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Cell Chem Biol:新方法可关闭特定酶,抑制肿瘤生长

2018-01-22 佚名 生物探索

癌细胞与正常细胞最大的不同在于分裂速度,减缓细胞分裂从而减缓肿瘤生长,是当前比较流行的想法。最近,来自瑞典和英国的研究人员设计了一种新的方法,可以通过关闭特定的酶来阻止细胞分裂,从而抑制癌细胞的生长。研究结果发表在《Cell Chemical Biology》上。

虽然切断对生长细胞存活很重要的酶来对抗癌症,是一个很有前途的策略。但是,要在人体中仅关闭一种特定的酶,药物必须能够精准的靶向它们的目标。这对于膜蛋白来说尤其困难,因为它们只有在被纳入细胞膜的时候才能起作用。

乌普萨拉大学(Uppsala University)、卡罗林斯卡研究所(Karolinska Institutet)和牛津大学(University of Oxford)的研究人员为此做了新的尝试——通过非变性质谱的方法来观察脂质(细胞膜的组成部分)、药物以及二氢乳清酸脱氢酶(DHODH)的结合。

DHODH是一种含铁的黄素依赖的线粒体酶,是核酸中嘧啶合成的关键酶。它是免疫相关疾病的重要靶点,抑制DHODH,可以阻止新生嘧啶合成,致使DNA合成障碍,从而抑制肿瘤细胞的增殖。

卡罗林斯卡研究所助理教授Michael Landreh表示,令我们吃惊的是,当类脂分子出现时,药物似乎能更好地与酶结合。

研究小组还发现,DHODH还在细胞的线粒体呼吸链复合体中结合脂质。这意味着,这种酶可以使用特殊的脂质来找到它在细胞膜上的正确位置。

乌普萨拉大学Erik Marklund和Joana Costeira-Paulo试图弄清楚,为什么脂质可以帮助药物识别它的目标。他们利用计算机模拟来探索自由和膜结合的DHODH的结构和动力学。

Erik Marklund表示,我们的模拟显示,DHODH在膜中会使用一些脂类作为锚。当与这些脂类结合时,DHODH的一小部分会折叠成一个适配器,使其能够将其天然基质从膜中剥离出来。看来,药物因为在同个地方结合,所以利用了相同的机制。

这项研究有助于解释为什么有些药物与细胞内的蛋白有不同的结合。科学家相信他们的见解或可以开发新的、更具选择性的癌症药物。

原始出处:

Joana Costeira-Paulo, Joseph Gault, Gergana Popova, et.al. Lipids Shape the Electron Acceptor-Binding Site of the Peripheral Membrane Protein Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase. Cell Chemical Biology 18 January 2018

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    2018-06-12 sunylz
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    2018-06-22 维他命
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    2018-01-22 1ddf0692m34(暂无匿称)

    学习了.涨知识

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