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PNAS:创新性软件或可鉴别出癌症转移及肿瘤进化的过程

2016-09-13 佚名 生物谷

图片来源:medicalxpress.com 肿瘤内的单个细胞或许并不一样,这可能听起来像一个现代医学真理一样,但在不久之前肿瘤学家推测,对患者肿瘤组织的单一活组织检查或许能够精确反映肿瘤组织的生理学和遗传组成特性。如今一项发表在国际杂志Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences上的研究报告中,来自宾夕法尼亚大学的研究者慢慢开始意识到癌

图片来源:medicalxpress.com

肿瘤内的单个细胞或许并不一样,这可能听起来像一个现代医学真理一样,但在不久之前肿瘤学家推测,对患者肿瘤组织的单一活组织检查或许能够精确反映肿瘤组织的生理学和遗传组成特性。如今一项发表在国际杂志Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences上的研究报告中,来自宾夕法尼亚大学的研究者慢慢开始意识到癌症或许是由一种生存驱动力来诱发的,而这种生存驱动力正是达尔文提出的驱动生物进化的一种力量,对于肿瘤而言,随着肿瘤不同阶段的进展,单个细胞就会持续不断进化,而诱发转移的癌细胞往往是引发患者致命的主要原因。

在相同癌症类型的患者机体中,其肿瘤组织或许并不相同,因此临床医生如何针对患者个体来制定个体化疗法呢?为了解决这个难题,研究者们通过调查两种类型的突变:体拷贝数变化(somatic copy number alterations)和单一核苷酸变化(single-nucleotide alterations)来推断肿瘤细胞的进化轨迹,这两种突变均来自单一患者的多个样本组织中,随后研究者对白血病卵巢癌乳腺癌细胞系的样本也进行了相同的研究,他们指出,涉及所有类型突变积累的肿瘤的进化过程或许会影响肿瘤细胞的适合度。

研究者Yuchao Jiang博士指出,对于一个既定的患者而言,肿瘤的组成通常是多个不同细胞群体的混合物,这些细胞群体在遗传组成、基因表达及生理学特性上并不相同,而这种异质性往往会造成癌症靶向疗法的失败以及药物耐受性的产生,而过去科学家们则认为肿瘤具有一定的同源性。文章中研究者利用了一种名为Canopy的开放源软件,该软件考虑到了肿瘤间的差异性,其能够利用相同肿瘤组织多个层面的研究数据,即相当于在同一个时间在同一个地点进行采样,这种方法通常较多应用于测序研究中。研究人员可以利用该软件在对药物耐受性和恶性侵袭性的肿瘤样本组织的不同癌细胞群体中鉴别出潜在的生物标志物。

研究者指出,输入到Canopy软件中的临床数据来源于相同患者的组织样本数据,此外,该软件还能够被用来推断出肿瘤的进化历史从而帮助更好地理解肿瘤的进化,并且帮助科学家寻找新型的生物标志物,Canopy软件的目的就是帮助早期阶段的癌症患者,利用生物标志物来对患者进行准确的诊断以及预后指导。

当然,研究人员还利用动物模型来优化他们对乳腺癌转移模型的理解,当将人类乳腺癌细胞注射到小鼠机体后,研究者就开始观察原始的乳腺癌细胞会转移到小鼠机体的哪些地方—肺部、骨骼还是其他组织中,位点特异性的转移性样本以及原发性的癌细胞系都能够被全外显子组测序进行测定;而通过Canopy软件重建关系则表明,相比原发性的乳腺癌细胞系而言,来自不同器官的转移性样本或许有着不同的基因型模式,Canopy缩减别的转移性位点特异性突变能够同特殊的转移性乳腺癌细胞系相对应,这一概念验证研究背后得出的结论就能够被用于更多大型研究中去来帮助科学家们鉴别基因组的改变,以此来作为癌症远距离转移发生的指示标志物。

