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Nat Commun:尼古丁通过招募N2嗜中性粒细胞促进乳腺癌的肺转移

2021-01-28 xiaozeng MedSci原创

嗜中性粒细胞(PMN)是血液循环中最丰富的白细胞(50-70%),其在炎症反应和宿主防御的微生物感染中起着至关重要的作用。

嗜中性粒细胞(PMN)是血液循环中最丰富的白细胞(50-70%),其在炎症反应和宿主防御的微生物感染中起着至关重要的作用。近年来的研究显示,嗜中性粒细胞被认为是调节肿瘤生长和转移的免疫反应的一部分。然而,由于嗜中性粒细胞也被证实具有抗肿瘤特性,因此,嗜中性粒细胞在肿瘤发生发展过程中的确切作用一直存在争论。

越来越多的证据表明,诸如香烟烟雾之类的环境污染物的长期影响会对对先天和适应性免疫系统造成不利的影响,并对吸烟者的免疫力和健康有害。此外,吸烟能够通过激活STAT3、AKT和NF-kB等信号通路诱导肺癌中EMT进程的发生。


有趣的是,尽管烟是非致癌物,但香烟的主要成瘾成分尼古丁却能促进癌症的发生发展。种种强有力的迹象表明,尼古丁可以通过减弱NK细胞的活性、T细胞的增殖、巨噬细胞的抗原加工活性和树突状细胞的数量来显著促进香烟烟雾诱导的免疫抑制作用。

尼古丁诱导嗜中性粒细胞促进肺转移前生态位的形成

此外,流行病学研究也显示,吸烟/尼古丁与各种癌症风险的升高显著相关。且有研究显示,吸烟与浸润性乳腺癌妇女的肺转移负担的增加显著相关。然而,目前对于尼古丁的隐性作用及其对嗜中性粒细胞在乳腺癌肺转移中潜在的直接作用的了解还知之甚少。


在这项研究中,研究人员证实,长期摄入尼古丁可通过募集促肿瘤N2-嗜中性粒细胞,在乳腺癌肺转移前生态位的形成中发挥着关键作用。这种转移前生态位促进了STAT3激活的LCN2(lipocalin 2)的释放,其是N2-嗜中性粒细胞分泌的糖蛋白,并诱导肿瘤细胞的间充质-上皮(EMT)转化,最终促进肿瘤细胞的定植和转移性生长。

尼古丁诱导肺转移的相关模型

进一步的研究显示,在早期乳腺癌患者和有吸烟史的无癌症女性中,血清和尿液中的LCN2水平升高,说明LCN2可作为预测女性吸烟者转移性疾病风险升高的潜在的预后生物学标志物。此外,天然化合物红景天苷(salidroside)能够有效的消除尼古丁引起的中性粒细胞极化作用,从而减少激素受体阴性的乳腺癌细胞的肺转移。


总而言之,该研究结果显示,尼古丁能够诱导N2-嗜中性粒细胞介导的促乳腺癌细胞肺转移作用,并阐明了天然化合物红景天苷在乳腺癌患者中增强嗜中性粒细胞的抗肿瘤活性的治疗用途。


原始出处:

Tyagi, A., Sharma, S., Wu, K. et al. Nicotine promotes breast cancer metastasis by stimulating N2 neutrophils and generating pre-metastatic niche in lung. Nat Commun 12, 474 (20 January 2021).

 

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    2021-06-01 liuli5079
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    2021-08-31 liye789132251
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