病前期的确切定义缺乏共识

糖尿病前期影响了大约12%至30%的美国人,尽管要得到一个准确的估计值比较困难,由于对糖尿病前期的确切定义缺乏共识,糖尿病前期有时也被称为“中间高血糖”。并不是所有的糖尿病前期患者都将发展为2型糖尿病。


美国糖尿病协会(ADA)建议以空腹血糖在100至125 mg/dL范围内、糖化血红蛋白在5.7%至6.4%的范围内或餐后2小时血糖浓度在140至199 mg/dL范围内作为糖尿病前期的诊断标准。而世界卫生组织(WHO)推荐的糖尿病前期诊断标准:餐后2h血糖浓度这一项指标的范围与ADA所推荐的一样,但空腹血糖这一项指标则规定了更高范围为110至125 mg/dL。同时,国际专家委员会(IEC)建议糖化血红蛋白以6.0%至6.4%的范围来确定那些中度糖尿病风险者。

被纳入ARIC研究的参与者主要来自于美国北卡罗莱纳州、密西西比州、明尼苏达州和马里兰州四个社区的中年人,并且这些参与者被随访超过20年。

研究人员随访了在1990年至1992年期间进行过空腹血糖浓度和糖化血红蛋白测定的10,844名参与者以及在1996年至1998年期间进行过空腹及餐后2小时血糖浓度测量的7194名参与者。

然后,研究人员比较了用ADA、WHO和IEC推荐的诊断标准来定义的糖尿病前期,哪个能更好地预测个人患糖尿病、慢性肾脏疾病、心血管疾病、外周动脉疾病和全因死亡率的10年风险。

研究结果表明,用ADA和IEC推荐的糖化血红蛋白截断值以及WHO推荐的空腹血糖截断值所确定的糖尿病前期患者人数要比ADA推荐的空腹血糖截断值以及ADA和WHO推荐的餐后2小时血糖浓度截断值所确定的糖尿病前期患者人数少。

例如,相比于使用ADA推荐的糖化血红蛋白截断值所确定19%的参与者为糖尿病前期患者,使用ADA推荐的空腹血糖截断值,在该研究中有38%的参与者为糖尿病前期患者。

总的来说,糖化血红蛋白的截断值比血糖浓度的截断值可以检测出更高的长期健康并发症相对风险。

研究人员发现,使用基于糖化血红蛋白的定义,相比于正常人,那些被诊断为糖尿病前期的患者增加50%的可能性发生肾脏疾病、发生心血管疾病的风险增加了两倍以及发生任何原因的死亡风险增加了60%。

为了评估获得的研究结果能否推广到更大的人群,研究人员采用全国健康和营养调查(NHANES)的数据做了一个额外的分析,这一分析也得到了类似的结果。

糖尿病前期的共识有助于寻找最高风险的个人

作者指出,(要是能)知道哪一种指标的截断值能够更好地预测长期健康结局可以帮助ADA、WHO等组织对糖尿病前期的定义达成共识,从而提高疾病的早期识别。

反过来,这可能有助于寻找那些受益于早期的干预措施的最佳目标人群,这些早期干预措施包括生活方式的调整和药物治疗等,这可能会减缓糖尿病前期进展为糖尿病。

“当告诉人们他们处于糖尿病前期时,我们希望这将使他们为了防止糖尿病及其并发症的发展而改变他们的生活习惯,”该研究的资深作者彭博学院流行病学系的教授Elizabeth Selvin博士补充道。

“被确定为糖尿病前期也可以使患者接受减肥和营养咨询以及这些服务的报销变得更加容易。强化的生活方式改变和减肥可以降低糖尿病的风险,因此确定那些高风险患者显得尤为重要。”

“同时,我们也不想过度诊断患者。使用糖化血红蛋白检测使我们能够更准确地识别那些最危险的个人。”她补充说道。

“这对医生来说是很重要的信息,同时对专业的组织来说也是很重要的信息。对糖尿病前期进行如何定义和诊断即将达成全球共识,这将有助于移动该领域向前发展,以及帮助世界各地的糖尿病前期患者。”她总结到。

原始出处:



[2] Veronica Hackethal. HbA1c Better Than Glucose for Predicting Prediabetes Risk .Medscape Medical News.November 22, 2016

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topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20161224/IMG585DA5E26B9F44696.jpg, createdBy=565a98798, createdName=susice, createdTime=Wed Nov 23 19:57:22 CST 2016, time=2016-11-23, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-12-26 wolixiang2012

