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收藏丨胰岛素注射指导,有图有真相!

2016-07-17 复旦大学附属中山医院药剂科 沈赟 上海药讯

注射胰岛素是糖尿病药物治疗的重要措施之一,关于胰岛素的贮存和使用方法,也有很多注意事项:一、胰岛素的贮存:未开封的胰岛素均应贮存于2~8℃的冰箱内,避免冰冻。开封后的胰岛素可室温保存28天(一般指25℃左右)。应避免阳光直射和反复震荡。外出旅行可将胰岛素放于保温袋中。使用中的胰岛素笔不应放入冰箱,否则会对注射笔造成损害,影响其寿命。二、注射部位的选择:注射部位按吸收快慢依次为腹部(脐周除外)、上臂

注射胰岛素是糖尿病药物治疗的重要措施之一,关于胰岛素的贮存和使用方法,也有很多注意事项:


一、胰岛素的贮存:


未开封的胰岛素均应贮存于2~8℃的冰箱内,避免冰冻。开封后的胰岛素可室温保存28天(一般指25℃左右)。应避免阳光直射和反复震荡。外出旅行可将胰岛素放于保温袋中。使用中的胰岛素笔不应放入冰箱,否则会对注射笔造成损害,影响其寿命。




二、注射部位的选择:


注射部位按吸收快慢依次为腹部(脐周除外)、上臂三角肌、大腿内外侧、臀部。对于短效胰岛素优先考虑注射在腹部,长效胰岛素(睡前注射)优先考虑注射在臀部。


长期在同一部位注射,会使局部组织吸收胰岛素能力下降;出现皮下脂肪营养不良,也会影响胰岛素的吸收,故应注意轮换注射部位。如:①左右轮换:交替地从左侧到右侧(第1天7:00在左腿内侧注射,第2天7:00则在右腿内侧注射);②同一注射部位不同区域轮换:从上次注射部位旁2厘米处注射。




三、注射方法:


应保证胰岛素注入皮下组织。


1,操作前准备


(1)确定吃饭时间,肯定30分钟内吃饭。注射前30分钟将胰岛素从冰箱中取出,待药液接近室温后再注射。


(2)洗手、准备好乙醇棉球、注射装置。


(3)再一次核对胰岛素剂型


(4)仔细观察胰岛素外观:短效胰岛素为无色透明液体,中效、长效与混合胰岛素为外观均匀的混悬液,轻轻摇晃后为乳白色。


2,使用胰岛素注射器的注意事项:


(1)如果注射中效或长效胰岛素,应将药瓶平放在手心中,用双手夹住药瓶,来回滚动十下左右,使瓶内药液充分混匀




(2)注射胰岛素前,先用乙醇棉球消毒瓶塞。




(3)用注射器抽取与所需胰岛素等量的空气注入瓶。




(4)左手将药瓶倒转,用右手抽取所需胰岛素量。




(5)自行混合两种剂型胰岛素时,须先抽短效胰岛素,再抽中效或长效胰岛素,如将中效或长效胰岛素混入短效胰岛素中,这瓶胰岛素将不能再用。


(6)排尽注射器中的空气。




(7)选好注射部位后,用乙醇棉球消毒皮肤




(8)等乙醇干后,用大拇指、食指、中指将注射部位的皮肤捏起,另一只手将针头的一半以45°角快速刺入注射部位,推注药液,然后放松被捏起的皮肤,针头在皮下停留10秒后拔出。




(9)用干棉球按压,不要按摩注射部位。




3,使用胰岛素笔的注意事项:


(1)胰岛素笔和胰岛素笔芯要匹配使用,使用的是哪个厂家的胰岛素笔,必须使用该厂生产的配套胰岛素笔芯;


(2)检查笔芯中药液性状、有效期并安装笔芯和针头。预混胰岛素一定要充分摇匀


(3)每次安装新笔芯和针头时必须排气。方法是将笔垂直竖起,将剂量选择旋钮旋至“1”再推至“0”位,直至排出一滴胰岛素液为止;


(4)选好注射部位后,常规消毒,将剂量旋钮旋至所需胰岛素量刻度,右手持胰岛素笔将针头垂直扎入皮下推注药液。若皮下脂肪薄,应45°角进针。剂量旋钮归零位,针头在皮肤下停留10~15秒后拔针。拔针后用干棉签按压2分钟;


(5)注射完毕后套上内针帽,旋下针头,将废弃针头丢弃,戴回笔帽。




四、如何减轻疼痛:


(1)胰岛素放至室温后再注射;

(2)使用的注射针头细而且锐利;

(3)待乙醇挥发干后再注射;

(4)手捏起皮肤会引起轻微疼痛;

(5)更换注射部位;