通过分派制定肿瘤进化树不同部分的突变类型,肿瘤学家就能够预测肿瘤转移的位点和严重性,以及疗法的潜在效益,将Canopy软件应用于大型的组织样本梯队研究中或许也是未来研究者的一个研究方向。研究者Zhang表示,近来对单细胞测序领域的研究进展或许就能够帮助研究者们在单细胞水平下对肿瘤进行深入研究,然而通过单细胞测序所得到的的拷贝数和单个核苷酸突变的特性分析研究或许目前还处于初级阶段,我们的研究工作表明,如果研究人员愿意对组织的多个片层进行测序的话,那么传统的大容量测序久能够对肿瘤亚克隆进行准确地鉴定,而且在接下来几年里,大块组织测序对于理解肿瘤的异质性或许非常重要,当然将大块组织测序同单细胞分析技术进行结合的实验性方法似乎需要科学家们后期进行开发,来帮助对肿瘤进行更深一步的分析。

原始出处

Yuchao Jianga,b, Yu Qiuc,d,e,f, Andy J. Minnc,d,e,f, and Nancy R. Zhangb,1.Assessing intratumor heterogeneity and tracking longitudinal and spatial clonal evolutionary history by next-generation sequencing.PNAS.2016

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    2017-04-02 drwjr
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    2016-09-15 lilianxiang
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1855878, encodeId=0f2618558e8c6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f32014428fc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PNAS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14428, encryptionId=f32014428fc, topicName=PNAS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=08e964, createdName=drwjr, createdTime=Sun Apr 02 06:57:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1285281, encodeId=7158128528196, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=77903209422' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#创新#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=32094, encryptionId=77903209422, topicName=创新)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=512a199, createdName=lilianxiang, createdTime=Thu Sep 15 01:57:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1379090, encodeId=de8c13e90902d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e185e14882c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌症转移#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71488, encryptionId=e185e14882c, topicName=癌症转移)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=50ba440, createdName=xirongguo, createdTime=Thu Sep 15 01:57:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=126643, encodeId=f85b12664302, content=学习了,赞一个!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160905/IMG57CD39B82D12E7926.jpg, createdBy=ac2c1946830, createdName=青龙偃月, createdTime=Wed Sep 14 14:13:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=126644, encodeId=04af1266443a, content=学习了,赞一个!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160905/IMG57CD39B82D12E7926.jpg, createdBy=ac2c1946830, createdName=青龙偃月, createdTime=Wed Sep 14 14:13:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=126213, encodeId=393c126213a4, content=学习了,赞一个!!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfNLvzZhgPxRuUXgacXpPeW0x8Z3Qr9c3I2kTic4ZIpR29iaftYgkjRcbv982icYMtqANBPYBgPnOia6mVtX76qMXuc/0, createdBy=ebe61630855, createdName=1dd8a7c5m95(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Sep 14 09:37:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=126031, encodeId=1638126031d5, content=学习了,赞一个!!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfNLvzZhgPxRuUXgacXpPeW0x8Z3Qr9c3I2kTic4ZIpR29iaftYgkjRcbv982icYMtqANBPYBgPnOia6mVtX76qMXuc/0, createdBy=ebe61630855, createdName=1dd8a7c5m95(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Sep 14 08:07:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=125103, encodeId=cbd8125103b8, content=值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzfPkmqRTH5rHib5mcib8Wb3QdXjhfOK1UubQL2lictjJFdFJ6Lc3cnnCOSWqxXZ4Kk6y5GdzDoy764R/0, createdBy=156e1644785, createdName=doctorJiangchao, createdTime=Tue Sep 13 12:07:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=125104, encodeId=7f21125104b7, content=继续学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzfPkmqRTH5rHib5mcib8Wb3QdXjhfOK1UubQL2lictjJFdFJ6Lc3cnnCOSWqxXZ4Kk6y5GdzDoy764R/0, createdBy=156e1644785, createdName=doctorJiangchao, createdTime=Tue Sep 13 12:07:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1855878, encodeId=0f2618558e8c6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f32014428fc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PNAS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14428, encryptionId=f32014428fc, topicName=PNAS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=08e964, createdName=drwjr, createdTime=Sun Apr 02 06:57:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1285281, encodeId=7158128528196, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=77903209422' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#创新#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=32094, encryptionId=77903209422, topicName=创新)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=512a199, createdName=lilianxiang, createdTime=Thu Sep 15 01:57:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1379090, encodeId=de8c13e90902d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e185e14882c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌症转移#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71488, encryptionId=e185e14882c, topicName=癌症转移)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=50ba440, createdName=xirongguo, createdTime=Thu Sep 15 01:57:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=126643, encodeId=f85b12664302, content=学习了,赞一个!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160905/IMG57CD39B82D12E7926.jpg, createdBy=ac2c1946830, createdName=青龙偃月, createdTime=Wed Sep 14 14:13:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=126644, encodeId=04af1266443a, content=学习了,赞一个!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160905/IMG57CD39B82D12E7926.jpg, createdBy=ac2c1946830, createdName=青龙偃月, createdTime=Wed Sep 14 14:13:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=126213, encodeId=393c126213a4, content=学习了,赞一个!!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfNLvzZhgPxRuUXgacXpPeW0x8Z3Qr9c3I2kTic4ZIpR29iaftYgkjRcbv982icYMtqANBPYBgPnOia6mVtX76qMXuc/0, createdBy=ebe61630855, createdName=1dd8a7c5m95(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Sep 14 09:37:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=126031, encodeId=1638126031d5, content=学习了,赞一个!!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfNLvzZhgPxRuUXgacXpPeW0x8Z3Qr9c3I2kTic4ZIpR29iaftYgkjRcbv982icYMtqANBPYBgPnOia6mVtX76qMXuc/0, createdBy=ebe61630855, createdName=1dd8a7c5m95(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Sep 14 08:07:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=125103, encodeId=cbd8125103b8, content=值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzfPkmqRTH5rHib5mcib8Wb3QdXjhfOK1UubQL2lictjJFdFJ6Lc3cnnCOSWqxXZ4Kk6y5GdzDoy764R/0, createdBy=156e1644785, createdName=doctorJiangchao, createdTime=Tue Sep 13 12:07:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=125104, encodeId=7f21125104b7, content=继续学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzfPkmqRTH5rHib5mcib8Wb3QdXjhfOK1UubQL2lictjJFdFJ6Lc3cnnCOSWqxXZ4Kk6y5GdzDoy764R/0, createdBy=156e1644785, createdName=doctorJiangchao, createdTime=Tue Sep 13 12:07:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-09-14 青龙偃月

