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Nutrients:老年人需摄入更多奶制品以降低骨质疏松风险

2020-07-19 Fu Yuang MedSci原创

随着全球老龄化加剧,老年性疾病成为公共卫生问题的焦点。骨质疏松症是一种典型的老年性疾病,其引发的多部位骨折对老年人的生活质量和健康构成极大的威胁。

     随着全球老龄化加剧,随之而来的老年性疾病成为公共卫生问题的焦点。骨质疏松症(Osteoporosis)是一种典型的老年性疾病,其发病隐匿,以骨骼微结构病变和骨骼强度降低为主要特点,由其继发的多部位骨折更是对老年人的生活质量和健康构成极大的威胁。钙元素(calcium)是维持骨骼健康的重要成分,而维生素D在钙稳态和钙吸收过程中发挥了重要作用。近日,来自意大利卡梅里诺大学的学者在《nutrients》上发表了一篇有关维生素D摄入与骨质疏松症风险降低之间关系的系统性回顾性研究,为居民每日膳食方案提出了很好的建议。

     牛奶是维生素D的天然来源,驼奶也是维生素D较好的补充食物。经口摄入或由皮肤合成的维生素D入血后,经过肝脏及肾脏的加工可转变为1,25-二羟基维生素D(1,25(OH)2D),又称骨化三醇。其可促进肠道吸收钙离子,有助于维持血钙浓度。血清维生素D浓度达到30ng/mL便可满足人体基本需求,为了预防骨质疏松症的出现,每日补充700-800IU(0.0175-0.02mg)维生素D为宜,同时补充钙元素更加符合国际指南推荐的方案。对于孕妇,充足的维生素D可提高腹中胎儿骨骼的矿物质含量;对于青年人,充足的维生素D会提高骨量峰值(optimal bone mass),降低潜在骨质疏松症发生概率;对于老年人,充足的维生素D能降低骨质疏松骨折的风险。血清维生素D浓度不仅骨骼疾病相关,还与多种癌症(膀胱癌、乳腺癌、直肠癌、肾癌、肺癌)呈现负相关关系。当缺乏维生素D时,在婴幼儿和成年人中分别会导致佝偻病(Rickets)和骨软化病(Osteomalacia)的发生。

常见膳食中维生素D的含量,单位为µg/100 g

     除摄入天然富含维生素D的食物外,在食物中附加维生素D是理想的补充方法,世界多国已强制为食物中添加额外维生素D,当添加浓度达到高标准(10 mg/50 g奶粉)时,对目标人群提高体内维生素D含量及提升骨骼矿化程度具有临床意义。经过加工的低脂牛奶、麦片、一些婴儿食物都是不错的来源,经常吃鱼同样效果不错。

     总之,关注日常膳食的科学配伍能有效保持人体所需维生素D的含量及浓度,从而使特定人群获得最大收益,提高生活质量。在日渐扩大的老龄人群体中,这一收益能有效降低骨质疏松症的发生及并发症危险,减轻社会与家庭的公共卫生压力。

 

原始出处:Valeria Polzonetti, Stefania Pucciarelli, Silvia Vincenzetti and Paolo Polidori. Dietary Intake of Vitamin D from Dairy Products Reduces the Risk of Osteoporosis. nutrients, 10 June 2020.

 

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    2020-08-01 彭红

    牛奶适合各人群。

    0

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    2020-07-21 xjy06
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    2020-07-21 Eleven17
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    2020-07-19 wangzheng00

    学习

    1

    展开1条回复
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    2020-07-19 ms7000000320060583

    牛奶补钙

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=805587, encodeId=4f7280558ea3, content=牛奶适合各人群。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=116, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200726/689f5dfb6e5b4165b1a5156604f91964/518e32492fdf40689b7cc8c73fa0f600.jpg, createdBy=cc9a5402881, createdName=彭红, createdTime=Sat Aug 01 12:10:02 CST 2020, time=2020-08-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1522690, encodeId=fa0e1522690c1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=abc944e09b9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#奶制品#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=44709, encryptionId=abc944e09b9, topicName=奶制品)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=95d911475238, createdName=xjy06, createdTime=Tue Jul 21 03:31:44 CST 2020, time=2020-07-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1592630, encodeId=5b59159263084, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6dc2101853ed' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#骨质#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=101853, encryptionId=6dc2101853ed, topicName=骨质)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=e1d018108513, createdName=Eleven17, createdTime=Tue Jul 21 03:31:44 CST 2020, time=2020-07-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=803302, encodeId=5535803302ad, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=130, replyNumber=1, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJp0sD8Z3gbQpmzBtwg9CW7YicibuHSzMIfhBANYvGZiaEcH2gk0IrjXgRzR231rEUtXkHIBBbvbe6Zw/132, createdBy=80725261937, createdName=wangzheng00, createdTime=Sun Jul 19 14:52:31 CST 2020, time=2020-07-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=803332, encodeId=cc8480333260, content=牛奶补钙, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=118, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=114c5401451, createdName=ms7000000320060583, createdTime=Sun Jul 19 15:06:36 CST 2020, time=2020-07-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=803287, encodeId=f47e80328e88, content=非常实用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=113, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=650d1963981, createdName=1e14427fm80(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sun Jul 19 13:33:40 CST 2020, time=2020-07-19, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-07-19 1e14427fm80(暂无匿称)

    非常实用

    0

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