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Br J HaematolL:预防性治疗能降低严重血友病甲或乙患儿的脑出血风险

2017-07-14 xiaoxiao MedSci原创

血友病,是一组由于血液中某些凝血因子的缺乏而导致患者产生严重凝血障碍的遗传性出血性疾病,男女均可发病,但绝大部分患者为男性。血友病在先天性出血性疾病中最为常见,出血是该病的主要临床表现。该病的出血大多为创伤后出血,只是有时创伤极轻微而未被注意,因而似乎是“自发”出血。出血部位常在较深的组织,包括关节、肌肉、脑、腹膜后血肿,出血部位肿胀及疼痛是主要的症状。

血友病,是一组由于血液中某些凝血因子的缺乏而导致患者产生严重凝血障碍的遗传性出血性疾病,男女均可发病,但绝大部分患者为男性。血友病在先天性出血性疾病中最为常见,出血是该病的主要临床表现。该病的出血大多为创伤后出血,只是有时创伤极轻微而未被注意,因而似乎是“自发”出血。出血部位常在较深的组织,包括关节、肌肉、脑、腹膜后血肿,出血部位肿胀及疼痛是主要的症状。

血友病包括血友病甲(凝血因子VIII缺乏)、血友病乙(凝血因子IX缺乏)、和因子XI缺乏症(曾称血友病丙)三型。我国血友病研究协作组数据显示血友病患者中甲:乙:丙三型比为28:5:1。血友病目前还没有根治的办法。迄今,血友病最有效的治疗方法是替代治疗,即补充凝血因子。


目前医学界对血友病的预防性治疗多集中在联合治疗。预防性治疗对颅内出血的影响还不太清楚。7月发表在Br J Haematol上的一篇研究对血友病患儿脑出血的发生情况,及不同的预防方案和脑出血后遗症进行了探讨。

这是一项多中心回顾性和前瞻性研究,研究共纳入了来自20个国家的33个血友病中心的患儿。纳入标准为1993年-2014年间出生的患有严重的血友病甲型或乙型患者。根据定期输注预防性治疗药物的剂量和剂量频率,研究人员把参与者按预防性治疗方案分类:完全预防组、部分预防组或未预防组。

本队列研究共包括1515名儿童:在超过8038病人-年中共报告了29例脑出血患者。完全预防组脑出血/病人-年的发生率为0.00033,明显低于无预防组患者(0.017;RR 50.06;p<0.001),而部分预防组脑出血/病人-年的发生率为0.0050(RR 14.92,p=0.007)。在预防性治疗的两组中,8%(2/24)的患儿发生脑出血死亡,33%的患儿存在长期后遗症(包括智力问题、行为问题、轻度瘫痪和癫痫)。

研究结果表明,与不频繁甚至不使用预防药物的血友病患者相比,定期、频繁使用预防药物的患者脑出血的危险性较低。

原始出处:

Andersson NG, Auerswald G,et al.Intracranial haemorrhage in children and adolescents with severe haemophilia A or B - the impact of prophylactic treatment.Br J Haematol. 2017 Jul 12. doi: 10.1111/bjh.14844. [Epub ahead of print]

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    2018-01-26 changfy
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    2017-07-16 fengyi812

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