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Alzheimer Dementia:哪些血液标记物,可预测痴呆前兆?

2021-09-16 Freeman MedSci原创

在12个月的时间里,Aβ+ CU的GFAP和p-tau181增加,Aβ- CU的NFL增加。

阿尔茨海默病(AD)是一种进行性的神经退行性疾病,会导致认知能力退化并最终死亡,是最常见的痴呆症,占其病例的近60%至70%。

2020年,全球有≈5000万痴呆症患者,每年有近1000万新病例。鉴于目前只有对症的药物,但还没有治愈或改变疾病的治疗方法,为高危人群确定诊断和纵向监测的生物标志物对于帮助评估临床试验的效果是至关重要的。

由于存在一个漫长的临床前阶段,即在出现临床症状之前,标志蛋白病(淀粉样斑块和神经纤维缠结)的发展,为研究生物标志物提供了机会,可以帮助这些高危人群的诊断和预后。例如,正电子发射断层扫描(PET)和脑脊液(CSF)分析可以揭示大脑淀粉样β(Aβ)和高磷酸化tau(p-tau)的异常水平,这些病症在症状发生前的20年开始积累。

然而,这些标志物在临床上的常规应用可能因其有限的可用性、高成本和侵入性而受到阻碍,因此,更容易获得的诊断方法,如基于血液的生物标志物正在被深入研究。


最近的一些研究报道,血浆胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)、总tau(t-tau)和p-tau181和p-tau231以及神经丝光(NFL)的水平在AD中较高,并建议它们可以作为AD的潜在血液生物标志物,因为它们可能反映了AD相关的神经病理过程,如星形胶质细胞增多和轴突细胞骨骼结构的破坏。

在目前的研究中,我们对血浆GFAP、t-tau、p-tau181和p-tau231以及临床前AD的NFL进行了平行调查,比较了没有脑淀粉样变(Aβ-)的无认知障碍的老年人(CU)和被归类为AD临床前阶段(以存在脑淀粉样变(Aβ+)为特征)的CU之间这些蛋白的循环水平。使用超灵敏的单分子阵列(Simoa)平台测量血浆GFAP、tau(包括t-tau、p-tau181和p-tau231)和NFL水平,并在基线和12个月的随访时间点进行横断面分析,以确定它们是否能够区分这些群体。

藉此,澳大利亚 Macquarie University的Pratishtha Chatterjee1等人假设,与Aβ组相比,Aβ+组在基线和12个月的随访中,这些血浆生物标志物会更高。对我们相隔12个月的横断面观察进行验证,可以深入了解这些生物标志物在临床前AD中的可靠性,并评估它们是否有价值,以协助识别Aβ+CU以招募到临床试验中。

与Aβ-组相比,Aβ+组的血浆GFAP、p-tau181和p-tau231浓度更高,GFAP的效应大小最高。在区分Aβ+组和Aβ-组方面,GFAP、p-tau181和p-tau231之间没有观察到统计学意义上的差异;然而,当GFAP加入到包括年龄、性别和脂蛋白E基因(APOE)ε4状态等AD风险因素的模型中时,与加入到包括AD风险因素的模型中的其他蛋白相比,具有最高的鉴别准确性。

此外,他们还评估了Aβ组和Aβ+组的血浆GFAP、t-tau、p-tau181、p-tau231和NFL在12个月内的纵向变化,因为了解血液生物标志物随时间的纵向变化将为确定使用这些生物标志物作为结果指标是否对提高设计和解释疾病的临床治疗试验的效率提供有价值的见解。

他们使用Simoa检测法对认知障碍的老年人(CU)的血浆蛋白进行检测,这些老年人没有(Aβ-)或存在(Aβ+)脑淀粉样变

他们发现:与Aβ-CU相比,Aβ+CU的血浆GFAP、t-tau、p-tau181和p-tau231的横断面浓度更高。GFAP在区分Aβ+和Aβ-CU方面具有最高的效应大小和曲线下面积(AUC);

然而,GFAP、p-tau181和p-tau231的AUC之间没有统计学上的明显差异,但都明显高于NFL的AUC,而且GFAP的AUC高于t-tau的AUC。

基础模型(BM)包括AD风险因素、年龄、性别和脂蛋白E基因(APOE)ε4状态与GFAP的组合被观察到,与BM与本研究中调查的任何其他蛋白的组合相比,AUC更高(>90%)。

纵向分析显示,在12个月的时间里,Aβ+ CU的GFAP和p-tau181增加,Aβ- CU的NFL增加。GFAP、p-tau181、p-tau231和NFL与认知能力显示出明显的相关性,而与海马体积没有观察到明显的相关性。

 

原文出处:
Chatterjee P, Pedrini S, Ashton NJ, et al. Diagnostic and prognostic plasma biomarkers for preclinical Alzheimer’s disease.Alzheimer’s & Dementia. Published online September 8, 2021:alz.12447.

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    2022-03-06 wjywjy
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    2021-09-17 1244c0ebm28暂无昵称

    多动脑

    0

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    2021-09-17 junJUN

    老年人痴呆何药可用??

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1904560, encodeId=46221904560bb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b8aa619690e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#标记物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=61969, encryptionId=b8aa619690e, topicName=标记物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=1072181, createdName=wjywjy, createdTime=Sun Mar 06 23:54:20 CST 2022, time=2022-03-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1718064, encodeId=005b1e18064e9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8f0658433a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#dementia#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5843, encryptionId=8f0658433a, topicName=dementia)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=307e32501717, createdName=linlin2323, createdTime=Sun Dec 19 04:54:20 CST 2021, time=2021-12-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2082307, encodeId=765e208230e6d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=737789285f1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血液标记物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89285, encryptionId=737789285f1, topicName=血液标记物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ce072500140, createdName=12498b3em08(暂无昵称), createdTime=Tue Jan 18 17:54:20 CST 2022, time=2022-01-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1052404, encodeId=039a105240479, content=多动脑, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e8212476654, createdName=1244c0ebm28暂无昵称, createdTime=Fri Sep 17 20:54:01 CST 2021, time=2021-09-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1052757, encodeId=c1871052e57e1, content=老年人痴呆何药可用??, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=138, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=junJUN, createdTime=Fri Sep 17 07:54:20 CST 2021, time=2021-09-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1246287, encodeId=a4b2124628e6b, content=老年性痴呆,未来还是希望借助神经电生理吧,也许更为有效!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=neuro.Dr, createdTime=Fri Sep 17 07:54:20 CST 2021, time=2021-09-17, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-09-17 neuro.Dr

    老年性痴呆,未来还是希望借助神经电生理吧,也许更为有效!

    0

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