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Cell:DNA修复必不可少的酶

2016-11-02 生物通 王英 生物通 王英

最近,澳大利亚国立大学(ANU)和德国海德堡大学的科学家们,发现了DNA修复过程中的一个重要组成部分,将为开发新的抗癌药物打开大门。相关研究结果发表在10月27日的《Cell》杂志。  本研究资深作者、ANU副教授Tamás Fischer说,这项研究发现,由DNA和RNA组成的混合结构,对于DNA损伤后的遗传信息修复发挥着重要的作用。RNA是储存在DNA中的遗传信息的短暂副本。 &nb

最近,澳大利亚国立大学(ANU)和德国海德堡大学的科学家们,发现了DNA修复过程中的一个重要组成部分,将为开发新的抗癌药物打开大门。相关研究结果发表在10月27日的《Cell》杂志。  


本研究资深作者、ANU副教授Tamás Fischer说,这项研究发现,由DNA和RNA组成的混合结构,对于DNA损伤后的遗传信息修复发挥着重要的作用。RNA是储存在DNA中的遗传信息的短暂副本。  

该研究还发现,靶定这些混合结构的RNase H酶,对于高效、准确的DNA损伤修复也至关重要。  
Fischer博士说:“这一发现为开发新的药物打开了大门,这些药物可以靶定这些酶、调节它们的活动,并阻止或提高这一重要DNA修复途径的效率。”  

他指出,人类基因组中积累的突变,是衰老相关疾病和癌症发展的主要驱动力。  
 
他说:“我们对这些修复途径了解的越多,就有更多的潜力来调节它们,并可能发展一些预防性方法,来减少各种突变的积累率。”  

“在分子生物学中,RNase H酶已经被研究和使用了很多年,但直到现在它们的生物学功能还不完全清楚。我们的研究表明,这些酶对于DNA修复是必不可少的,这可能是它们最重要的一个功能,因为它们存在于每一个活细胞内。”  

Fischer博士说,最令人惊讶的一个发现是,RNA - DNA杂交体,以前被认为只对人类基因组的完整性产生负面影响,这项研究发现,它实际上也参与了DNA的保护。  

DNA修复的细胞机制荣获了2015年诺贝尔化学奖(2015诺贝尔化学奖公布:DNA修复机制),科学家们一直没有停歇过对这个过程的探索。2015年十月二十八日在《Nature》杂志上发表的一项最新研究,发现了一类新的DNA修复酶。

2015年11月在《Nature Cell Biology》发表的一项研究中,加拿大阿尔伯塔大学医学及牙科学院的研究人员,探讨了DNA修复一个以前未知的秘密。

今年9月份,来自英国苏塞克斯大学的科学家发现了一种酶,称为PARP3,有助于促进DNA修复。相关研究结果发表在《Nature Communications 》杂志。

原始出处:

Corina Ohle,et al. Transient RNA-DNA Hybrids Are Required for Efficient Double-Strand Break Repair. Cell. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2016.10.001 Article Info

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    2017-08-07 维他命
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    2016-11-04 忠诚向上

    继续努力

    0

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    2016-11-04 jambiya
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1869611, encodeId=e223186961135, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fd764459a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cell#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4459, encryptionId=fd764459a8, topicName=Cell)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=524d95, createdName=zhaozhouchifen, createdTime=Tue Dec 27 06:06:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1959870, encodeId=806f19598e070, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbe6445416' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CEL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4454, encryptionId=dbe6445416, topicName=CEL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c3ff68, createdName=维他命, createdTime=Mon Aug 07 08:06:00 CST 2017, time=2017-08-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=153214, encodeId=e8e5153214cf, content=继续努力, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=45101626056, createdName=忠诚向上, createdTime=Fri Nov 04 06:18:47 CST 2016, time=2016-11-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1533707, encodeId=3a901533e077d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b1b260e6fb' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#DNA修复#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6076, encryptionId=b1b260e6fb, topicName=DNA修复)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ff6f12479618, createdName=jambiya, createdTime=Fri Nov 04 03:06:00 CST 2016, time=2016-11-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=152898, encodeId=d39b152898ae, content=DNA修复过程中的一个重要组成部分,太重要啦!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160916/IMG57DBEDBBA66BD2947.jpg, createdBy=3b181951777, createdName=ren1mw, createdTime=Wed Nov 02 12:45:21 CST 2016, time=2016-11-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=152896, encodeId=f68a15289678, content=值得学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM7miblj4EHgFns3Mic85NWcRwwHYXCBDA8jW0GZ6iaZT55p0bicOcZXvsdT9henNafvCibicOUcwJtWUmkw/0, createdBy=a1fe1637734, createdName=wmw990556, createdTime=Wed Nov 02 12:36:45 CST 2016, time=2016-11-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=152891, encodeId=311015289156, content=关于DNA与RNA的故事远没有结束啊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib260FNcic8ThYZTmbW36JHpvHcnIog7VbWIQjibo1kwuH9obXRJJtqHn1hYHHLG0DpIMIBVFPhBBpQOJWDk1rbib2Y/0, createdBy=d27274268, createdName=sillywu, createdTime=Wed Nov 02 12:23:58 CST 2016, time=2016-11-02, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-11-02 ren1mw

    DNA修复过程中的一个重要组成部分,太重要啦!

    0

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    2016-11-02 wmw990556

    值得学习

    0

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    2016-11-02 sillywu

    关于DNA与RNA的故事远没有结束啊

    0

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