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Science:癌症疗法新思路!抑制癌细胞脱落标志性蛋白 促进免疫系统对癌症发起攻击!

2018-04-02 佚名 “细胞”微信号

日前,一项刊登在国际杂志Science上题为“Antibody-mediated inhibition of MICA and MICB shedding promotes NK cell–driven tumor immunity”的研究报告中,来自美国达纳-法伯癌症研究所和布莱根妇女医院的科学家们通过研究发现,将一种特殊抗体引入到癌症小鼠模型机体中就能有效抑制配体从肿瘤细胞表面逃逸,同时还能促

日前,一项刊登在国际杂志Science上题为“Antibody-mediated inhibition of MICA and MICB shedding promotes NK cell–driven tumor immunity”的研究报告中,来自美国达纳-法伯癌症研究所和布莱根妇女医院的科学家们通过研究发现,将一种特殊抗体引入到癌症小鼠模型机体中就能有效抑制配体从肿瘤细胞表面逃逸,同时还能促进自然杀伤细胞有效杀灭癌细胞。

文章中,研究人员描述了他们所使用的新技术以及该技术的作用原理,此前研究中,研究人员发现,免疫系统难以识别肿瘤的其中一个原因就是肿瘤细胞更倾向于“剥离”宿主机体免疫系统能够识别的癌细胞表面的特殊蛋白;这项研究中,研究人员重点对名为MICA和MICB的两种蛋白进行研究,这两种蛋白是由肿瘤产生,能暴露在裸露的癌细胞表面,正常情况下机体免疫系统能够有效识别这两种肿瘤蛋白。

在免疫系统识别这两种肿瘤蛋白之前,实际上肿瘤会产生一种特殊酶类,将MICA和MICB剔除出癌细胞表面使其脱落,从而就能抑制免疫系统利用这种识别特性来狙杀癌细胞了;随后研究人员深入研究阐明了是否能够找到一种行之有效的方法来抑制肿瘤细胞脱落MICA和MICB两种蛋白,这样一来机体免疫系统就能有效发挥杀灭癌细胞的作用了。

当进行了一段时间的搜索后,研究人员最后将目光锁定到一种名为mAb 7C6的抗体上,当该抗体被应用于肺癌和黑色素瘤小鼠模型上时,其就会促进癌细胞表面MICA和MICB两种蛋白的水平增加,这就表明,肿瘤细胞或许就无法有效脱落MICA和MICB蛋白了,此外,研究者还发现,杀伤性免疫细胞随后就会向肿瘤细胞发起攻击,从而有效抑制肿瘤的增殖,甚至杀灭肿瘤细胞。

最后研究者Lanier表示,这种新技术或能用来帮助机体免疫系统有效抵御肿瘤,而不是通过药物干预手段来直接攻击肿瘤,研究人员认为,诸如这样的疗法未来或有望彻底根治癌症,同时还不会产生太多的毒副作用。

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    2018-12-02 晓辰
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    2018-04-04 yxch36
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    2018-04-04 jichang
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    2018-04-03 易水河

    好消息.临床研究的新方向

    0

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