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PLOS MED:细思极恐——道路交通噪声居然会影响孩子认知发育!

2022-06-12 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

在学校暴露于道路交通噪声,而不是在家里,与学龄儿童1年内工作记忆、复杂工作记忆和注意力的发展较慢有关。

道路交通噪声是一种普遍存在的、已知的健康危害。然而,关于它对儿童认知的影响还知之甚少。为此,来自西班牙的学者研究了道路交通噪声暴露与小学生工作记忆和注意力发展之间的关系。结果发表在PLOS MEDICINE杂志上。

在2012年1月至2013年3月期间,对巴塞罗那38所学校的2680名7-10岁的儿童进行了基于人口的抽样调查。孩子们接受了4次计算机化的认知测试(n = 10112),测试内容包括工作记忆、复杂工作记忆和注意力不集中情况。在学年开始时,在学校的室内和室外对道路交通噪声进行了测量,使用标准协议获得A加权等效声压级,即按人类听力比例计算的日间年平均水平(日间LAeq,单位:dB)。

使用线性混合模型来评估暴露于噪声和认知发展之间的关系,调整了年龄、性别、母亲教育、家中的社会经济弱势指数、室内或室外交通相关空气污染(TRAP)的相应学校模型或室外二氧化氮(NO2)的家庭模型。

队列1中儿童的中位年龄为8.5(7.8;9.3)岁,49.9%为女孩,50%的学校为公立学校。学校室外暴露于道路交通噪声与儿童工作记忆(2-back和3-back)的发展较慢和更大的注意力不集中有关,无论是平均噪声水平(-4.83分[95%CI:-7.21,-2.45],p值<0.001,在街道水平每增加5分贝的2-back检测能力)和噪声波动(-4.38[-7.08,-1.67],p值=0.002,在街道水平每50个噪声事件)。教室内的道路交通平均噪声水平的个人暴露只与注意力不集中有关(2.49毫秒[0,4.81],p值=0.050,每增加5分贝),而室内噪声波动与所有结果一致相关。家庭室外噪声暴露与结果没有关系。

综上,在学校暴露于道路交通噪声,而不是在家里,与学龄儿童1年内工作记忆、复杂工作记忆和注意力的发展较慢有关。与教室里的平均噪声水平相比,与噪声波动指标的关联更为明显。

 

参考文献:

Exposure to road traffic noise and cognitive development in schoolchildren in Barcelona, Spain: A population-based cohort study

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    2022-06-14 neurowu
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    2022-06-14 yuandd
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    2022-06-14 xinmeili

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