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Nat Immun:共生病毒可维持肠道黏膜免疫功能

2019-10-25 杨凡 中国科学报

在人们通常的印象里,病毒对人体有百害而无一利。事实上,有些病毒可以 “以毒攻毒”,有助于人类的健康。近日,中国科学技术大学基础医学院、中科院天然免疫与慢性疾病重点实验室和合肥微尺度物质科学国家研究中心教授周荣斌、江维、朱书课题组率先发现肠道内的共生病毒对维持肠道免疫稳态发挥重要作用,并揭示了其发挥作用的细胞和分子机制。10 月 21 日,该研究成果发表于《自然—免疫学》。

在人们通常的印象里,病毒对人体有百害而无一利。事实上,有些病毒可以 “以毒攻毒”,有助于人类的健康。近日,中国科学技术大学基础医学院、中科院天然免疫与慢性疾病重点实验室和合肥微尺度物质科学国家研究中心教授周荣斌、江维、朱书课题组率先发现肠道内的共生病毒对维持肠道免疫稳态发挥重要作用,并揭示了其发挥作用的细胞和分子机制。10 月 21 日,该研究成果发表于《自然—免疫学》。

人体肠道、肺部、皮肤等组织存在大量的共生微生物,包括细菌、病毒和真菌等。近年来大量的研究表明,这些共生微生物已经成为人体的一部分,在许多正常生理功能和几乎所有疾病的发生中发挥重要作用。但是,过去几乎所有的研究都集中于共生细菌,而对共生病毒的病理、生理功能研究还非常缺乏。

肠道上皮内淋巴细胞作为肠道黏膜免疫的第一道防线,对维持肠道黏膜平衡有着重要作用。该项工作发现共生病毒对于维持肠道上皮内淋巴细胞的稳态发挥重要作用,减少共生病毒会导致肠道上皮内淋巴细胞显着减少。进一步的机制研究发现,共生病毒产生的核糖核酸,可被肠道固有层内的抗原呈递细胞表达的固有免疫受体识别,并进一步通过诱导抗原呈递细胞产生白细胞介素 15(IL-15),从而维持肠道上皮内淋巴细胞存活和增殖。最后,该项工作还发现肠道共生病毒对上皮内淋巴细胞稳态的维持有助于抑制肠道组织损伤和炎症发生。

该研究率先揭示了肠道共生病毒在肠道免疫稳态维持中的作用,并阐明了机制,提示肠道共生病毒失衡可能会诱发肠炎、肠癌等疾病。

原始出处:

Lei Liu, Tao Gong, Wanyin Tao, et al. Commensal viruses maintain intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes via noncanonical RIG-I signaling. Nature Immunology (2019) .

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    2020-08-11 liye789132251
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    2019-10-27 snowpeakxu
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    2019-10-26 1ddf0692m34(暂无匿称)

    学习了,谢谢分享

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