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JAMA Oncol:扎心了!8.5万年轻女性随访22年显示,女性肥胖与结直肠癌风险增加93%有关

2018-10-17 奇点糕 奇点网

来自华盛顿大学医学院的Yin Cao学者及其同事对85256名年龄在25岁-44岁之间的女性进行了22年的随访,探究体质指数(BMI)和结直肠癌风险之间的关系。结果发现,对于50岁以下的中青年群体,BMI≥30与结直肠癌风险增加93%有关!BMI每增加5个单位,与结直肠癌风险增加20%有关!

关注50岁以下人群的直肠癌研究,10月11日的JAMA Oncology上就发表了一篇,研究结果同样让奇点糕抖了三抖。

来自华盛顿大学医学院的Yin Cao学者及其同事对85256名年龄在25岁-44岁之间的女性进行了22年的随访,探究体质指数(BMI)和直肠癌风险之间的关系。结果发现,对于50岁以下的中青年群体,BMI≥30与结直肠癌风险增加93%有关!BMI每增加5个单位,与结直肠癌风险增加20%有关!


通讯作者 Yin Cao

肥胖人士再一次哭晕在厕所。。。(并第n次下定决心减肥)

谈起结直肠癌的治疗和筛查史,也真的是让人郁闷不已。自上世纪80年代以来,结直肠癌的总体发病率下降了45%以上,主要原因是对于50岁以上的人群开始推荐肠镜筛查,并且大部分人年纪大了,自然而然开始注意改善自己的生活方式。

但是对于年龄在20岁-40岁的中青年人群,结直肠癌的发病率和死亡率不降反升,根据美国学者的预测,到2030年,年龄20-34岁的人群中结肠癌患病率将增加90%,直肠癌患病率增加124%,35-49岁人群中结肠癌患病率将增加28%,直肠癌患病率增加46%。

早发性结直肠癌即将对社会的中流砥柱产生重大影响!

在这项研究中,研究人员使用护士健康研究II(NHSII)的研究数据,分析了85256名年龄在25岁-44岁之间的女性的BMI数据,并根据糖尿病史、吸烟、饮酒、身体活动、阿司匹林及其他抗炎药物的使用、维生素的使用、饮食以及结直肠癌家族史和肠镜检查等因素进行了调整,共发现114例早发性结直肠癌,诊断时的中位年龄为45岁。

BMI指数大家应该都不陌生。中国卫生与计划生育委员会给出的健康BMI指数为18.9-23.9,世界卫生组织给出的健康BMI值略高,为18.9-24.9。在这项研究中,BMI在18.5-22.9的人群被作为对照组。贴心如奇点糕给大家换算了一下,身高160cm、体重在59kg的女性,BMI为23。(从现代审美观点来看,要求真的不高了)

同时,BMI在25-29.9之间的小姐姐被判定为超重,BMI大于等于30的小姐姐被判定为肥胖,BMI在23-24.9(还在国际标准内却被研究人员排除在标准外)的小姐姐们,就温柔一点,暂且称她们为微胖吧。

结果显示,微胖人群和超重人群与结直肠癌风险相关性差不多,两组人群的结直肠癌风险分别增加了33%和37%,这已经足够吓人了。可是一旦BMI超过了30大关,步入了肥胖的阶段,结直肠癌风险瞬间成为了对照组的93%,增加了近一倍!


BMI与早发性结直肠癌风险的相关性

将以上结果平均一下,BMI每增加5个单位,与结直肠癌风险增加20%有关!奇点糕再次用自己拙劣的数学为大家换算一下,依然是用身高160cm的女性举例,体重增加2.36kg,BMI就会增加一个1个单位。

奇点糕摸着自己肚子上的肉肉先去哭一会再回来~

当然了,从18岁成年到成为一名坚挺的“社会中流砥柱”,谁还没有瘦过那么几年呢?研究人员贴心地统计了成年早期的BMI与早发性结直肠癌风险的关系。结果同样让人心惊。研究以BMI在18.5-20.9之间为对照,BMI<18.5与结直肠癌风险增加5%有关,而BMI≥23与结直肠癌风险增加63%有关!

年少轻狂的时候也不能胖啊朋友们!

同时,作者对成年之后的体重变化与早发性结直肠癌之间的关系也进行了研究。以体重变化少于5kg为对照,体重增加20-39.9kg与早发性结直肠癌风险增加65%有关,体重增加≥40kg与早发性结直肠癌风险增加115%有关!


发胖的后果不忍直视

奇点糕必须吐槽一句,怎么可能有妹子忍受自己的体重增加40kg!亲眼目睹过自己瘦过的样子的你,怎么忍心!!!!!!胖了40kg,别说结直肠癌了,各种增加发生风险的疾病怕是能列个超长名单。

当然了,之所以出现这种情况也可能是因为纳入研究的女性都为白人,外国的小姐姐胖起来。。。确实挺吓人的。

其实关于结直肠癌的各种危险因素,比如肥胖啦,久坐不动的生活方式啦,西方饮食啦等等都已经在老年人的结直肠癌相关研究中被确认,但是对于中青年群体的结直肠癌危险因素的相关研究还略有欠缺。

这项研究说明了50岁以下的女性肥胖与早发性结直肠癌风险增加有关。近年来,肥胖的年轻人越来越多,研究人员猜想,这或许正好可以解释50岁以下人群结直肠癌的发生率和死亡率的逐年增加。

同时,研究人员表示,如果所有参与者的BMI均在18.5-24.9之间,那么大约可以预防22%的早发性结直肠癌。

当然,这毕竟是个关联性研究,BMI可能是其他疾病风险因素的替代指标,比如代谢综合征糖尿病。此外,研究最大的局限性相信机智的读者朋友们已经看出来了,就是仅仅包括了女性的数据,广大男性同胞的相关数据嘛,可能还得再等等~

原始出处:Po-Hong Liu, MD, MPH; Kana Wu, MD, MPH, PhD; Kimmie Ng, MD, MPH; et al. Association of Obesity With Risk of Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer Among Women. JAMA Oncol. October 11, 2018

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    2019-02-17 sjq027
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    2019-09-01 minlingfeng
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    2018-10-17 fenfei_100

    减肥控制体重

    0

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