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Age & Ageing:这些精神症状或能提示痴呆发展的风险!

2021-07-18 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

早期痴呆症的NPS--特别是在AD患者中--可以成为疾病进展的有用预后标志。

阿尔茨海默病(AD)影响着全球超过4000万人,我国已有超过1000万名AD患者,目前尚无有效的治疗方法可以治愈。一项最新研究显示,对日常活动漠不关心或缺乏兴趣的老人更有可能发展成痴呆症。该研究于近日发表在美国神经病学学会(AAN)医学期刊《神经病学杂志》上。

重度淡漠的人痴呆可能性要高80%。对此,英国AD研究中心负责人表示,在痴呆症中,淡漠的症状很常见,但许多痴呆症患者被误诊为抑郁症,尤其是在早期阶段。因此,更好地了解一些不太为人所知的痴呆症症状,比如淡漠,将有助于开发更好的治疗方法。

其实,神经精神症状(NPS)在AD和其他类型痴呆中极其常见,通常比认知症状更麻烦。这些症状包括激越、攻击、妄想、幻觉、偏执、游走、抑郁、情感淡漠、脱抑制和睡眠紊乱。其中,60%-90%的痴呆患者存在一种或多种此类症状,发生率随疾病严重程度而增加。对于存在痴呆和认知功能障碍的患者,存在神经精神症状会导致更大程度的功能障碍。

此外,作为第二大常见的痴呆类型——路易体痴呆(LBD),早期精神功能波动明显,可以在数天至数周、甚至很短时间内出现大幅变化。同时,幻觉 、妄想 和偏执等精神病症状更常见,幻觉症状出现得更早。

目前,早期痴呆症的NPS被认为可以预测痴呆症进展的高风险然而,尚不清楚这种风险在AD和非AD痴呆以及不同NPS之间是否相似。为此,来自新加坡总医院精神科的教授考察了早期痴呆症中的NPSs与进展为严重痴呆症的风险之间的关系,特别是在AD和非AD中。

这项队列研究包括7594名年龄≥65岁并患有早期痴呆的参与者(全球临床痴呆评分[CDR] = 1)。参与者在基线时完成了神经精神病学调查问卷,并每年随访一次,以了解是否进展为严重痴呆(全球CDR=3)(中位随访=3.5年;四分位数范围=2.1-5.9年)。按AD和非AD分层,用Cox回归法来研究进展风险。

结果显示,NPS的存在与进展到严重痴呆的风险有关,其中,AD进展(HR=1.4,95%CI:1.1-1.6)风险增加40%,而与非AD(HR=0.9,95% CI:0.5-1.5)进展风险无关。当比较各种NPS时,AD中的7种NPS与疾病进展相关,它们是抑郁、焦虑、淡漠、妄想、幻觉、易怒和运动障碍(HR=1.2-1.6)。相比之下,只有幻觉和妄想与非AD的疾病进展有关(HR=1.7-1.9)。

综上,早期痴呆症的NPS--特别是在AD患者中--可以成为疾病进展的有用预后标志。它们可以为高级护理计划的讨论提供信息,并促使临床审查纳入可能解决疾病进展的循证干预措施。

 

参考文献:

Tau Ming Liew, Neuropsychiatric symptoms in early stage of Alzheimer’s and non-Alzheimer’s dementia, and the risk of progression to severe dementia, Age and Ageing, 2021;, afab044, https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afab044

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2032049, encodeId=41512032049ea, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=07c4e6558d5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#精神症状#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76558, encryptionId=07c4e6558d5, topicName=精神症状)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e87531, createdName=klivis, createdTime=Sat Jan 08 06:23:30 CST 2022, time=2022-01-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1001202, encodeId=6ba7100120286, content=🤔, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210719/89c583b697ed41a59543e156c66e3407/633ebdbcaa634023b0ab6e10a6536c7a.jpg, createdBy=9ac05184526, createdName=怿秋, createdTime=Tue Jul 20 17:38:50 CST 2021, time=2021-07-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1000763, encodeId=59b81000e6341, content=以前也需要神经心理问题的,有时候按心理疾病考虑可,现在看来应考虑周全,除外痴呆,长期看, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/05/12/539233de2bda9b8c67d179a9bf6036a1.jpg, createdBy=d4a42010049, createdName=叶子12, createdTime=Mon Jul 19 06:53:20 CST 2021, time=2021-07-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1000762, encodeId=46631000e6282, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/05/12/539233de2bda9b8c67d179a9bf6036a1.jpg, createdBy=d4a42010049, createdName=叶子12, createdTime=Mon Jul 19 06:51:45 CST 2021, time=2021-07-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1048836, encodeId=1ddd1048836f3, content=老年人痴呆何药可用??, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=junJUN, createdTime=Sun Jul 18 23:23:30 CST 2021, time=2021-07-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1000734, encodeId=4d201000e34de, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=110, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/DYAIOgq83eqH9rugpZngCJRbK3JJHAofGwbdxQ4c7oBXSb6g3mywgSpcne8RAK2vzvO5kNafLiaAJibtJict7vVtQ/132, createdBy=9cb42348116, createdName=122a5e7dm85暂无昵称, createdTime=Sun Jul 18 23:20:14 CST 2021, time=2021-07-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1000708, encodeId=13871000e087c, content=学到了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJgKMP6ibp8R6md224ZkvaqOKR8VPdROkKePpcj9QOhtaKBsQicIia2VV4sEnNAia09HC5f8sKpwItaSw/132, createdBy=5b332555169, createdName=ms48528954897568524411, createdTime=Sun Jul 18 22:42:47 CST 2021, time=2021-07-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-07-20 怿秋

