Baidu
map

破坏性生殖技术让“设计婴儿”正成为现实,超人可能不是梦想

2017-02-03 MedSci MedSci原创

美国布朗大学医学科学教授艾利·阿达西、哈佛大学法学院教授格伦·科恩、医学院院长乔治·戴利在日前出版的《科学转化医学》杂志发表论文,讨论了在实验室培养皿中制造出精子和卵子——所谓的“体外配子(In vitro gametogenesis, IVG)”技术的理论意义和可能会引发的伦理问题。 文章指出,最近已有多项实验证明,科学家们能在实验鼠身上使用IVG技术。不过,由于存在不少技术壁垒

美国布朗大学医学科学教授艾利·阿达西、哈佛大学法学院教授格伦·科恩、医学院院长乔治·戴利在日前出版的《科学转化医学》杂志发表论文,讨论了在实验室培养皿中制造出精子和卵子——所谓的“体外配子(In vitro gametogenesis, IVG)”技术的理论意义和可能会引发的伦理问题。

文章指出,最近已有多项实验证明,科学家们能在实验鼠身上使用IVG技术。不过,由于存在不少技术壁垒,人类配子无法由其他人体细胞制成,IVG目前尚不能在人体进行。作者们在文中写道:“生殖医学和再生医学领域的进步超乎我们的想象,在不远的将来,科学家们或许能在实验室培养皿中制造出人类精子和卵子,这一可能性为治疗不孕不育带来希望,但也会引发巨大的伦理问题,比如‘设计婴儿’,我们现在应该未雨绸缪,进行广泛而深入的探讨,提出相应的管理措施。”

实验鼠身上获成功

IVG指的是在实验室培养皿中,利用多能干细胞制造出精子和卵子细胞。这些多能干细胞可能是胚胎干细胞,或者诱导多能干细胞(iPS细胞)。科学家们通过对一些“成年”细胞(比如皮肤细胞)进行重编程,使其“变身”为iPS细胞,这种细胞能再次变成多种类型的细胞。

最近已报道了几个在老鼠身上开展IVG取得成功的例子。如2016年,日本科学家报告称,他们能在实验室培养皿中重现完整的实验鼠卵子生成过程。通过对实验鼠的胚胎干细胞或iPS细胞进行重编程,让其变为原始生殖细胞;接着将这些细胞同其他支持老鼠卵子发育的细胞混合,在实验室培养皿中制造出一个“卵巢”;然后向培养皿中添加多种激素及其他化合物,诱使这些细胞发育成卵子细胞。这些卵子细胞同精子结合,孵化出了一群健康的幼鼠。

此外,2016年2月,中国科学家首次实现小鼠胚胎干细胞体外分化并获得具有功能的精子细胞,且成功用其繁衍出老鼠后代。在实验中,南京医科大学沙家豪教授和中国科学院动物研究所周琪院士、赵小阳教授(现单位为南方医科大学)等人选取老鼠的胚胎干细胞,再用化学物质、激素和睾丸组织等加以引导,使之成为精子,再通过人工授精的方法将其注入老鼠卵细胞,成功使卵细胞受孕,并培育出健康的老鼠后代。

因此从理论上来说,科学家们或能借助IVG技术,用成年人的皮肤细胞制造出人类的精子和卵子。

阿达西、科恩和戴利在论文中指出:“种种科学突破表明,通过对实验进行不断地优化,科学家们在不远的未来,可以借助人类干细胞,在实验室制造出卵子和精子。”

好处与争议并存

科恩表示,如果把IVG技术用在人类身上,将彻底变革医生们通过试管受精(IVF)治疗不孕不育症的方式。目前,有生育问题的妇女可能会求助IVF,治疗期间,她们一般需要接受几周时间的激素注射来刺激卵子生成,然后通过手术取得卵子。

IVG不需要这些步骤,而且,如果女性无法使用自身卵子,也不需要找到卵子捐赠者。这一方法还能产生大量卵子和精子细胞,让科研人员更容易研究胚胎和某些疾病的发育过程,加深对生殖细胞的科学理解。

