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Stroke:可识别症状性颅内出血高风险卒中患者的新工具!

2018-02-11 贾朝娟 环球医学

静脉溶栓可以挽救卒中患者的生命,但使用不当也可以给患者带来新的伤害,如症状性颅内出血(sICH)。如何准确识别适合进行静脉溶栓的卒中患者,是治疗发挥最大获益避免伤害的关键。2018年2月,发表子《Stroke》的一项研究为大家绘制出了可以个体化预测静脉溶栓治疗卒中患者sICH风险的列线图。

静脉溶栓可以挽救卒中患者的生命,但使用不当也可以给患者带来新的伤害,如症状性颅内出血(sICH)。如何准确识别适合进行静脉溶栓的卒中患者,是治疗发挥最大获益避免伤害的关键。2018年2月,发表子《Stroke》的一项研究为大家绘制出了可以个体化预测静脉溶栓治疗卒中患者sICH风险的列线图。

背景和目的:症状性颅内出血(sICH)比较罕见,却是缺血性卒中静脉溶栓治疗最可怕的并发症。研究者旨在开发和验证一种可以个体化预测静脉溶栓治疗的卒中患者sICH的列线图。这些患者纳入到多中心SITS-ISTR(卒中溶栓的安全实施-国际卒中溶栓注册)中。

方法:2001年5月~2016年3月,179个意大利中心注册到SITS-ISTR的所有患者最初都纳入到研究中。主要结局测量指标为按照欧洲急性卒中协作研究II的定义确定的sICH(任何类型的颅内出血,且美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表评分自基线增加≥4分,或死亡<7天)。基于多变量逻辑模型生成列线图。研究者使用接受者操作特征曲线下面积评估了鉴别性能,使用Hosmer-Lemeshow检验评估了风险预测模型的校准性能。

结果:总共15949例具有生成列线图完整数据的患者随机分为训练组(3/4;12030例)和检验组(1/4;3919例)。多变量逻辑回归后,10个变量仍然为sICH的独立预测因素,从而构成STARTING-SICH列线图(收缩压、年龄、溶栓治疗起效时间、国立卫生研究院卒中量表评分、血糖、阿司匹林单独使用、阿司匹林+氯吡格雷、抗凝且INR≤1.7、当前具有梗死征、动脉高密度征)。STARTING-SICH的接受者操作特征曲线下面积为0.739。校准性能良好(Hosmer-Lemeshow检验的P=0.327)。

结论:STARTING-SICH是在大型SITS-ISTR队列中第一个开发和验证的用于个体化预测静脉溶栓治疗的卒中患者sICH的列线图。

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    2018-05-05 zwjnj2

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    2018-02-15 zwjnj2

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    2018-02-12 虈亣靌

    优质资源.共同学习

    0

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低剂量阿司匹林广泛应用于缺血性血管事件的二级预防,甚至用于一级预防。随机对照试验或随机对照试验联合队列研究的meta分析把阿司匹林和颅内出血风险增加联系起来,发现二者未达到统计学意义或处于边缘状态。观察性研究的结果更是模棱两可,甚至有研究认为长期服用阿司匹林能够降低蛛网膜出血的风险。

Stroke:多学科讨论:ASH/AHA科学声明——AIS静脉用阿替普酶后颅内出血怎么办?

2017年11月,美国心脏协会(AHA)和美国卒中协会(ASA)联合发布了关于急性缺血性脑卒中静脉用阿替普酶溶栓后出血性转化的治疗和结局的科学声明。相关报告发表在《Stroke》。

JAMA:颅内出血患者服用NOACs及华法林的死亡风险

既往研究证据表明,与华法林相比,非维生素K拮抗剂(NOAC)的颅内出血(ICH)风险较低。与之前接受华法林治疗者相比,接受NOAC治疗的ICH患者是否死亡风险更低?

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