Baidu
map

盘点:2018年2月Gastroenterology研究精选——食道疾病特刊

2018-02-05 zhangfan MedSci原创

2018年2月Gastroenterology研究精选——食道疾病特刊



【1】胃食管反流病的流行病学


胃食管反流病(GERD)是美国最常见的胃肠道疾病,发病率很高,但相关死亡率很低。自1999年以来,GERD的发病率呈上升趋势。GERD的危险因素包括高龄、男性、白人种族、腹部肥胖和吸烟。大部分患者存在胃灼热和反流敏感的症状。GERD患者出现吞咽困难被认为是一种恶化症状,需进行进一步的评估。临床实践中GERD的症状与嗜酸细胞性食管炎、功能性消化不良和胃轻瘫存在重叠,给病人的治疗带来了挑战。

【2】胃食管反流病治疗进展


对于无恶化症状的胃食管反流病(GERD)患者,治疗通常从经验性的质子泵抑制剂(PPI)和生活方式改善开始。提高PPI治疗的依从性、治疗时间或剂量加倍可以减少疾病症状。对于持续性症状患者可通过内镜检查和食管生理检查进行深入评估,以更好地确定疾病表型并优化治疗方案。大部分患者可以从腹腔镜下胃底折叠术、磁性括约肌扩张术和内镜治疗中受益。对于GERD伴其他功能性疾病患者,神经调节剂(是抗抑郁药)或心理干预(心理治疗、催眠治疗、认知和行为治疗)也可以获得较好的效果。正处于研究阶段的GERD治疗方法包括钾竞争性酸阻滞剂、反流还原剂、胆汁酸结合剂、食管胃连接处惰性物质注射和食管括约肌电刺激等。

【3】嗜酸粒细胞性食管炎的诊断和治疗


嗜酸粒细胞性食管炎(EoE)是一种新型疾病,是II型辅助T细胞与食管粘膜食物抗原作用导致的特定免疫性疾病。EoE尚无确切的疾病标准,其诊断往往依赖一系列人口学、临床、内镜和组织学特征。儿童EoE患者往往存在炎症和内镜病变,而青少年和成人患者则有纤维化和严重食管狭窄特征。临床和内窥镜评分系统有助于EoE诊断标准化。现阶段的EoE研究中,对于治疗最佳终点的选择存在争议,最常用的治疗终点是活检嗜酸性粒细胞减少,但症状和内镜特征改变正成为重要的治疗终点。

【4】食管腺癌流行病学研究


近年来,许多西方国家食管腺癌(EAC)的发病率有所增加,男性疾病风险高于女性。EAC风险因素主要包括胃食管反流病,巴雷特食管,肥胖和吸烟,除戒烟外,其他风险因素干预对降低EAC风险的效果仍无明确结论。饮酒与EAC风险无关,但其他因素,如体力活动、营养和药物使用对EAC的影响仍需进一步研究。基因变异与EAC风险有关,但影响很低。各个EAC亚型与风险因素之间的关系尚不明确。现阶段EAC患者预后略有改善,但仍然较差,高危人群进行筛查和监测是降低EAC发病,减少死亡率的重要方法。

【5】早期食管癌诊断及治疗方案


内镜对食管癌的早期诊断和治疗十分重要,但由于早期症状特征不显著,大部分患者内镜检查并不及时。大部分患者出现吞咽困难后才进行检查,而吞咽困难往往是疾病晚期的显著症状,晚期患者的5年生存率不足15%。大规模的内镜筛查并不符合成本效益,成像和细胞分析技术对于早期食管癌的筛查效果尚不清楚。过去10年间,内镜诊断和异型增生治疗取得了显著进步,随机对照试验证实切除和消融技术可显著改善早期食管癌患者预后。

【6】食管腺癌或鳞癌的治疗进展


食管癌的特点是早期和频繁转移,手术是疾病早期的重要治疗手段,而局部晚期患者在围手术期需进行化疗或放射治疗。未经手术的鳞状细胞癌患者可以接受化学或放射治疗,这取决于治疗反应和病人对后续手术的耐受性。氟嘧啶和铂类药物是一线化疗手段,紫杉烷和伊立替康为二线治疗方法。Erb-B2受体酪氨酸激酶2 (ERBB2或HER2)或血管内皮生长因子抑制剂,包括trastuzumab, ramucirumab以及 apatinib等靶向治疗可极大的改善治疗响应和生存期。食管腺癌与肿瘤蛋白p53突变,酪氨酸激酶相关受体激活突变、血管内皮生长因子和细胞周期通路相关,而食管鳞状细胞癌突变特征则更为复杂。食道癌与肿瘤免疫反应逃逸相关,但免疫检查点抑制剂对食道肿瘤的效果仍需进一步的研究。

