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罗荣城:糖尿病与肝细胞癌相关性的研究进展

2014-07-11 刘新会 陈逢生 李爱民 罗荣城 医学论坛网

在7月4日的第八届中国肿瘤内科大会上,南方医科大学中西医结合肿瘤中心的罗荣城教授介绍了糖尿病与肝细胞癌相关性的研究进展。 糖尿病是一个伴随有高血糖、胰岛素抵抗和高胰岛素血症的综合征,近年来有研究表明糖尿病很可能是肝细胞癌(HCC)的一个独立的致病因素,但对于糖尿病是否会增加不同肝炎感染导致的肝细胞癌的风险尚存在争议。糖尿病对肝癌的 转移和侵袭有一定的影响,有研究证实了糖尿病是非肝炎病

在7月4日的第八届中国肿瘤内科大会上,南方医科大学中西医结合肿瘤中心的罗荣城教授介绍了糖尿病与肝细胞癌相关性的研究进展。

糖尿病是一个伴随有高血糖、胰岛素抵抗和高胰岛素血症的综合征,近年来有研究表明糖尿病很可能是肝细胞癌(HCC)的一个独立的致病因素,但对于糖尿病是否会增加不同肝炎感染导致的肝细胞癌的风险尚存在争议。糖尿病对肝癌的 转移和侵袭有一定的影响,有研究证实了糖尿病是非肝炎病毒感染导致的肝细胞癌患者术后不良预后因素之一,但具体对不同肝炎背景导致的肝癌的预后影响和不同 治疗手段的预后影响尚未达成共识。随着越来越多的流行病学研究证实糖尿病与HCC之间的密切联系,关于其相关机制的研究也越来越多。主要有四个方面:①非 酒精性脂肪肝病(NAFLD)和非酒精性脂肪肝炎(NASH);②氧化应激/反应性活性氧(ROS)累积;③胰岛素抵抗(IR)/高胰岛素血症;④核受体 共刺激因子5(NCOA5)。这四个方面相互影响共同参与了糖尿病与肝细胞癌的发生发展,但具体的机制目前仍不明确。

原发性肝癌经典的发生发展过程为肝炎、肝硬化、肝癌“三部曲”,目前越来越多研究不论是从流行病学研究还是从基础研究都证实了糖尿病与肝癌“三部曲” 的关系密切。但流行病学调查因研究对象数目、分布不同,研究条件不同,研究者的差异导致一些流行病学调查结果仍存在不同甚至是相反的结果。而且大多数研究 都没有对糖尿病进行分型即对其发病机理进行辨别,这可能也是影响研究结果差异的原因之一。在糖尿病是否为HCC的独立危险因素、不同降糖方式对HCC的影 响、糖尿病与肝癌其他致病原因之间的关系、糖尿病对不同原因导致的肝癌的预后影响、糖尿病对肝癌不同治疗手段的预后影响等方面仍需进一步研究。

现在大多数研究都是针对西方发达国家的病例对照研究,缺少前瞻性的队列研究。在我国等发展中国家关于糖尿病与肝细胞癌的相关研究还少见报道。因HCC 在我国的主要致病因素为肝炎病毒感染,主要以HBV最为常见,而在西方国家,HCC的主要是NASH等非肝炎病毒性肝癌,这提示在我国进行的流行病学调查 研究可能会有不同的结果。在机制方面,糖尿病可能通过胰岛素抵抗、高胰岛素血症、氧化应激损伤、炎症反应等影响肝癌的发生发展,但其中具体机制研究仍不明 确,NCOA5对糖尿病和肝癌的影响是一重要的研究发现,但对于NCOA5与NASH、肥胖和不同细胞中胰岛素通路的影响尚不明确,仍需要针对其相关机制 的深入研究。因而,在我国仍需要进一步的关于糖尿病与肝细胞癌的的流行病学研究以及相关机制的进一步探讨。

糖尿病与肝癌关系研究:

Chiang CH, Huang KC.Association between metabolic factors and chronic hepatitis B virus infection.World J Gastroenterol. 2014 Jun 21;20(23):7213-7216.

Kawaguchi T, Kohjima M, Ichikawa T, Seike M, Ide Y, Mizuta T, Honda K, Nakao K, Nakamuta M, Sata M.The morbidity and associated risk factors of cancer in chronic liver disease patients with diabetes mellitus: a multicenter field survey.J Gastroenterol. 2014 Jun 10.

糖尿病与肿瘤相关文献:

Brower V.Illuminating the diabetes-cancer link.J Natl Cancer Inst. 2012 Jul 18;104(14):1048-50

Sheen YJ, Sheu WH.Links among type 2 diabetes, cancer and metformin use: what have we learned?Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2012 Aug;97(2):169-71.

Jorde R, Schirmer H, Wilsgaard T, Joakimsen RM, Mathiesen EB, Njølstad I, Løchen ML, Figenschau Y, Berg JP, Svartberg J, Grimnes G.Polymorphisms related to the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and risk of myocardial infarction, diabetes, cancer and mortality. The Tromsø Study.PLoS One. 2012;7(5):e37295. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0037295.

Gallagher EJ, LeRoith D.Diabetes, cancer, and metformin: connections of metabolism and cell proliferation.Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2011 Dec;1243:54-68

Mascitelli L, Pezzetta F, Goldstein MR.Diabetes, cancer and iron.Diabetologia. 2010 Sep;53(9):2071-2.

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    2015-04-11 x35042875

    糖尿病肾病进展风险的关系没有发现。

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    2015-04-11 x35042875

    糖尿病肾病进展风险的关系没有发现。

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    2015-05-02 xjy02
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