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Nat Neurology:科学家发现大脑形成决策的区域

2015-05-06 佚名 中国科学报

Nature Neurology上的一项研究发现了大脑中负责编码进攻和防御策略的区域。该研究选择日本象棋选手的大脑活动作为监测对象,得出的结论或能为科学家研究人类如何作出复杂决定提供新见解。大量与大脑决策有关的研究所聚焦的都是在各种不同成本和风险之间,人会作出何种决定。这些决定依赖于所采取的全局策略,但这种策略本身是如何被大脑选中的一直是未知。日本象棋能够很好地便于区分大脑的进攻和防御策略,因为这

Nature Neurology上的一项研究发现了大脑中负责编码进攻和防御策略的区域。该研究选择日本象棋选手的大脑活动作为监测对象,得出的结论或能为科学家研究人类如何作出复杂决定提供新见解。

大量与大脑决策有关的研究所聚焦的都是在各种不同成本和风险之间,人会作出何种决定。这些决定依赖于所采取的全局策略,但这种策略本身是如何被大脑选中的一直是未知。日本象棋能够很好地便于区分大脑的进攻和防御策略,因为这两者之间有着强烈的对比区分。

Keiji Tanaka等人利用功能磁共振成像技术监测了17名高水平的日本象棋业余组选手在判断一些特定棋局应该选择进攻还是防守时的大脑活动情况。在第二次试验中,选手被要求为预设棋局和走棋策略选择具体走哪步棋。这样一来,研究人员便能确定大脑中负责编码走棋策略而非具体到走哪步棋的特定区域。

他们发现在具体走哪步棋前,大脑中就已经形成了走棋策略,这印证了之前的一个观点:我们首先采取策略,之后再根据各种限制条件选择特定的步骤。进攻和防守策略所形成的大脑区域分别为:后扣带回皮质(PCC)和吻侧前扣带皮层(rACC)。此外,背外侧前额叶皮层(dlPFC)的活动也与进攻和防守策略之间的区分有着最紧密关联,这意味着dlPFC在决策选择中也起着一定作用。

原始出处:

Xiaohong Wan,Kang Cheng & Keiji Tanaka.Neural encoding of opposing strategy values in anterior and posterior cingulate cortex.Nature Neurology, April 20, 2015.doi:10.1038/nn.3999

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    2015-11-13 yinhl1978
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    2015-05-26 liye789132251
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    2015-05-06 zhouanxiu

    看过了

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