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SCI TRANSL MED:机器学习算法实现自闭症精准预测

2017-06-14 cailingrui MedSci原创

通过机器学习方法对脑功能连接进行模式识别,Emerson和他的同事们对6个月大的婴儿是否会在将来表现出自闭症的症状进行了精准预测,根据受试者24个月时的诊断结果表明,预测准确性高达96%。

在一项新的研究中Emerson等人发现,有自闭症高危风险的婴儿脑功能可以在早期就得到精准预测,这一结果也在后来的临床诊断中得到了验证。通过机器学习方法对脑功能连接进行模式识别,Emerson和他的同事们对6个月大的婴儿是否会在将来表现出自闭症的症状进行了精准预测,根据受试者24个月时的诊断结果表明,预测准确性高达96%。尽管这项研究还有待后续重复验证,但它已在自闭症的早期诊断,尤其是典型临床症状表现出来之前的空白期上迈出了重要的一步。

自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)是一种以社交障碍和重复性行为为特征的神经发育障碍,通常在24个月大的时候开始表现出来。有效的早期干预可能会减轻自闭症的症状,并对提升远期疗效大有帮助,因此早期检测就显得尤为重要。通过对59个带有自闭症高危遗传风险的6个月大婴儿进行神经成像,功能性核磁共振成像准确的识别出哪些婴儿将在24个月大的时候表现出自闭症的症状。婴幼儿在6个月的脑功能连接,与其24个月时的社会性行为、语言能力、运动发育和重复性行为相关联,而这些都是自闭症诊断的常见特征。一个完全交互验证的机器学习算法被应用在了这项研究上,其中阳性预测的准确率高达100%。11个受试者在24个月时被诊断出患有自闭症,机器学习算法预测出了其中的9个,敏感度81.8%。所有的48个阴性结果也都得到了准确的预测,特异性100%,阴性预测准确性96%。

这项研究对自闭症早期的风险评估和预防性干预具有极为重要的临床意义,也显示了机器学习算法在医疗领域的广阔应用前景。

原始出处:

Robert W. Emerson, et al. Functional neuroimaging of high-risk 6-month-old infants predicts a diagnosis of autism at 24 months of age. Sci Transl Med . 07 Jun 2017:Vol. 9, Issue 393, eaag2882 

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    2017-06-15 xiongke014
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    2017-06-14 luominglian113

    学习了,涨知识了

    0

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    2017-06-14 lovetcm

    看来机器学习确实是非常牛的,能够有如此高的诊断精准度这是令人吃惊的

    0

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