    密切观察糖尿病的控制

    0

  5. 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topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20161224/IMG585DA5E26B9F44696.jpg, createdBy=565a98798, createdName=susice, createdTime=Wed Nov 23 19:57:22 CST 2016, time=2016-11-23, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-05-24 howi
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topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20161224/IMG585DA5E26B9F44696.jpg, createdBy=565a98798, createdName=susice, createdTime=Wed Nov 23 19:57:22 CST 2016, time=2016-11-23, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-11-30 舒心和人

    范围的选定确实很重要,感谢分享

    0

  7. 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topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20161224/IMG585DA5E26B9F44696.jpg, createdBy=565a98798, createdName=susice, createdTime=Wed Nov 23 19:57:22 CST 2016, time=2016-11-23, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-11-27 虈亣靌

    讲的好,学习了

    0

  8. 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topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20161224/IMG585DA5E26B9F44696.jpg, createdBy=565a98798, createdName=susice, createdTime=Wed Nov 23 19:57:22 CST 2016, time=2016-11-23, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-11-24 虈亣靌

    讲的好学习了

    0

  9. 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topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20161224/IMG585DA5E26B9F44696.jpg, createdBy=565a98798, createdName=susice, createdTime=Wed Nov 23 19:57:22 CST 2016, time=2016-11-23, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-11-24 ren1mw

    新观点,新视野,新思路。谢谢分享

    0

  10. 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topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20161224/IMG585DA5E26B9F44696.jpg, createdBy=565a98798, createdName=susice, createdTime=Wed Nov 23 19:57:22 CST 2016, time=2016-11-23, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-11-23 susice

    糖化也应列入健康体检的范畴

    0

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背景:糖尿病前期和糖尿病的患者形成大血管并发症的风险增加,包括心脏病和卒中;这是导致全球死亡的主要原因。本研究的目的是评估糖尿病前期和糖尿病的患病率,并探讨佛罗里达州18年以上成人中的预测因子。方法:数据从佛罗里达州的行为危险因素监测系统(BRFSS)获得,时间为2013年1月至12月。调查研究由Stata 13.1中SVYSEY设计。描述性分析,评估糖尿病前期和糖尿病患者的发生率。应用多元回归模

J Am Board Fam Med:糖尿病前期的诊断及治疗

糖尿病的患病率逐渐升高并成为威胁人类健康的主要问题之一,因此糖尿病前期的诊断及治疗有助于预防或延缓糖尿病的起病。研究人员从2012年全国非卧床病人医疗护理调查(NAMCS)中选取了年龄≥45岁、未诊断为糖尿病、90天内检测过HbA1c的患者进行随访。按HbA1c的结果分为正常、糖尿病前期和糖尿病,并收集患者的个人信息,包括年龄、性别、纳税人类型、种族、BMI等,以及关于糖尿病前期的治疗。研究结果显

Ann Fam Med:BMI正常范围内的糖尿病前期和腹型肥胖率大幅增加

近期发表在Annals of Family Medicine的数据显示,从1988到2012年,健康体重范围内的糖尿病前期和腹部肥胖率大幅增加。盖恩斯维尔佛罗里达大学的Arch G. Mainous III博士对1988-1994年和1999-2012年的全国健康和营养调查(NHANES)进行了分析,探究健康体重成年人的糖尿病前期和腹部肥胖率。研究人员集中研究≥20岁BMI在18.5-24.99,

J Clin Endocrinol Metab:PDE5抑制剂可改善糖尿病前期患者胰岛素敏感性

一项新的研究发现勃起功能障碍药物西地那非(伟哥)改善糖尿病前期患者的胰岛素敏感性和内皮功能标志物状态。研究结果11月18日在线发表在Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism。

J Clin Periodontol:糖尿病前期以及控制良好的糖尿病与牙周病不存在相关关系

J Clin Periodontol:糖尿病前期以及控制良好的糖尿病与牙周病不存在相关关系关键词:糖尿病前期 糖尿病 牙周病 牙周炎 牙周附着丧失 无牙颌 高血糖 血糖紊乱 总所周知,糖尿病和牙周炎之间具有双向关系,牙周炎可以影响机体血糖控制,糖尿病又会影响机体的牙周状态。但是很少有研究关于糖尿病前期以及控制良好的糖尿病与牙周炎之间的关系。糖尿病前期是指介于糖尿病和正常血糖之间的一种状态,被认为是

全新中美糖尿病诊治指南中关于心血管事件相关内容的解读

糖尿病是当前威胁全球人类健康最重要的慢性非传染性疾病之一,多项全国多中心流行病学研究已证实我国成人糖尿病患病率高达 9% 以上,糖尿病可能比我们预想的发展更快,已经成为我国重大公共卫生问题。大量流行病学研究显示,糖尿病是心血管疾病的独立危险因素,糖尿病患者是心血管疾病的高危人群。在糖尿病诊断后的 20 年,糖尿病血管并发症将相继发生,治疗费用占全

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