但IVG也可能引发新的伦理问题。比如,诊所可能会为客户制造数十个卵子或胚胎,让父母从中挑选出“理想”的胚胎,加强了人们对“设计婴儿”的担忧。此外,IVG可能使人们利用单个人的细胞生成精子和卵子,从而制造出“单亲婴儿”。不过,科学家们目前并不清楚来自男性的细胞是否能产生卵子或者相反,以及“单亲婴儿”是否存在与双亲孩童同样的健康问题;最后,如果精子和卵子细胞能由皮肤细胞制造而成,人们可能会在毫无知觉的情况下成为父母,这也会引发大量问题。

研究人员还强调,论文中提到的有些令人忧心的情景要想变成现实,可能需要对人类遗传学进行更深刻的理解。“然而,即使在现阶段,我们也应该讨论IVG可能会引发的伦理问题。”


原始出处:

I. GLENN COHEN. Disruptive reproductive technologies.Science Translational Medicine 11 Jan 2017: Vol. 9, Issue 372, DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aag2959

版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (6)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=174119, encodeId=22841e4119db, content=也是挺可怕的事情……, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=97, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=eeef1960262, createdName=杨柳青青, createdTime=Sat Feb 04 09:13:46 CST 2017, time=2017-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=174117, encodeId=b21d1e4117c0, content=科学一定要造福人类, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=89, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220115/46bcf39c32de4aa6b45c5f9d66c8ee77/6cb4a20c55bb4b7691122f47747bfca2.jpg, createdBy=9dad1662329, createdName=1ddf0692m34(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Feb 04 09:10:17 CST 2017, time=2017-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=174095, encodeId=2fd11e4095dd, content=当伦理阻碍了科技的进步,新的物种将会在打破伦理的那部分中产生, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM5rqTiaMSVSkFAupcTECOTdcVRmJQXbibJoicv5ibhcpa0vj5MGmac8wlPjuGnJISZGtOnC7rW0gbLuSE7iaEvAn0CC52ZhnRLdxtlQ/0, createdBy=1e291737907, createdName=1df01bccm39(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Feb 04 08:15:51 CST 2017, time=2017-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=174089, encodeId=d0041e4089b0, content=科学是把双刃剑, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/DYAIOgq83eotHc7cjrVcIHD9L2n3LzcQo1WSYledtExBOM76QRXV0FrtWOsoLNA9xaJmBjsBFwPvC7fNarGfAg/132, createdBy=531e1939570, createdName=一个尘埃, createdTime=Sat Feb 04 07:26:17 CST 2017, time=2017-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=174075, encodeId=75421e407582, content=好处与争议并存, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo5nmIH5IQqCKjJgSCuicPWUWOUcdqt1ROPnEiaOYN4pSHibDv8la3OxNLalvuvUXn8clpJlrpuyTpckgt9OPkeSSdT/0, createdBy=8fd71930726, createdName=半夏微凉, createdTime=Sat Feb 04 06:59:15 CST 2017, time=2017-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=174043, encodeId=b6471e404334, content=谢谢了,学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=30331616752, createdName=txqjm, createdTime=Sat Feb 04 00:11:12 CST 2017, time=2017-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-02-04 杨柳青青

