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PNAS:miR-342-5p/AnkG通路可能是老年性痴呆症新的病理机制

2014-09-24 MedSci MedSci原创

阿尔兹海默症(俗称老年性痴呆症)常常被认为是一种与年龄相关的、发生在老年阶段的疾病。然而,生命科学学院张研课题组通过实验证明在家族型阿尔兹海默症小鼠模型中,神经元发育、蛋白运输、轴突起始节功能等方面在发育的早期就表现出了显著的缺陷。Ankyrin G (AnkG)是一种重要的锚定蛋白,对于轴突起始节处的过滤筛选功能起着至关重要的作用。张研课题组的研究发现,在早期阿尔兹海默症模型小鼠中,mi

阿尔兹海默症(俗称老年性痴呆症)常常被认为是一种与年龄相关的、发生在老年阶段的疾病。然而,生命科学学院张研课题组通过实验证明在家族型阿尔兹海默症小鼠模型中,神经元发育、蛋白运输、轴突起始节功能等方面在发育的早期就表现出了显著的缺陷。Ankyrin G (AnkG)是一种重要的锚定蛋白,对于轴突起始节处的过滤筛选功能起着至关重要的作用。张研课题组的研究发现,在早期阿尔兹海默症模型小鼠中,miR-342-5p含量的大幅升高,使得其作用靶点之一AnkG的表达量显著下调。在APP/PS1, PS1ΔE9 和PS1-M146V这三种品系的阿尔兹海默症转基因小鼠模型中,miR-342-5p的含量都有所上升,从而导致了β-catenin, c-Myc以及interferon regulatory factor (IRF)-9含量的上升。miR-342-5p直接与AnkG mRNA 3'UTR部分结合并发生相互作用。miR-342-5p的上调使得AnkG表达量明显下降。以上研究结果已经发表于Cell Reports上(Sun X, Wu Y, Gu M, Zhang Y*. MiR-342-5p decreases ankyrin G level in Alzheimer's disease transgenic mouse models. 2014, Cell Reports, 6: 264-270)。特定microRNA的改变导致的AnkG含量的下调有可能是导致阿尔兹海默症病人及小鼠模型中轴突病变的原因,从而使得阿尔兹海默症小鼠海马神经元的轴突起始节处过滤筛选功能受损,导致大部分原本定位在树突、胞体上的蛋白错误的进入轴突分布(如NMDA受体亚基NR2B)。在正常状况下,应该集中分布在轴突起始节处的、与动作电位起始密切相关的蛋白定位也出现异常(如Nav1.6)。这一发现说明轴突起始节处过滤筛选功能的损坏对阿尔兹海默症的病理变化起着重要的作用。进一步的研究证明外源AnkG的表达可以提高APP/PS1小鼠在认知方面的表现。因此,AnkG以及受到损伤的轴突起始节过滤功能在阿尔兹海默症病理学中起着十分重要的作用。研究揭示了在遗传性阿尔兹海默症突变携带者中,神经元存在着早期的发育缺陷。以上成果近日以题为“Selective filtering defect at the axon initial segment in Alzheimer's disease mouse models”的文章形式在线发表于“美国科学院院刊”(PNAS)上。

另外,在今年早些时候,该课题组在Cell Rep上还发表了相近结果。

该论文的第一作者是张研课题组博士研究生孙夏琴和吴钰。此项工作获得了国家自然科学基金委和生物膜与膜工程国家重点实验室的资金支持。

 

原始出处:

Sun X, Wu Y, Gu M, Liu Z, Ma Y, Li J, Zhang Y.Selective filtering defect at the axon initial segment in Alzheimer's disease mouse models. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Sep 17. pii: 201411837. 

Sun X, Wu Y, Gu M, Zhang Y.miR-342-5p decreases ankyrin G levels in Alzheimer's disease transgenic mouse models. Cell Rep. 2014 Jan 30;6(2):264-70. 

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    2015-04-07 drwjr
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    2015-05-10 smallant2002
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    2015-04-26 Boyinsh
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