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SABCS:乳腺癌内分泌治疗的3项重磅研究

2012-12-18 王涛 SABCS

       作者:军事医学科学院附属医院乳腺肿瘤科 王涛        在今年美国圣安东尼奥乳腺癌会议(SABCS)举办的首日,继开篇大会报告——《激素与乳腺癌》之后,乳腺癌内分泌治疗专场上演。本专场重点公布了3项临床研究的结果,特别是ATLAS研

王涛

       作者:军事医学科学院附属医院乳腺肿瘤科 王涛

       在今年美国圣安东尼奥乳腺癌会议(SABCS)举办的首日,继开篇大会报告——《激素与乳腺癌》之后,乳腺癌内分泌治疗专场上演。本专场重点公布了3项临床研究的结果,特别是ATLAS研究,非常引人注目,这是一项超过15年的研究,也是乳腺肿瘤科医师十分关心和期待的研究。此外,BIG 1-98研究的细化分析、CONFIRM研究的最新结果,都对临床实践有一定的指导意义。

       ATLAS研究,用15年时间证实了10年TAM作用

       对于激素受体(HR)阳性乳腺癌,术后5年他莫昔芬(TAM)治疗早已是标准。而开始于1996年的ATLAS研究就是要挑战这个标准,观察更长时间(10年)治疗是否更佳。

       该研究入组了36个国家近7000例HR阳性者(54%为腋窝淋巴结阴性者),在其完成5年TAM治疗后再随机延长至10年TAM治疗或停止用药。

       结果显示,由于5年TAM效果的延续性,更长时间TAM治疗给患者带来的益处多是在诊断后的第2个10年。但从数字上看,两组复发事件和死亡事件的绝对数字差别并不是很大:10年组、5年组的复发事件分别是711例和617例,死亡事件相似(331例对397例);两组15年复发风险分别是21.4%和25.1%,15年死亡风险分别是12.2%和15.0%。那么,长时间治疗的患者依从性和不良反应如何?这也是非常重要的问题。该研究中,患者10年依从性达到91.6%,还是较理想的。TAM长期治疗的主要问题是子宫内膜癌发生率的提高。ATLAS研究中10年组的子宫内膜癌发生率是3.1%,而5年后停药组是1.6%,子宫内膜癌的死亡率分别是0.40%和0.25%。

       点评

       ATLAS研究回答了临床医生关心的问题——延长TAM治疗效果如何?对于年轻高危患者,我们可马上考虑延长TAM治疗时间,但对于低危者,因其本身复发风险很小,可能无须让其忍受长期TAM治疗带来的不良反应。正如巴洛(Barlow)教授在点评时所说:“任何成功研究都是引出的问题比回答的问题更多,ATLAS研究亦是如此”。由于TAM长期应用的不良反应,我们更希望了解哪些患者能从10年TAM中获益,从而避免不必要的延长治疗。此外,10年TAM与5年TAM后序贯5年芳香化酶抑制剂(AI)治疗孰优孰劣我们还不清楚。但无论如何,ATLAS研究用15年的时间证实了10年TAM的作用,现在对于临床上有高危复发因素的年轻患者有证据支持可延长TAM的使用时间。我们也期待明年有关ATLAS、aTTOM及其他研究的荟萃分析结果,以进一步揭开长期TAM治疗效果的面纱。

       BIG 1-98研究,来曲唑在浸润性小叶癌中的强大作用

       乳腺癌中有10%为小叶癌,其中约70%以上是管腔(Luminal)A型,约20%为Luminal B型。BIG 1-98研究比较了AI与TAM治疗早期绝经后乳腺癌患者的疗效,其已发表的结果证实来曲唑较TAM有更大的无复发生存益处。本次SABCS公布了该研究中AI与TAM对浸润性小叶癌的疗效,这也是迄今为止专门探讨AI对于浸润性小叶癌作用的最大型研究。

       在BIG 1-98研究超过3000例的入组患者中,324例为浸润性小叶癌,其中73.1%是Luminal A型,26.9%为Luminal B型。
结果发现,对于浸润性小叶癌患者,来曲唑组获益较浸润性导管癌更加明显:浸润性导管癌患者接受来曲唑治疗8年的无病生存(DFS)率是82%,TAM组是75%,风险比(HR)是0.80;而浸润性小叶癌患者接受来曲唑治疗的8年DFS率是82%,TAM组是66%,HR达到0.48,也就是说AI可使小叶癌患者的复发风险下降超过一半,达到52%;而对于浸润性导管癌患者,复发风险的下降比例是20%。

       点评 

       在总生存(OS)方面,我们也看到了类似的结果。通过对OS进一步分析可见,来曲唑对复发风险下降的影响在Luminal B型患者中更为明显,其整体患者获益更大的原因主要是由于Luminal B型患者的获益所带来的。基于这些分析,我们发现来曲唑在浸润性小叶癌中更为强大的作用。因此作者明确推荐,针对浸润性小叶癌患者,术后优先推荐使用来曲唑,而不是TAM。

       CONFIRM研究结果,有待进一步分析

       意大利利奥(Leo)在本届大会上公布了CONFIRM研究的最终结果。作为比较氟维司群不同剂量(500 mg 对250 mg)治疗晚期乳腺癌的Ⅲ期研究,CONFIRM入组了736例患者。结果显示,与250 mg组相比,500 mg治疗组的中位无复发生存期由5.5个月延至6.5个月(HR=0.80,P=0.006)。此次最终OS分析显示,大剂量氟维司群与小剂量相比,患者的中位OS期延长了4.1个月(26.4个月对22.3个月),死亡风险下降了19%(下图)。
氟维司群不同剂量组的OS曲线
 
       点评 

       研究中2%的患者由250 mg组转至500 mg组,但对于这部分患者是在有效情况下还是在进展后转入500 mg组,其疗效如何,研究没有进行分析。期待未来的研究能提供进一步的答案。

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    2013-10-04 gwc392
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  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1682134, encodeId=60ad1682134f2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d4d031e8074' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#分泌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=31780, encryptionId=d4d031e8074, topicName=分泌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0da227938338, createdName=gwc392, createdTime=Fri Oct 04 19:00:00 CST 2013, time=2013-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1777019, encodeId=bea81e7701952, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=45ae1e1830' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ABC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=75, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1718, encryptionId=45ae1e1830, topicName=ABC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a54039078223, createdName=cmj21wellington, createdTime=Sat Aug 10 03:00:00 CST 2013, time=2013-08-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=5329, encodeId=a8f453293b, content=这个很不错,要是可以提供摘要就更好了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=113, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d5ce75636, createdName=csjlsh, createdTime=Mon Jan 07 19:12:00 CST 2013, time=2013-01-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1548749, encodeId=4dff1548e4907, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f7879600061' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#重磅#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96000, encryptionId=f7879600061, topicName=重磅)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3acc14121561, createdName=xxxx1054, createdTime=Wed Dec 19 15:00:00 CST 2012, time=2012-12-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1587473, encodeId=2ac6158e47364, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e03515826f8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SABCS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15826, encryptionId=e03515826f8, topicName=SABCS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=826117479684, createdName=guguangxiang, createdTime=Wed Dec 19 15:00:00 CST 2012, time=2012-12-19, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2013-01-07 csjlsh

    这个很不错,要是可以提供摘要就更好了

    0

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    2012-12-19 xxxx1054
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SABCS:乳腺癌预后指标的意外之喜—维生素D

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