    也是挺可怕的事情……

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=174119, encodeId=22841e4119db, content=也是挺可怕的事情……, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=97, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=eeef1960262, createdName=杨柳青青, createdTime=Sat Feb 04 09:13:46 CST 2017, time=2017-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=174117, encodeId=b21d1e4117c0, content=科学一定要造福人类, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=89, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220115/46bcf39c32de4aa6b45c5f9d66c8ee77/6cb4a20c55bb4b7691122f47747bfca2.jpg, createdBy=9dad1662329, createdName=1ddf0692m34(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Feb 04 09:10:17 CST 2017, time=2017-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=174095, encodeId=2fd11e4095dd, content=当伦理阻碍了科技的进步,新的物种将会在打破伦理的那部分中产生, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM5rqTiaMSVSkFAupcTECOTdcVRmJQXbibJoicv5ibhcpa0vj5MGmac8wlPjuGnJISZGtOnC7rW0gbLuSE7iaEvAn0CC52ZhnRLdxtlQ/0, createdBy=1e291737907, createdName=1df01bccm39(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Feb 04 08:15:51 CST 2017, time=2017-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=174089, encodeId=d0041e4089b0, content=科学是把双刃剑, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/DYAIOgq83eotHc7cjrVcIHD9L2n3LzcQo1WSYledtExBOM76QRXV0FrtWOsoLNA9xaJmBjsBFwPvC7fNarGfAg/132, createdBy=531e1939570, createdName=一个尘埃, createdTime=Sat Feb 04 07:26:17 CST 2017, time=2017-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=174075, encodeId=75421e407582, content=好处与争议并存, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo5nmIH5IQqCKjJgSCuicPWUWOUcdqt1ROPnEiaOYN4pSHibDv8la3OxNLalvuvUXn8clpJlrpuyTpckgt9OPkeSSdT/0, createdBy=8fd71930726, createdName=半夏微凉, createdTime=Sat Feb 04 06:59:15 CST 2017, time=2017-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=174043, encodeId=b6471e404334, content=谢谢了,学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=30331616752, createdName=txqjm, createdTime=Sat Feb 04 00:11:12 CST 2017, time=2017-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-02-04 1ddf0692m34(暂无匿称)

    科学一定要造福人类

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=174119, encodeId=22841e4119db, content=也是挺可怕的事情……, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=97, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=eeef1960262, createdName=杨柳青青, createdTime=Sat Feb 04 09:13:46 CST 2017, time=2017-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=174117, encodeId=b21d1e4117c0, content=科学一定要造福人类, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=89, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220115/46bcf39c32de4aa6b45c5f9d66c8ee77/6cb4a20c55bb4b7691122f47747bfca2.jpg, createdBy=9dad1662329, createdName=1ddf0692m34(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Feb 04 09:10:17 CST 2017, time=2017-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=174095, encodeId=2fd11e4095dd, content=当伦理阻碍了科技的进步,新的物种将会在打破伦理的那部分中产生, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM5rqTiaMSVSkFAupcTECOTdcVRmJQXbibJoicv5ibhcpa0vj5MGmac8wlPjuGnJISZGtOnC7rW0gbLuSE7iaEvAn0CC52ZhnRLdxtlQ/0, createdBy=1e291737907, createdName=1df01bccm39(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Feb 04 08:15:51 CST 2017, time=2017-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=174089, encodeId=d0041e4089b0, content=科学是把双刃剑, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/DYAIOgq83eotHc7cjrVcIHD9L2n3LzcQo1WSYledtExBOM76QRXV0FrtWOsoLNA9xaJmBjsBFwPvC7fNarGfAg/132, createdBy=531e1939570, createdName=一个尘埃, createdTime=Sat Feb 04 07:26:17 CST 2017, time=2017-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=174075, encodeId=75421e407582, content=好处与争议并存, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo5nmIH5IQqCKjJgSCuicPWUWOUcdqt1ROPnEiaOYN4pSHibDv8la3OxNLalvuvUXn8clpJlrpuyTpckgt9OPkeSSdT/0, createdBy=8fd71930726, createdName=半夏微凉, createdTime=Sat Feb 04 06:59:15 CST 2017, time=2017-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=174043, encodeId=b6471e404334, content=谢谢了,学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=30331616752, createdName=txqjm, createdTime=Sat Feb 04 00:11:12 CST 2017, time=2017-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-02-04 1df01bccm39(暂无匿称)