    学习了,赞一个!

    0

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    2016-09-14 青龙偃月

    学习了,赞一个!

    0

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    2016-09-14 1dd8a7c5m95(暂无匿称)

    学习了,赞一个!!!

    0

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    2016-09-14 1dd8a7c5m95(暂无匿称)

    学习了,赞一个!!!

    0

  8. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1855878, encodeId=0f2618558e8c6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f32014428fc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PNAS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14428, encryptionId=f32014428fc, topicName=PNAS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=08e964, createdName=drwjr, createdTime=Sun Apr 02 06:57:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1285281, encodeId=7158128528196, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=77903209422' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#创新#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=32094, encryptionId=77903209422, topicName=创新)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=512a199, createdName=lilianxiang, createdTime=Thu Sep 15 01:57:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1379090, encodeId=de8c13e90902d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e185e14882c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌症转移#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71488, encryptionId=e185e14882c, topicName=癌症转移)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=50ba440, createdName=xirongguo, createdTime=Thu Sep 15 01:57:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=126643, encodeId=f85b12664302, content=学习了,赞一个!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160905/IMG57CD39B82D12E7926.jpg, createdBy=ac2c1946830, createdName=青龙偃月, createdTime=Wed Sep 14 14:13:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=126644, encodeId=04af1266443a, content=学习了,赞一个!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160905/IMG57CD39B82D12E7926.jpg, createdBy=ac2c1946830, createdName=青龙偃月, createdTime=Wed Sep 14 14:13:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=126213, encodeId=393c126213a4, content=学习了,赞一个!!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfNLvzZhgPxRuUXgacXpPeW0x8Z3Qr9c3I2kTic4ZIpR29iaftYgkjRcbv982icYMtqANBPYBgPnOia6mVtX76qMXuc/0, createdBy=ebe61630855, createdName=1dd8a7c5m95(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Sep 14 09:37:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=126031, encodeId=1638126031d5, content=学习了,赞一个!!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfNLvzZhgPxRuUXgacXpPeW0x8Z3Qr9c3I2kTic4ZIpR29iaftYgkjRcbv982icYMtqANBPYBgPnOia6mVtX76qMXuc/0, createdBy=ebe61630855, createdName=1dd8a7c5m95(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Sep 14 08:07:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=125103, encodeId=cbd8125103b8, content=值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzfPkmqRTH5rHib5mcib8Wb3QdXjhfOK1UubQL2lictjJFdFJ6Lc3cnnCOSWqxXZ4Kk6y5GdzDoy764R/0, createdBy=156e1644785, createdName=doctorJiangchao, createdTime=Tue Sep 13 12:07:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=125104, encodeId=7f21125104b7, content=继续学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzfPkmqRTH5rHib5mcib8Wb3QdXjhfOK1UubQL2lictjJFdFJ6Lc3cnnCOSWqxXZ4Kk6y5GdzDoy764R/0, createdBy=156e1644785, createdName=doctorJiangchao, createdTime=Tue Sep 13 12:07:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-09-13 doctorJiangchao

