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慢性心衰,或不应严格限盐!柳叶刀研究

2022-08-30 中国循环杂志 中国循环杂志

患者病情轻,从低钠饮食中获益不明显,那些病情更严重的患者,低钠饮食可能会奏效。

一般建议心衰患者应限制钠的摄入以防止体液过多,增加心脏负荷。ACC2022年会上发布的SODIUM-HF研究提示,对于慢性心衰患者也没必要太严格限制钠盐摄入,<3 g/天的饮食干预并没有减少不良事件。

研究同期发布在柳叶刀杂志。这是一项国际多中心随机对照研究,纳入来自澳大利亚、加拿大、智利、哥伦比亚、墨西哥和新西兰六个国家的26个医疗中心的慢性心力衰竭(NYHA心功能2~3级)患者806例,均接受最佳药物治疗。

SODIUM-HF研究中的806例患者被随机分配到低钠(<3 g/天)饮食组(n=397)或对照组(n=409)。

在基线检查和12个月期间,低钠组的钠摄入量中值从2.286 g/天降至1.658 g/天,而对照组的钠摄入量中值从2.119 g/天降至2.073 g/天。

随访至12个月时,在低钠饮食组15%的患者发生了复合终点事件(包括全因死亡和因心血管原因住院或急诊),对照组中该比例为17%。

低钠饮食组和对照组的全因死亡发生率分别为6%和4%,心血管相关住院发生率分别为10%和12%,心血管相关急诊就诊发生率均为4%。

两组间差异均无统计学意义。

此外,两组均未报告与研究治疗相关的不良事件。

有专家评论,本试验的局限性可能导致假阴性。

因为对照组盐摄入量也非常低,这使得两组之间的盐摄入量差异非常小(<500 mg)。该研究表明的是,没必要让患者坚持超低钠饮食。

另外,患者病情轻,从低钠饮食中获益不明显,那些病情更严重的患者,低钠饮食可能会奏效。

本刊近期一项研究发现,约两成心衰患者入院时有低钠血症,持续存在低钠血症的患者(入院时及出院前血钠均<135 mmol/L),出院后死亡风险将增加1.4倍。

来源:

[1] Reduction of dietary sodium to less than 100 mmol in heart failure (SODIUM-HF): an international, open-label, randomised, controlled trial. The Lancet, 2022, Published: April 02.

[2] 巫雪飞,宋静,赵亚男,等. 持续性低钠血症对射血分数降低的心力衰竭患者全因死亡的预测价值. 中国循环杂志, 2022, 37: 52-56. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-3614.2022.01.008

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    2022-08-30 ms1000001165976651

    👍

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1242132, encodeId=8ba112421328f, content=👍, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=48d48300322, createdName=ms1000001165976651, createdTime=Tue Aug 30 21:55:00 CST 2022, time=2022-08-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1242137, encodeId=62f4124213e58, content=好文章,值得一读。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJlfgys76DEiaNtbYo2re3ibjrUPTRibEXRyFwAB4aAGiave842S0FQDf0wAoaH226NiaSoPPDzhndsf1g/132, createdBy=88b489038, createdName=yangchou, createdTime=Tue Aug 30 22:01:48 CST 2022, time=2022-08-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1242170, encodeId=a7c912421e0f9, content=认真学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6EF3hKja8nER8RMzxQdria9eCYFhgLTLsDOeqnvIYdeLDz5eP6EnicLuE5gibiawgno4zUA0jAR7Nbtp2llQ9fs3Mk/0, createdBy=278f1986883, createdName=医鸣惊人, createdTime=Tue Aug 30 22:34:12 CST 2022, time=2022-08-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1242173, encodeId=dcba12421e39b, content=非常好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=126, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=39c15502481, createdName=ms6000000255620679, createdTime=Tue Aug 30 22:44:14 CST 2022, time=2022-08-30, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-08-30 yangchou

    好文章,值得一读。

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1242132, encodeId=8ba112421328f, content=👍, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=48d48300322, createdName=ms1000001165976651, createdTime=Tue Aug 30 21:55:00 CST 2022, time=2022-08-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1242137, encodeId=62f4124213e58, content=好文章,值得一读。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJlfgys76DEiaNtbYo2re3ibjrUPTRibEXRyFwAB4aAGiave842S0FQDf0wAoaH226NiaSoPPDzhndsf1g/132, createdBy=88b489038, createdName=yangchou, createdTime=Tue Aug 30 22:01:48 CST 2022, time=2022-08-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1242170, encodeId=a7c912421e0f9, content=认真学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6EF3hKja8nER8RMzxQdria9eCYFhgLTLsDOeqnvIYdeLDz5eP6EnicLuE5gibiawgno4zUA0jAR7Nbtp2llQ9fs3Mk/0, createdBy=278f1986883, createdName=医鸣惊人, createdTime=Tue Aug 30 22:34:12 CST 2022, time=2022-08-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1242173, encodeId=dcba12421e39b, content=非常好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=126, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=39c15502481, createdName=ms6000000255620679, createdTime=Tue Aug 30 22:44:14 CST 2022, time=2022-08-30, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-08-30 医鸣惊人

    认真学习了

    0

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    2022-08-30 ms6000000255620679

    非常好

    0

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