    🤔

    0

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    2021-07-19 叶子12

    以前也需要神经心理问题的,有时候按心理疾病考虑可,现在看来应考虑周全,除外痴呆,长期看

    0

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    2021-07-19 叶子12

    学习了

    0

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    2021-07-18 junJUN

    老年人痴呆何药可用??

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2032049, encodeId=41512032049ea, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=07c4e6558d5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#精神症状#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76558, encryptionId=07c4e6558d5, topicName=精神症状)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e87531, createdName=klivis, createdTime=Sat Jan 08 06:23:30 CST 2022, time=2022-01-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1001202, encodeId=6ba7100120286, content=🤔, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210719/89c583b697ed41a59543e156c66e3407/633ebdbcaa634023b0ab6e10a6536c7a.jpg, createdBy=9ac05184526, createdName=怿秋, createdTime=Tue Jul 20 17:38:50 CST 2021, time=2021-07-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1000763, encodeId=59b81000e6341, content=以前也需要神经心理问题的,有时候按心理疾病考虑可,现在看来应考虑周全,除外痴呆,长期看, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/05/12/539233de2bda9b8c67d179a9bf6036a1.jpg, createdBy=d4a42010049, createdName=叶子12, createdTime=Mon Jul 19 06:53:20 CST 2021, time=2021-07-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1000762, encodeId=46631000e6282, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/05/12/539233de2bda9b8c67d179a9bf6036a1.jpg, createdBy=d4a42010049, createdName=叶子12, createdTime=Mon Jul 19 06:51:45 CST 2021, time=2021-07-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1048836, encodeId=1ddd1048836f3, content=老年人痴呆何药可用??, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=junJUN, createdTime=Sun Jul 18 23:23:30 CST 2021, time=2021-07-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1000734, encodeId=4d201000e34de, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=110, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/DYAIOgq83eqH9rugpZngCJRbK3JJHAofGwbdxQ4c7oBXSb6g3mywgSpcne8RAK2vzvO5kNafLiaAJibtJict7vVtQ/132, createdBy=9cb42348116, createdName=122a5e7dm85暂无昵称, createdTime=Sun Jul 18 23:20:14 CST 2021, time=2021-07-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1000708, encodeId=13871000e087c, content=学到了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJgKMP6ibp8R6md224ZkvaqOKR8VPdROkKePpcj9QOhtaKBsQicIia2VV4sEnNAia09HC5f8sKpwItaSw/132, createdBy=5b332555169, createdName=ms48528954897568524411, createdTime=Sun Jul 18 22:42:47 CST 2021, time=2021-07-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-07-18 122a5e7dm85暂无昵称

    学习

    0

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    2021-07-18 ms48528954897568524411

    学到了

    0

拓展阅读

Alzheimer’s & Dementia:蓝斑完整性与早发和晚发阿尔茨海默病患者的神经精神症状关系

早发型阿尔茨海默病患者的蓝斑退化更为显著,并与更严重的神经精神症状相关。这一发现强调了蓝斑在阿尔茨海默病神经精神症状中的重要作用。

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疗养院(NH)的居民通常是身体虚弱的老年人,本研究的主要目的是调查实施改良老年综合评估(m-CGA)和定期病例会议(CC)与标准实践相比对疗养院居民总神经精神症状负荷的短期影响。

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神经精神(NP)症状是神经退行性疾病和认知能力下降的突出特征,在痴呆症的各个阶段都非常普遍。NP症状好像还可以预测认知正常老年人认知障碍的发展以及从轻度认知障碍到痴呆的转变。

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临床实践中,亨廷顿病的神经精神症状有几种治疗策略和药物是可用的,本文主要针对亨廷顿病神经精神症状包括躁动,焦虑,冷漠,精神障碍和睡眠障碍的管理提出指导建议。

JAMA Psychiatry:抑郁与痴呆

早期的抑郁症状不会增加痴呆的风险,抑郁发展轨迹分析结果表明,抑郁症状是痴呆的前驱特征或二者有共同疾病表现,但不意味着抑郁症会增加痴呆风险

Dement Geriatr Cogn Dis Extra:老年康复患者神经精神症状患病率高

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