(6)采用两快一慢注射方法。即进出针快,推注时缓慢。

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2069922, encodeId=a2702069922d7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1cbf839029d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胰岛素注射#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=122, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83902, encryptionId=1cbf839029d, topicName=胰岛素注射)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=226a143, createdName=cathymary, createdTime=Sun Mar 12 19:04:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1749621, encodeId=82441e4962152, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=be7c8385345' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胰岛#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83853, encryptionId=be7c8385345, topicName=胰岛)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a7a536274692, createdName=baoya, createdTime=Mon Jun 19 21:04:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=131812, encodeId=2af013181236, content=文章很好,非常有益, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=112, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzdAIB7UwTkHt6fQkBP8ictliaXtc5gCUmYdAW1sAETC2nhO3q6YjRHkUibyOCtP8ibmXNObTyd63A076/0, createdBy=d4111948983, createdName=1e10c84am36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Sep 20 22:39:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=125637, encodeId=45df12563ea0, content=很详细的介绍,应该给每一个需要打胰岛素的患者发一份,利于他们正确注射, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=89, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160907/IMG57D00CF1965701770.jpg, createdBy=565c1948251, createdName=舒心和人, createdTime=Tue Sep 13 18:58:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=93484, encodeId=2ce593484f3, content=值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=121, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzfPkmqRTH5rHib5mcib8Wb3QdXjhfOK1UubQL2lictjJFdFJ6Lc3cnnCOSWqxXZ4Kk6y5GdzDoy764R/0, createdBy=156e1644785, createdName=doctorJiangchao, createdTime=Mon Jul 18 22:45:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-06-19 baoya
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2069922, encodeId=a2702069922d7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1cbf839029d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胰岛素注射#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=122, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83902, encryptionId=1cbf839029d, topicName=胰岛素注射)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=226a143, createdName=cathymary, createdTime=Sun Mar 12 19:04:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1749621, encodeId=82441e4962152, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=be7c8385345' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胰岛#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83853, encryptionId=be7c8385345, topicName=胰岛)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a7a536274692, createdName=baoya, createdTime=Mon Jun 19 21:04:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=131812, encodeId=2af013181236, content=文章很好,非常有益, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=112, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzdAIB7UwTkHt6fQkBP8ictliaXtc5gCUmYdAW1sAETC2nhO3q6YjRHkUibyOCtP8ibmXNObTyd63A076/0, createdBy=d4111948983, createdName=1e10c84am36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Sep 20 22:39:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=125637, encodeId=45df12563ea0, content=很详细的介绍,应该给每一个需要打胰岛素的患者发一份,利于他们正确注射, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=89, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160907/IMG57D00CF1965701770.jpg, createdBy=565c1948251, createdName=舒心和人, createdTime=Tue Sep 13 18:58:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=93484, encodeId=2ce593484f3, content=值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=121, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzfPkmqRTH5rHib5mcib8Wb3QdXjhfOK1UubQL2lictjJFdFJ6Lc3cnnCOSWqxXZ4Kk6y5GdzDoy764R/0, createdBy=156e1644785, createdName=doctorJiangchao, createdTime=Mon Jul 18 22:45:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-09-20 1e10c84am36(暂无匿称)

    文章很好,非常有益

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2069922, encodeId=a2702069922d7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1cbf839029d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胰岛素注射#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=122, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83902, encryptionId=1cbf839029d, topicName=胰岛素注射)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=226a143, createdName=cathymary, createdTime=Sun Mar 12 19:04:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1749621, encodeId=82441e4962152, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=be7c8385345' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胰岛#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83853, encryptionId=be7c8385345, topicName=胰岛)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a7a536274692, createdName=baoya, createdTime=Mon Jun 19 21:04:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=131812, encodeId=2af013181236, content=文章很好,非常有益, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=112, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzdAIB7UwTkHt6fQkBP8ictliaXtc5gCUmYdAW1sAETC2nhO3q6YjRHkUibyOCtP8ibmXNObTyd63A076/0, createdBy=d4111948983, createdName=1e10c84am36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Sep 20 22:39:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=125637, encodeId=45df12563ea0, content=很详细的介绍,应该给每一个需要打胰岛素的患者发一份,利于他们正确注射, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=89, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160907/IMG57D00CF1965701770.jpg, createdBy=565c1948251, createdName=舒心和人, createdTime=Tue Sep 13 18:58:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=93484, encodeId=2ce593484f3, content=值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=121, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzfPkmqRTH5rHib5mcib8Wb3QdXjhfOK1UubQL2lictjJFdFJ6Lc3cnnCOSWqxXZ4Kk6y5GdzDoy764R/0, createdBy=156e1644785, createdName=doctorJiangchao, createdTime=Mon Jul 18 22:45:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-09-13 舒心和人

    很详细的介绍,应该给每一个需要打胰岛素的患者发一份,利于他们正确注射

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2069922, encodeId=a2702069922d7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1cbf839029d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胰岛素注射#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=122, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83902, encryptionId=1cbf839029d, topicName=胰岛素注射)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=226a143, createdName=cathymary, createdTime=Sun Mar 12 19:04:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1749621, encodeId=82441e4962152, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=be7c8385345' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胰岛#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83853, encryptionId=be7c8385345, topicName=胰岛)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a7a536274692, createdName=baoya, createdTime=Mon Jun 19 21:04:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=131812, encodeId=2af013181236, content=文章很好,非常有益, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=112, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzdAIB7UwTkHt6fQkBP8ictliaXtc5gCUmYdAW1sAETC2nhO3q6YjRHkUibyOCtP8ibmXNObTyd63A076/0, createdBy=d4111948983, createdName=1e10c84am36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Sep 20 22:39:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=125637, encodeId=45df12563ea0, content=很详细的介绍,应该给每一个需要打胰岛素的患者发一份,利于他们正确注射, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=89, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160907/IMG57D00CF1965701770.jpg, createdBy=565c1948251, createdName=舒心和人, createdTime=Tue Sep 13 18:58:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=93484, encodeId=2ce593484f3, content=值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=121, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzfPkmqRTH5rHib5mcib8Wb3QdXjhfOK1UubQL2lictjJFdFJ6Lc3cnnCOSWqxXZ4Kk6y5GdzDoy764R/0, createdBy=156e1644785, createdName=doctorJiangchao, createdTime=Mon Jul 18 22:45:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-07-18 doctorJiangchao

    值得收藏

    0

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