    当伦理阻碍了科技的进步,新的物种将会在打破伦理的那部分中产生

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=174119, encodeId=22841e4119db, content=也是挺可怕的事情……, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=97, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=eeef1960262, createdName=杨柳青青, createdTime=Sat Feb 04 09:13:46 CST 2017, time=2017-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=174117, encodeId=b21d1e4117c0, content=科学一定要造福人类, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=89, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220115/46bcf39c32de4aa6b45c5f9d66c8ee77/6cb4a20c55bb4b7691122f47747bfca2.jpg, createdBy=9dad1662329, createdName=1ddf0692m34(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Feb 04 09:10:17 CST 2017, time=2017-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=174095, encodeId=2fd11e4095dd, content=当伦理阻碍了科技的进步,新的物种将会在打破伦理的那部分中产生, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM5rqTiaMSVSkFAupcTECOTdcVRmJQXbibJoicv5ibhcpa0vj5MGmac8wlPjuGnJISZGtOnC7rW0gbLuSE7iaEvAn0CC52ZhnRLdxtlQ/0, createdBy=1e291737907, createdName=1df01bccm39(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Feb 04 08:15:51 CST 2017, time=2017-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=174089, encodeId=d0041e4089b0, content=科学是把双刃剑, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/DYAIOgq83eotHc7cjrVcIHD9L2n3LzcQo1WSYledtExBOM76QRXV0FrtWOsoLNA9xaJmBjsBFwPvC7fNarGfAg/132, createdBy=531e1939570, createdName=一个尘埃, createdTime=Sat Feb 04 07:26:17 CST 2017, time=2017-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=174075, encodeId=75421e407582, content=好处与争议并存, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo5nmIH5IQqCKjJgSCuicPWUWOUcdqt1ROPnEiaOYN4pSHibDv8la3OxNLalvuvUXn8clpJlrpuyTpckgt9OPkeSSdT/0, createdBy=8fd71930726, createdName=半夏微凉, createdTime=Sat Feb 04 06:59:15 CST 2017, time=2017-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=174043, encodeId=b6471e404334, content=谢谢了,学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=30331616752, createdName=txqjm, createdTime=Sat Feb 04 00:11:12 CST 2017, time=2017-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-02-04 一个尘埃

    科学是把双刃剑

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=174119, encodeId=22841e4119db, content=也是挺可怕的事情……, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=97, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=eeef1960262, createdName=杨柳青青, createdTime=Sat Feb 04 09:13:46 CST 2017, time=2017-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=174117, encodeId=b21d1e4117c0, content=科学一定要造福人类, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=89, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220115/46bcf39c32de4aa6b45c5f9d66c8ee77/6cb4a20c55bb4b7691122f47747bfca2.jpg, createdBy=9dad1662329, createdName=1ddf0692m34(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Feb 04 09:10:17 CST 2017, time=2017-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=174095, encodeId=2fd11e4095dd, content=当伦理阻碍了科技的进步,新的物种将会在打破伦理的那部分中产生, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM5rqTiaMSVSkFAupcTECOTdcVRmJQXbibJoicv5ibhcpa0vj5MGmac8wlPjuGnJISZGtOnC7rW0gbLuSE7iaEvAn0CC52ZhnRLdxtlQ/0, createdBy=1e291737907, createdName=1df01bccm39(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Feb 04 08:15:51 CST 2017, time=2017-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=174089, encodeId=d0041e4089b0, content=科学是把双刃剑, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/DYAIOgq83eotHc7cjrVcIHD9L2n3LzcQo1WSYledtExBOM76QRXV0FrtWOsoLNA9xaJmBjsBFwPvC7fNarGfAg/132, createdBy=531e1939570, createdName=一个尘埃, createdTime=Sat Feb 04 07:26:17 CST 2017, time=2017-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=174075, encodeId=75421e407582, content=好处与争议并存, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo5nmIH5IQqCKjJgSCuicPWUWOUcdqt1ROPnEiaOYN4pSHibDv8la3OxNLalvuvUXn8clpJlrpuyTpckgt9OPkeSSdT/0, createdBy=8fd71930726, createdName=半夏微凉, createdTime=Sat Feb 04 06:59:15 CST 2017, time=2017-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=174043, encodeId=b6471e404334, content=谢谢了,学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=30331616752, createdName=txqjm, createdTime=Sat Feb 04 00:11:12 CST 2017, time=2017-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-02-04 半夏微凉