    值得收藏

    0

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    2016-09-13 doctorJiangchao

    继续学习

    0

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癌细胞借助转移过程离开原位肿瘤,扩散到身体其他部位,这是超过90%癌症死亡的重要原因。因此现在急需为受到癌症转移折磨的病人找到更好的治疗选择。最近来自美国的科学家们在癌症转移过程中找到了癌细胞内发生的一些信号途径变化,该研究为开发阻断癌细胞转移的新方法提供了新方向。 相关研究结果发表在国际学术期刊Cell Death and Differentiation上。 研究人员专门研究了Ras

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癌症的恶化,即癌细胞在体内扩散,是临床上癌症致死的最主要的原因(90%),同时,这一现象也是临床治疗中面临的最大的问题。目前我们已经清楚的是:癌症的恶化需要摆脱caspase引导的细胞凋亡效应。"失巢凋亡"指的是组织在历来其赖以生存的基质环境之后发生的凋亡现象。癌细胞不仅要摆脱"失巢凋亡"的影响,还需要发生必要的基因突变来摆脱其他形式的细胞死亡。这些代谢上的突变包括ATP的合成,活性氧水平的提升,

J Cell Biol:驱动癌症转移的新机制

根据蒙特利尔神经学研究所和麦吉尔大学研究员完成的一项新的研究发现:一种在人类细胞中普遍存在的蛋白质可能是一个重要开关,能激活癌细胞转移。到目前为止,这一重要的发现在很大程度上被忽略。这一蛋白质作用的发现,显著扩展了我们对上皮癌如乳腺癌和肺癌的认识。 该研究发现了DENND2B蛋白质的功能。在儿童发育过程中,DENND2B可能对细胞的正常迁移有作用。在成人中,细胞迁移大大降低,但在癌症的情况下

盘点:聚焦癌症转移机制基础研究

癌症的恶化,即癌细胞在体内扩散,是临床上癌症致死的最主要的原因(90%),同时,这一现象也是临床治疗中面临的最大的问题。随着癌症转移领域研究的深入,科学家们慢慢发现循环肿瘤细胞在癌症转移过程中发挥着至关重要的角色,而循环肿瘤细胞(CTC,Circulating Tumor Cell)是存在于机体外周血中的各类肿瘤细胞的统称。1869年,澳大利亚研究者Ashworth首次提出循环肿瘤细胞(CTC

STM:科学家利用纳米颗粒揭示癌症的转移机制

近日,刊登于国际杂志Science Translational Medicine上的一项研究论文中,来自纪念斯隆凯特琳癌症中心的研究人员通过研究鉴别出了一种新型策略,其可以将药物靶向特异性作用于癌症位点,包括转移性肿瘤等;文章中,研究者设计了一种纳米颗粒来模拟肿瘤自身在机体全身的转移机制,而且这种新型纳米颗粒适用于一系列类型的肿瘤和药物,同时也可以用于自身免疫疾病和血管疾病中。转移性肿瘤是引发90

Nature:再证明食用抗氧化剂会促进癌症转移

                                (图片来源:美国德州大学西南医学中心)   来自美国德州大学西南医学中心儿童研究所的研究人员进行了一项研究,他们发现相比于正常细胞,癌细胞从抗氧化物得到的获益

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