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Stroke : 大范围脑缺血,取栓治疗效果或不佳

2021-09-09 Freeman MedSci原创

对基于CT选择的阿尔伯塔卒中项目早期CT评分(Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score )较低的前循环卒中患者进行EVT可能没有好处,而且与出血和死亡的风险增加有关,

目前,有4项随机对照试验(RCTs;TENSION、TESLA、IN EXTREMIS-LASTE、SELECT2正在研究入院时有广泛缺血性梗塞迹象的患者进行血管内治疗(EVT)的潜在益处。

然而,由于预期效果较低,需要比以前的RCTs更多的样本量来证明这个亚组的实质性治疗效果。此外,基于较低的阿尔伯塔中风(Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score )项目早期CT评分(ASPECTS)患者的发生率,以及取决于医生对临床平等性的意见,可以预期会有一个较长的入组时间。

在过去的血栓切除相关的重要RCT中,出现ASPECTS≤5的患者是根据包括计算机断层扫描(CT)和磁共振成像在内的异质性影像学方案来评估治疗选择。在HERMES(多个血管内卒中试验中的高效再灌注评估)的荟萃分析中,这些患者被汇集起来,分析显示EVT的治疗获益趋势不明显。

尽管CT成像代表了检测和治疗大血管闭塞性卒中的最经常应用的现实世界模式。因此,目前可用的随机以及回顾性证据可能不能代表现实世界中以CT为基础对低ASPECTS患者进行EVT决策的情况。

藉此,德国University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf的Lukas Meyer等人,利用多中心研究比较了基于CT选择低ASPECTS≤5的卒中患者的EVT和最佳医学治疗(BMT)队列的结果。并假设,EVT比BMT更有利。

他们比较了EVT和基于CT选择的前循环卒中所致的广泛基线梗死(Alberta Stroke Program早期CT评分≤5)患者的最佳医疗方法。

患者选自德国卒中注册中心和3个三级卒中中心。主要功能终点是90天后的良好(修改后的Rankin量表得分≤3)和非常差的结果(修改后的Rankin量表得分≥5)的比率。次要安全终点是发生症状性脑内出血。血管造影结果用改良的脑梗塞溶栓量表进行评估。

经过1:1的配对,共有248名患者按治疗组进行了比较。

他们发现:在EVT组中,27.4%的患者功能良好,在最佳医疗组中,25%的患者功能良好(P=0.665)。高龄(调整后的几率比,1.08[95%CI,1.05-1.10],P<0.001)和有症状的脑内出血(调整后的几率比,6.35[95%CI,2.08-19.35],P<0.001)与很差的结果独立相关。

死亡率(43.5%对28.9%,P=0.025)和症状性脑内出血(16.1%对5.6%,P=0.008)在EVT组明显较高。

在失败和部分再通组(改良的脑梗塞溶栓量表评分为0/1-2a)中观察到最低的良好功能预后率(≈15%)。

而与最佳医疗方法相比,完全再通(改良的脑梗塞溶栓量表评分为3)且再通尝试次数≤2的患者受益最大(改良的Rankin量表评分≤3:42.3%,P=0.074)。

在日常临床实践中,对基于CT选择的阿尔伯塔卒中项目早期CT评分(Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score )较低的前循环卒中患者进行EVT可能没有好处,而且与出血和死亡的风险增加有关,特别是在老年人中。然而,第一次或第二次完全再通似乎揭示了EVT的临床益处,突出了低CT评分亚组的脆弱性。

原文出处:
Meyer L, Bechstein M, Bester M, et al. Thrombectomy in Extensive Stroke May Not Be Beneficial and Is Associated With Increased Risk for Hemorrhage. Stroke. Published online September 2, 2021. doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.120.033101

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    2021-09-10 内科新手

    谢谢梅斯提供这么好的信息,学到很多

    0

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    2021-09-10 CHANGE

    疗效只是效果的众多方面之一,还要看对患者的获益,包括生活质量等因素共同决定效果的

    0

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    2021-09-10 CHANGE

    疗效只是效果的众多方面之一,还要看对患者的获益,包括生活质量等因素共同决定效果的

    0

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