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Lancet:黄体酮保胎治疗的60年之争

2021-03-30 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

阴道黄体酮和17-OHPC都能减少高风险单胎妊娠34周前的早产风险。

据统计,近20%的怀孕会遭遇流产风险。孕期各项检查的数值高低往往都牵动着准爸妈的心,其中黄体酮(也称孕酮)便是最受关注的指标之一。但是,孕期补充黄体酮是否可以起到“保胎”效果一直备受争议。

关于黄体酮在孕早期出血女性中的作用,人们已经研究和辩论了大约60年,但我们一直缺乏高质量的证据。自1960年代以来,孕激素补充疗法就被用于预防高危女性自发性早产,包括天然孕激素孕酮(也称黄体酮)和人工合成孕激素。

去年发表在顶级期刊《新英格兰医学杂志》的一项试验回答了黄体酮对降低流产风险的作用。研究表明,有流产史且当下孕早期出血、面临流产风险的女性可以从黄体酮治疗中获益。这对于临床实践具有重大意义,可以挽救数千名可能无法来到世上的婴儿。

为了更加系统地对这个问题进行全面的回答,来自国际EPPPIC的国际组织进行了一次系统性的荟萃分析,比较了阴道黄体酮治疗、肌肉注射己酸17-羟孕酮(人工合成孕激素)或口服黄体酮与对照组比较,对有早产风险的孕产妇的保护作用。相关结果发表在最新的《柳叶刀》(Lancet)杂志上。

研究人员通过检索MEDLINE、Embase、CINAHL、Maternity and Infant Care Database和相关试验登记册,确定了2016年7月30日前完成主要数据收集的已发表和未发表的试验。最终纳入了31项试验中11644名女性和16185名后代的个人数据。

结果显示,与对照组相比,接受阴道黄体酮治疗(9项试验,3769名妇女;RR=0.78,95%CI 0.68-0.90)的孕妇34周前的早产风险降低22%,同时,口服黄体酮(2项试验,181名妇女;OR=0.60)的妇女34周前早产减少40%。而接受17-OHPC(5项试验,3053名妇女;OR=0.83,0.68-1.01)的孕妇则降低17%。

与34周前早产结果相比,孕中期早产(<28周)和所有早产(<37周)的新生儿结局结果基本一致。但同时,接受引道黄体酮和人工孕激素治疗还改善了其它方面:1.围产期死亡率分别降低26%和12%;2.新生儿所有并发症风险降低18%和19%;3.新生儿多项出生指标提高。

然而,对于双胎妊娠,阴道黄体酮并不能减少34周前的早产、17-OHPC也不能减少双胞胎或三胞胎的早产风险。在多胎妊娠中,暴露于17-OHPC会增加58%胎膜早破的风险。但没有发现一致的证据表明阴道黄体酮或17-OHPC对其他结果有益或有害。

综上,阴道黄体酮和17-OHPC都能减少高风险单胎妊娠34周前的早产风险。但口服黄体酮的证据仍不够充分,因此对高危单胎妊娠妇女进行决策时,应共同考虑个人的风险、潜在的益处、危害和干预的实用性。

 

参考文献:

EPPPIC Group. Evaluating Progestogens for Preventing Preterm birth International Collaborative (EPPPIC): meta-analysis of individual participant data from randomised controlled trials. Lancet. 2021 Mar 27;397(10280):1183-1194. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00217-8.

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    2021-08-08 howi
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    2021-03-31 神盾医疗局局长Jack

    阴道黄体酮和17-OHPC都能减少高风险单胎妊娠34周前的早产风险。但口服黄体酮的证据仍不够充分,因此对高危单胎妊娠妇女进行决策时,应共同考虑个人的风险、潜在的益处、危害和干预的实用性。

    0

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    2021-03-31 goodbing

    顶刊就是不一样,质量很高,内容精彩!学到很多

    0

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    2021-03-30 水-晶

    进来学习了

    0

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孕期因素如孕前超重或肥胖、孕期体重增加、妊娠糖尿病及孕期吸烟与儿童后期出现高BMI轨迹之间的显著关联。

JAMA 子刊:新冠感染与早产和妊娠相关并发症风险升高相关

新冠感染与增加的早产和妊娠相关并发症风险相关

JAMA:从孕前到幼儿期的多领域干预对儿童神经发育有益

在孕前、孕期和幼儿期进行多领域干预,可适度改善儿童24月龄时神经发育。

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