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J CLINI INVEST:科学家发现“打击”肺癌生长的新手段!

2017-06-15 佚名 Medicalxpress

基因p53通常作为癌症抑制剂起作用,但基因的突变型已涉及近半数人类癌症的发育和生长。现在,VCU Massey癌症中心的科学家们首次发现了一种使肺癌细胞依赖于突变型基因的机制,开辟了新的,更有效的治疗方法。


基因p53通常作为癌症抑制剂起作用,但基因的突变型已涉及近半数人类癌症的发育和生长。现在,VCU Massey癌症中心的科学家们首次发现了一种使肺癌细胞依赖于突变型基因的机制,开辟了新的,更有效的治疗方法。

每年,肺癌可以杀死比结肠癌乳腺癌和前列腺癌更多的人群。美国癌症协会估计,2017年美国将有超过22万例肺癌新病例进一步强调需要采用新的更有效的治疗方法。

Swis Palit Deb博士是Massey癌症分子遗传学研究项目的成员,也是VCU医学院生物化学和分子生物学系的副教授,领导了一个科学家团队,揭示了一种预防策略,培养细胞系中肺癌的生长以及通过阻断称为ChK1的监测蛋白的功能的小鼠模型需要增加基因组重复的成功。 Deb的发现最近发表在“临床调查杂志”上。

“p53的一些突变型,称为功能突变的增益,不仅具有松散的肿瘤抑制功能,而且可以获得致癌功能。这是首次发现的一种机制,通过这种机制,癌细胞依赖于功能突变的增益p53基因用于存活和生长,”Deb说。 “有了这个知识,我们可能可以开发新的治疗方法来杀死肺癌细胞,获得功能性p53突变,同时保护健康的组织。

研究人员发现的核心是细胞生长过程中的基因重复过程。所有细胞通过导致DNA复制和细胞分裂的循环进行,该周期的每个阶段负责准备和完成基因组复制和细胞分裂,导致细胞的两个新的拷贝。

通过研究癌细胞的基因组 - 细胞内的遗传物质 - 研究人员发现突变的p53基因产生过量的ChK1和细胞周期蛋白A蛋白。这些蛋白质有助于调节细胞周期的进展。在细胞分裂之前,我们的基因组必须从预定的位点开始复制,称为复制起点,以便为子细胞复制自身。新重复的DNA沿着产生“复制叉”的母体基因进行,并且几种监测蛋白(例如ChK1)在DNA复制完成之前防止新形成的叉塌陷。复制叉折叠时,无法完成细胞分裂,细胞死亡。

Deb说:“ChK1的抑制剂已被用于预防实验中的癌细胞生长,并已进展到临床试验,获得了有限的成功。 “我们研究的新信息是,ChK1抑制剂应该特别有效地阻止功能性p53突变增生患者的癌细胞增殖,因此,我们认为ChK1抑制剂没有被用于正确的癌症患者组。”

Deb说:“我们计划制定利用这些发现来阻止肺癌与突变型p53扩散的策略。 “而且由于p53在大多数其他癌症中发生突变,因此我们的研究结果可以帮助您了解许多不同癌症类型的新疗法

原始出处:

Swati Palit Deb.et al.Mutant p53 establishes targetable tumor dependency by promoting unscheduled replication.The Journal of Clinical Investigation.

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    2017-06-17 luominglian113

    学习了,谢谢分享

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    2017-06-16 大爰

    学习并分享!!!

    0

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    2017-06-16 189****7206

    学习了谢谢分享。

    0

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肺癌是困扰世界的癌症杀手,但是治疗方法却非常有限。近日,罗斯威尔帕克癌症研究所已经开始肺癌疫苗的临床试验,患者每月注射CIMAvax-EGF,研究显示了这一疫苗对预防肺癌的复发的可能性。

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