版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (5)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2064318, encodeId=6dc2206431828, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=94ffe853a7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Gastroenterol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7853, encryptionId=94ffe853a7, topicName=Gastroenterol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0bed488, createdName=jktdtl, createdTime=Fri Feb 23 04:12:00 CST 2018, time=2018-02-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1711375, encodeId=0eb31e1137554, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9a1c289680' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#AST#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2896, encryptionId=9a1c289680, topicName=AST)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8b9831894722, createdName=ms24272190615788285182, createdTime=Sat Dec 22 07:12:00 CST 2018, time=2018-12-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2072069, encodeId=785c20e2069d7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9d4ee84647' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#GAS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7846, encryptionId=9d4ee84647, topicName=GAS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e2dd327, createdName=许安, createdTime=Tue Aug 28 07:12:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=288214, encodeId=2bf728821443, content=非常好的文章.学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7LIiaRZTzJ3SEfiauCzTMPW7YvPPYLNJBXG9oh6Al1icq2VQQkIHWxqXehcicTS62YKJVBhxeth3wggw/0, createdBy=7ce01621306, createdName=天涯183, createdTime=Thu Feb 15 18:33:01 CST 2018, time=2018-02-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1504375, encodeId=f2b415043e55f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7730e85412' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Gastroenterology#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7854, encryptionId=7730e85412, topicName=Gastroenterology)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5fc29706655, createdName=chaojitidian, createdTime=Wed Feb 07 05:12:00 CST 2018, time=2018-02-07, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2064318, encodeId=6dc2206431828, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=94ffe853a7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Gastroenterol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7853, encryptionId=94ffe853a7, topicName=Gastroenterol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0bed488, createdName=jktdtl, createdTime=Fri Feb 23 04:12:00 CST 2018, time=2018-02-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1711375, encodeId=0eb31e1137554, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9a1c289680' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#AST#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2896, encryptionId=9a1c289680, topicName=AST)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8b9831894722, createdName=ms24272190615788285182, createdTime=Sat Dec 22 07:12:00 CST 2018, time=2018-12-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2072069, encodeId=785c20e2069d7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9d4ee84647' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#GAS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7846, encryptionId=9d4ee84647, topicName=GAS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e2dd327, createdName=许安, createdTime=Tue Aug 28 07:12:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=288214, encodeId=2bf728821443, content=非常好的文章.学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7LIiaRZTzJ3SEfiauCzTMPW7YvPPYLNJBXG9oh6Al1icq2VQQkIHWxqXehcicTS62YKJVBhxeth3wggw/0, createdBy=7ce01621306, createdName=天涯183, createdTime=Thu Feb 15 18:33:01 CST 2018, time=2018-02-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1504375, encodeId=f2b415043e55f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7730e85412' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Gastroenterology#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7854, encryptionId=7730e85412, topicName=Gastroenterology)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5fc29706655, createdName=chaojitidian, createdTime=Wed Feb 07 05:12:00 CST 2018, time=2018-02-07, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2064318, encodeId=6dc2206431828, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=94ffe853a7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Gastroenterol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7853, encryptionId=94ffe853a7, topicName=Gastroenterol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0bed488, createdName=jktdtl, createdTime=Fri Feb 23 04:12:00 CST 2018, time=2018-02-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1711375, encodeId=0eb31e1137554, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9a1c289680' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#AST#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2896, encryptionId=9a1c289680, topicName=AST)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8b9831894722, createdName=ms24272190615788285182, createdTime=Sat Dec 22 07:12:00 CST 2018, time=2018-12-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2072069, encodeId=785c20e2069d7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9d4ee84647' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#GAS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7846, encryptionId=9d4ee84647, topicName=GAS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e2dd327, createdName=许安, createdTime=Tue Aug 28 07:12:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=288214, encodeId=2bf728821443, content=非常好的文章.学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7LIiaRZTzJ3SEfiauCzTMPW7YvPPYLNJBXG9oh6Al1icq2VQQkIHWxqXehcicTS62YKJVBhxeth3wggw/0, createdBy=7ce01621306, createdName=天涯183, createdTime=Thu Feb 15 18:33:01 CST 2018, time=2018-02-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1504375, encodeId=f2b415043e55f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7730e85412' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Gastroenterology#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7854, encryptionId=7730e85412, topicName=Gastroenterology)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5fc29706655, createdName=chaojitidian, createdTime=Wed Feb 07 05:12:00 CST 2018, time=2018-02-07, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-08-28 许安
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2064318, encodeId=6dc2206431828, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=94ffe853a7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Gastroenterol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7853, encryptionId=94ffe853a7, topicName=Gastroenterol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0bed488, createdName=jktdtl, createdTime=Fri Feb 23 04:12:00 CST 2018, time=2018-02-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1711375, encodeId=0eb31e1137554, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9a1c289680' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#AST#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2896, encryptionId=9a1c289680, topicName=AST)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8b9831894722, createdName=ms24272190615788285182, createdTime=Sat Dec 22 07:12:00 CST 2018, time=2018-12-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2072069, encodeId=785c20e2069d7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9d4ee84647' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#GAS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7846, encryptionId=9d4ee84647, topicName=GAS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e2dd327, createdName=许安, createdTime=Tue Aug 28 07:12:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=288214, encodeId=2bf728821443, content=非常好的文章.学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7LIiaRZTzJ3SEfiauCzTMPW7YvPPYLNJBXG9oh6Al1icq2VQQkIHWxqXehcicTS62YKJVBhxeth3wggw/0, createdBy=7ce01621306, createdName=天涯183, createdTime=Thu Feb 15 18:33:01 CST 2018, time=2018-02-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1504375, encodeId=f2b415043e55f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7730e85412' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Gastroenterology#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7854, encryptionId=7730e85412, topicName=Gastroenterology)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5fc29706655, createdName=chaojitidian, createdTime=Wed Feb 07 05:12:00 CST 2018, time=2018-02-07, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-02-15 天涯183

