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Chest:美国、加拿大、澳大利亚和新西兰国家的孕妇吸烟情况调查

2017-07-13 MedSci MedSci原创

怀孕期间吸烟是母体和胎儿发生不良妊娠结局以及危害长期健康的最重要的风险因素,但是这一因素也是可以改变。目前,怀孕期间的烟草使用率在高收入国家有所减少;但在澳大利亚、新西兰、美国和加拿大的本土妇女烟草使用情况尚未确切可知。近期,一项发表在杂志CHEST上的研究以循证为基础审查了高收入国家中,本土孕妇的烟草使用。此项研究结果显示:上述国家的本土妇女更有可能使用烟草,这可能是由于社会经济不利、社会准则以

怀孕期间吸烟是母体和胎儿发生不良妊娠结局以及危害长期健康的最重要的风险因素,但是这一因素也是可以改变。目前,怀孕期间的烟草使用率在高收入国家有所减少;但在澳大利亚、新西兰、美国和加拿大的本土妇女烟草使用情况尚未确切可知。

近期,一项发表在杂志CHEST上的研究以循证为基础审查了高收入国家中,本土孕妇的烟草使用。

此项研究结果显示:上述国家的本土妇女更有可能使用烟草,这可能是由于社会经济不利、社会准则以及获得戒烟教育的机会不足。怀孕期间吸烟引起多种并发症,如出生体重低、早产儿、围产期死亡和婴儿死亡综合征,这些并发症在本土人口中较高。在怀孕的非本土妇女中,其可以有效接触到涉及或未涉及尼古丁替代疗法(NRT)的行为咨询。妊娠期尼古丁代谢较高以及依从性差,可能会影响NRT的治疗水平。在本土妇女中进行的两次随机试验显示:治疗组与对照组之间的戒烟率差异无统计学意义。

此项研究的结果应考虑到:a)减少本土妇女烟草使用的全过程;b)禁止烟草促销,并减少未成年人获得酒精的途径以防止本土青少年的吸烟率;c)培训医护人员,以便在文化上进行适当的戒烟护理。

原始出处:
Gould GS, Lim LL, Mattes J. The prevention and treatment of smoking and tobacco use during pregnancy in selected Indigenous communities in high-income countries of USA, Canada, Australia and New Zealand: an evidence-based review. Chest. 2017 Jul 7. pii: S0012-3692(17)31209-6. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2017.06.033. 

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    2017-08-16 Smile2680
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    2017-07-13 1e145228m78(暂无匿称)

    学习了,谢谢作者分享!

    0

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怀孕前血压正常的孕妇在妊娠20周以后出现高血压、蛋白尿,称子痫前期,或称为先兆子痫。是妊娠期高血压疾病的五种状况之一,为妊娠期特发疾病,可影响机体各器官系统。发病率约占全部妊娠的3.9%。子痫前期(Preeclampsia,PE)可分为早发型(妊娠<34周)和迟发型(妊娠> 34周)两个亚型。与子痫前期发病相关的重要机制包括:血管痉挛、内皮细胞激活、升压反应增加、前列腺素、一氧化氮、内皮素和

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