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Nat Med:接种新冠疫苗是否会增加神经系统并发症风险?

2021-10-30 haibei MedSci原创

研究人员估计每1000万接受ChAdOx1nCoV-19的人中有38例增加的吉兰-巴雷综合征病例,而在SARS-CoV-2检测阳性后,每1000万人中有145例增加的病例。

在新冠(COVID-19)大流行中,疫苗的开发和部署达到了前所未有的速度和规模。包括ChAdOx1nCoV-19和BNT162b2在内的几种疫苗已被批准在多个国家使用,这些疫苗在随机对照试验和现实世界的有效性研究中已被证明可以减少COVID-19的感染、传播、住院和死亡。然而,这些临床试验的力量不足,无法检测到罕见的不良事件,而这些不良事件将对这些疫苗的持续风险-效益评估以及为疫苗接种后的临床实践提供非常重要的信息。因此,识别这种罕见的不良事件是目前全球科学的重点。

ChAdOx1nCoV-19疫苗接种后脑静脉窦血栓形成的风险增加就是一个罕见的神经系统不良事件的例子。这些发现促使英国、几个欧洲国家和加拿大的两个省限制ChAdOx1nCoV-19疫苗的使用,或限制其在感染严重后果风险较低的人群中的使用,以等待进一步的风险-效益分析。

此外,在ChAdOx1nCoV-19临床试验期间,在治疗组中发现了两例横纹肌炎病例。这些病例引发了两次临时研究暂停,包括英国药品和保健品管理局(MHRA)的仔细监管审查。有一例横纹肌炎被认为可能与疫苗有因果关系,而且目前不能排除罕见的神经炎症副作用与ChAdOx1nCoV-19的关联。

最近,研究人员进行了一项自我对照的病例系列研究,调查了在首次注射ChAdOx1nCoV-19(n = 20,417,752)或BNT162b2(n = 12,134,782)后的28天内,以及SARS-CoV-2阳性测试(n = 2,005,280)后因神经系统并发症而入院的情况。

接种ChAdOx1nCoV-19疫苗、BNT162b2疫苗和SARS-CoV-2测试阳性后的神经系统结果的IRRs和95%CIs。

结果显示,接种ChAdOx1nCoV-19后,吉兰-巴雷综合征(发病率比(IRR),2.90;95%置信区间(CI):接种后15-21天,2.15-3.92)和贝尔氏麻痹(IRR,1.29;95%CI:15-21天,1.08-1.56)风险增加。使用BNT162b2会增加出血性中风的风险(IRR,1.38;95%CI:1.12-1.71,15-21天)。

一个独立的苏格兰队列为ChAdOx1nCoV和吉兰-巴雷综合征之间的关联提供了进一步的支持(IRR,2.32;95%CI:1.08-5.02,1-28天)。

此外,在SARS-CoV-2检测阳性后的28天内,包括吉兰-巴雷综合征在内的所有神经系统结果的风险大大增加(IRR,5.25;95%CI:3.00-9.18)。总的来说,研究人员估计每1000万接受ChAdOx1nCoV-19的人中有38例增加的吉兰-巴雷综合征病例,而在SARS-CoV-2检测阳性后,每1000万人中有145例增加的病例。

总之,虽然接受COVID-19疫苗的人出现神经系统并发症的风险增加,但在SARS-CoV-2检测阳性后,这些并发症的风险更大

 

原始出处:

Martina Patone et al. Neurological complications after first dose of COVID-19 vaccines and SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nature Medicine (2021). 

 

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    2022-09-16 丁鹏鹏
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    2022-02-17 liye789132251
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  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1758382, encodeId=15281e58382bc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=84ba49031f9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#并发#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=49031, encryptionId=84ba49031f9, topicName=并发)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a27e37327108, createdName=丁鹏鹏, createdTime=Fri Sep 16 07:20:30 CST 2022, time=2022-09-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1885479, encodeId=12fb18854e91e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Thu Feb 17 21:20:30 CST 2022, time=2022-02-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1937266, encodeId=6e19193e26623, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7238e44560c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#神经系统并发症#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=74456, encryptionId=7238e44560c, topicName=神经系统并发症)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTI5V6pBDhhleaA9ZQaNgImyx09qqFom6WIvSGdUoWfKiaWCiaeUfnXMRECAMPA81Wkd4EOicrPibOTudQ/132, createdBy=b9382500209, createdName=ms6127405442416114, createdTime=Sun Dec 26 15:20:30 CST 2021, time=2021-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1283192, encodeId=14231283192bb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4fade445192' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#神经系统#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=74451, encryptionId=4fade445192, topicName=神经系统)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=02f5179, createdName=luoxiaog, createdTime=Mon Nov 01 08:20:30 CST 2021, time=2021-11-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1611312, encodeId=bd4616113129c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Mon Nov 01 08:20:30 CST 2021, time=2021-11-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1065491, encodeId=1cc410654916a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4dbd580630b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新冠疫苗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=352, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58063, encryptionId=4dbd580630b, topicName=新冠疫苗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=医者仁者, createdTime=Sun Oct 31 10:47:08 CST 2021, time=2021-10-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1065452, encodeId=194f10654526e, content=完善输注原则,优先选择ABO和RhD同型, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTIrrxxDxnLic8t6EAs38Qfwo6H2h6JMleIgb9OSYf6LMnVDkQEqUXWoSDWboibjhOBI9SJDTXweqQIA/132, createdBy=50aa5321359, createdName=查查佳佳, createdTime=Sun Oct 31 08:25:44 CST 2021, time=2021-10-31, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-10-31 查查佳佳

    完善输注原则,优先选择ABO和RhD同型

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