    非常好的文章.学习了

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2064318, encodeId=6dc2206431828, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=94ffe853a7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Gastroenterol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7853, encryptionId=94ffe853a7, topicName=Gastroenterol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0bed488, createdName=jktdtl, createdTime=Fri Feb 23 04:12:00 CST 2018, time=2018-02-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1711375, encodeId=0eb31e1137554, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9a1c289680' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#AST#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2896, encryptionId=9a1c289680, topicName=AST)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8b9831894722, createdName=ms24272190615788285182, createdTime=Sat Dec 22 07:12:00 CST 2018, time=2018-12-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2072069, encodeId=785c20e2069d7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9d4ee84647' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#GAS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7846, encryptionId=9d4ee84647, topicName=GAS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e2dd327, createdName=许安, createdTime=Tue Aug 28 07:12:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=288214, encodeId=2bf728821443, content=非常好的文章.学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7LIiaRZTzJ3SEfiauCzTMPW7YvPPYLNJBXG9oh6Al1icq2VQQkIHWxqXehcicTS62YKJVBhxeth3wggw/0, createdBy=7ce01621306, createdName=天涯183, createdTime=Thu Feb 15 18:33:01 CST 2018, time=2018-02-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1504375, encodeId=f2b415043e55f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7730e85412' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Gastroenterology#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7854, encryptionId=7730e85412, topicName=Gastroenterology)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5fc29706655, createdName=chaojitidian, createdTime=Wed Feb 07 05:12:00 CST 2018, time=2018-02-07, status=1, ipAttribution=)]

相关资讯

盘点:2017年9月刊Gastroenterology研究精选

【盘点】2017年9月刊Gastroenterology研究精选

盘点:2017年12月研究Gastroenterology精选

2017年12月研究Gastroenterology精选

盘点:2018年1月Gastroenterology研究精选

2018年1月Gastroenterology研究精选

盘点:2017年10月Gastroenterology研究精选

2017年10月Gastroenterology研究精选

盘点:2017年11月Gastroenterology研究精选

2017年11月Gastroenterology研究精选

盘点:8月Gastroenterology研究精选

8月Gastroenterology研究精选

Baidu
map
Baidu
map
Baidu
map