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medRxiv:地中海饮食结合得舒饮食有助于延缓帕金森症发病,对女性尤为明显

2020-07-17 Cathy 转化医学网

导言:帕金森病(PD)是一种常见的神经系统变性疾病,我国65岁以上人群PD的患病率大约是1.7%。大部分帕金森病患者为散发病例,仅有不到10%的患者有家族史。近日,加拿大科学家发现,由地中海饮食(Me

导言:帕金森病(PD)是一种常见的神经系统变性疾病,我国65岁以上人群PD的患病率大约是1.7%。大部分帕金森病患者为散发病例,仅有不到10%的患者有家族史。近日,加拿大科学家发现,由地中海饮食(MeDi)结合得舒饮食(DASH)而催生的MIND饮食有助于延缓帕金森症发病,尤其是对女性而言。

有许多流行病学研究调查了地区饮食习惯对人口健康和寿命的影响。在北美常见的西方饮食,以其高热量的加工和油炸食品、糖和红肉而被人们公认为不健康饮食。这种饮食习惯与许多疾病的发病率和严重程度有关,包括血管疾病、糖尿病和癌症。

而相反,地中海饮食(MeDi)最早是以其有助于降低癌症和心血管疾病相关的死亡率而闻名,其部分特点是富含抗氧化剂的蔬菜、全麦食品和减少摄入动物产品。有趣的是,有荟萃分析显示地中海饮食还可以降低神经退行性疾病的发生率,包括阿尔茨海默病(AD)和帕金森病(PD)。同样,得舒饮食(DASH)最初是为了减少心血管疾病而设计的,但也被发现可以促进认知健康。尽管与地中海饮食相似,但得舒饮食还包括了坚果、瘦肉和限制糖/钠的摄入量。


地中海饮食金字塔

在这两种饮食模式中,人们观察到了大脑健康状况的改善,于是就催生了MIND饮食,这种饮食方式将前两种饮食方式结合,以帮助人们最大限度地减少认知衰退。有研究证实,MIND饮食可使阿尔茨海默病发病率降低54%,并且比地中海饮食或得舒饮食更有益于认知健康。

近日,一项针对225名帕金森病患者的横断面研究表明,坚持MIND饮食与帕金森病的延迟发病有关,并存在一定的性别特异性。

这项研究由加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚大学的研究人员领导,并于7月14日发表在medRxiv预印本上,题目为“MIND diet associated with later onset of Parkinson’s disease”

研究人员通过加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚大学(UBC)太平洋帕金森病研究中心(PPRC),招募了在过去12年内被诊断为帕金森病的225名参与者进行研究。初步数据表明,MIND饮食可能是一种有效的延缓帕金森氏病的干预措施,尤其是对女性。

女性参与者更容易坚持MIND饮食

女性参与者的MIND饮食坚持得分比男性高0.8个单位。在线性回归模型中,在控制了年龄、病程和能量摄入后,这种差异仍然显著。


MIND饮食与帕金森病发病的性别差异性

坚持MIND饮食与延缓帕金森症发病有关,尤其是对女性

单因素线性回归分析显示MIND饮食评分与帕金森病发病年龄呈正相关。为了将MIND饮食的效果与先前的研究相比,研究人员采用了同样的线性模型,控制性别、能量摄入、教育程度和疾病持续时间。结果发现,该模型在显著性和效应大小上均高于先前报道的地中海饮食和帕金森病发病之间的相关性。

有趣的是,在这个模型中,女性组分析的结果比男性组更显著,并在单变量模型中也观察到了相同的性别特异性。


队列特征

研究人员表示,这是首次针对MIND饮食对帕金森病影响的研究。研究发现,不同的病理生理机制是导致男性和女性差异的基础,其中,女性对基于饮食的干预更敏感。作为对这一观点的补充,女性更容易坚持MIND饮食的倾向可能有助于降低帕金森病的发病率。这为以性别特异性的方式研究饮食对帕金森病病因的直接影响,提供了一个令人信服的理论基础。

原始出处:

Avril Metcalfe-Roach, Adam Yu, Ella Golz, et.al. MIND diet associated with later onset of Parkinson's disease. medRxiv July 14, 2020.

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    2020-07-20 健康达人

    地中海饮食是热点,被认为是最健康的饮食,而中国传统饮食一般被认为多半是不健康的,这是事实吗?其实需要更多严谨的科学证据,而不是猜测!

    0

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    2020-07-19 wgx311
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    2020-07-18 jin321

    怎么吃

    0

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