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BMJ:有力证据!高水平维生素D或能降低患癌风险

2018-06-19 风铃 生物探索

不久前,发表在BMJ上的一篇论文证实,一项针对日本成年人的大型研究发现,高水平的维生素D可能与患癌(包括肝癌)风险降低有关。本周,又有新成果证明了血液中的维生素D水平与患癌风险之间的关联!

6月14日,发表在Journal of the National Cancer Institute杂志上题为"Circulating Vitamin D and Colorectal Cancer Risk: An International Pooling Project of 17 Cohorts"的研究中,来自美国癌症协会、哈佛大学陈曾熙公共卫生学院等机构的科学家们发现,较高的循环维生素D浓度与结直肠癌风险降低显着相关。

维生素D可由皮肤被阳光照射产生,有助于维持体内的钙水平,从而使骨骼、牙齿和肌肉保持健康。近年来,越来越多的证据表明,维生素D可能对其他慢性疾病(包括某些癌症)有好处。

先前,科学家们提出的假设是,维生素D可通过多种与细胞生长和调节相关的通路降低患结直肠癌的风险。不过,对于高浓度的循环25-羟基维生素D(25-hydroxyvitamin D)是否与患结直肠癌的风险降低有关,之前的前瞻性研究得出的结果是不一致的。此外,迄今完成的少数几个关于维生素D补充剂和结直肠癌的随机临床试验也尚未证明两者之间的关联。



Credit: CC0 Public Domain

为了解决先前研究的"不一致性",新研究中,科学家们利用标准化的条件(standardized criteria)分析了来自17个前瞻性队列研究的参与者的维生素D水平数据(participant-level data,收集于被诊断为结直肠癌之前)。分析共涉及了来自美国、欧洲和亚洲的5700多例结直肠癌病例以及7100名对照。

结果显示,随访期间(平均为5.5年),与那些循环维生素D浓度足以保证骨骼健康的参与者相比,维生素D浓度不足的参与者患结直肠癌的风险增加了31%。而循环维生素D浓度高于骨骼健康所需浓度则与"患结直肠癌的风险降低22%"有关。即使在调整了已知的结直肠癌风险因素后,这些关联仍然存在。

论文共同第一作者Marji L. McCullough说:"目前,卫生机构并不推荐用维生素D预防结直肠癌,但这项研究增加了一些可供这些机构使用的新信息。此外,研究表明,推荐用于保证骨骼健康的维生素D浓度可能低于用于结直肠癌预防的最佳浓度。"

维生素D可从饮食中获得,也可从补充剂中获得,还可以通过"晒太阳"获得。不过,专家建议,尽可能通过饮食来获得维生素D,因为过度的紫外线辐射是皮肤癌的主要危险因素。

原始出处:

Marjorie L McCullough, et al. Circulating Vitamin D and Colorectal Cancer Risk: An International Pooling Project of 17 Cohorts. JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, djy087, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djy087.

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    2019-05-24 sjq027
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    2019-01-06 gaoxiaoe
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    2018-06-21 lq0307

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