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头痛、头晕伴恶心10余天....

2019-11-29 不详 影像园

头痛、头晕伴恶心10余天

【所属科室】

神经外科

【基本资料】

患者,男,41岁

【主诉】

头痛、头晕伴恶心10余天

【现病史】

患者于10天前出现头痛、头晕,症状持续不缓解,严重时伴有恶心,无呕吐,无抽搐及尿便失禁。

【影像图片】















【影像表现】

右侧额叶见结节状稍短T1稍短T2信号,病灶中心可见点状长T1长T2信号,病灶周围见水肿信号,DWI呈低信号,增强扫描病灶呈高信号,可见 “蒂状”引流血管影(红箭头)
 
【本例分析】

右侧额叶见结节状稍短T1稍短T2信号(提示急性出血),病灶中心可见点状长T1长T2信号(提示血管畸形成分),病灶周围见水肿信号,DWI呈低信号,增强扫描病灶呈高信号,可见 “蒂状”引流血管影,考虑血管畸形伴急性出血,病灶体积较小,无明显供血血管,首先考虑到海绵状血管瘤。
 
【结果】

手术记录:核磁导航下确定病变位置,占位性病变位于颅底脑表处,呈淡红色,类圆形,质地韧,与周围脑组织边界尚清,血运中等,其周边脑组织明显黄化。
病理诊断:(脑)海绵状血管瘤伴出血



【病例小结】

海绵状血管瘤(cavernousangioma)并非真正的肿瘤,而是一种先天性脑血管发育异常,临床上较常见,可发生于脑内的任何部位,80%发生于幕上,以额颞叶为最常见部位,其次为脑白质深部、皮髓质交界区、基底节区;20%发生于幕下,以桥脑和小脑半球多见。50%以上多发,脊髓海绵状血管瘤常伴有脑内海绵状血管瘤。颅内脑外海绵状血管瘤较少见,中年女性多见,多发生于鞍区。海绵状血管瘤由缺乏肌层和弹力层、衬以内皮的紧密结合在一起的海绵状血窦构成,血窦间无正常神经组织,病灶内可见到不同时期的出血,血窦内有凝固和半凝固的血块,有的呈层状附着在窦壁上,并呈不同程度的机化、钙化、甚至骨化。

MRI表现:脑内海绵状血管瘤几乎全有瘤内出血表现,亚急性或慢性渗血为脑内海绵状血管瘤的特征表现。在常规MRI序列上常表现为边界清楚的混杂信号病灶,病灶周围一般都围以一圈含铁血黄素造成的低信号带,此低信号带以对磁化率效应较敏感的成像序列T2WI明显,这使病灶呈“爆米花”状,极具特征性,合并急性出血这此征象可不见。

鉴别诊断:1、转移瘤,老年人多见,需要原发病史,可伴急性出血但往往多发,但无引流血管影。2、AVM,体积较大,单发多见,可见混杂血管团及引流血管(表现为混杂信号),供血血管可见或不见。3、静脉畸形,单发多见,可见引流静脉至邻近的静脉窦或静脉,远端增强扫描呈海蛇头改变,出血少见,部分可合并海绵状血管瘤。

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    2019-12-01 qjzhai1623

    学习

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=376134, encodeId=1b3a3e61340b, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=102, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/AiafG5m7kibldQyTnpaQicxg1rnBqFdIGgQBJJs4lR8ibmh91PibzgL7R7pl2HSBjgFeeKRV0mMCvDh49LrgJPCYYvA/132, createdBy=abc91707732, createdName=qjzhai1623, createdTime=Sun Dec 01 18:15:25 CST 2019, time=2019-12-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=376057, encodeId=68d43e605775, content=很好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=120, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJCnEwkGg0k9tsE0rNuswlgKxcktKfv06pUgoicygoOMtf9SKkXiaCaiaDyaZz5EZa4S6ibN06a8aytBg/0, createdBy=afb62082720, createdName=1501f286cdm, createdTime=Sun Dec 01 11:05:44 CST 2019, time=2019-12-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1284833, encodeId=57f91284833ab, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=16134436817' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#头晕#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=44368, encryptionId=16134436817, topicName=头晕)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=917c196, createdName=sjzlzc007, createdTime=Sun Dec 01 04:19:00 CST 2019, time=2019-12-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1396582, encodeId=b621139658268, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3497528842b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#恶心#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=52884, encryptionId=3497528842b, topicName=恶心)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4dfa37, createdName=智者为医08, createdTime=Sun Dec 01 04:19:00 CST 2019, time=2019-12-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-12-01 1501f286cdm

    很好

    0

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    2019-12-01 sjzlzc007
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