    好处与争议并存

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=174119, encodeId=22841e4119db, content=也是挺可怕的事情……, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=97, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=eeef1960262, createdName=杨柳青青, createdTime=Sat Feb 04 09:13:46 CST 2017, time=2017-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=174117, encodeId=b21d1e4117c0, content=科学一定要造福人类, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=89, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220115/46bcf39c32de4aa6b45c5f9d66c8ee77/6cb4a20c55bb4b7691122f47747bfca2.jpg, createdBy=9dad1662329, createdName=1ddf0692m34(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Feb 04 09:10:17 CST 2017, time=2017-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=174095, encodeId=2fd11e4095dd, content=当伦理阻碍了科技的进步,新的物种将会在打破伦理的那部分中产生, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM5rqTiaMSVSkFAupcTECOTdcVRmJQXbibJoicv5ibhcpa0vj5MGmac8wlPjuGnJISZGtOnC7rW0gbLuSE7iaEvAn0CC52ZhnRLdxtlQ/0, createdBy=1e291737907, createdName=1df01bccm39(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Feb 04 08:15:51 CST 2017, time=2017-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=174089, encodeId=d0041e4089b0, content=科学是把双刃剑, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/DYAIOgq83eotHc7cjrVcIHD9L2n3LzcQo1WSYledtExBOM76QRXV0FrtWOsoLNA9xaJmBjsBFwPvC7fNarGfAg/132, createdBy=531e1939570, createdName=一个尘埃, createdTime=Sat Feb 04 07:26:17 CST 2017, time=2017-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=174075, encodeId=75421e407582, content=好处与争议并存, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo5nmIH5IQqCKjJgSCuicPWUWOUcdqt1ROPnEiaOYN4pSHibDv8la3OxNLalvuvUXn8clpJlrpuyTpckgt9OPkeSSdT/0, createdBy=8fd71930726, createdName=半夏微凉, createdTime=Sat Feb 04 06:59:15 CST 2017, time=2017-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=174043, encodeId=b6471e404334, content=谢谢了,学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=30331616752, createdName=txqjm, createdTime=Sat Feb 04 00:11:12 CST 2017, time=2017-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-02-04 txqjm

    谢谢了,学习

    0

相关资讯

一名生殖领域医学专家的犀利吐槽!| 干货满满

导语:作为一名生殖医学领域的医生,面对的大多是不孕不育的患者,他们辛苦就医、无所适从,诸多疑惑、百般纠结。作为医生,要做到诊断明确、道理清楚、话语暖心的同时,还让治疗结果丰满而不骨感,真的是不易。所以医生也经常难免情绪急躁、缺乏“三思”,“神语”脱口而出的时候。但抽丝剥茧,里面是一颗滚烫的心。☆一对35岁的夫妇,做两次试管没有成功,决定放弃。——除非你俩不过了,除非你俩铁了心要当丁克家庭,除非

Environ Res:还敢不敢吃罐头了?(附盘点)

近期发表在Environmental Research的研究称,与不吃罐头食品的儿童和成年人相比,摄入一定的罐头食品可能导致更高的尿中双酚A(BPA)浓度。斯坦福大学医学院的Jennifer C. Hartle博士和同事对7669儿童和成人的数据进行了分析。研究人员用线性回归模型来评估罐头食品和饮料的摄入与尿中BPA浓度之间的关系。在队列中,9%的人报告说,在过去的24小时内食用一种罐装食品;

美国首例子宫移植宣告失败,给宝宝修房子哪有那么容易?

导语:觉得试管婴儿一遍遍取卵,植入胚胎,保胎是极其痛苦的事情吗?跟子宫移植相比,根本不值一提。 全球大约每4500名女性中就有1名女性患有先天性子宫阴道缺陷综合症(医学上简称MRKH,即没有子宫)。对于绝对的子宫因素导致的不孕(AUFI),子宫移植似乎是唯一获得“完全亲生孩子”的办法,这将影响到 1/500的生育年龄女性[1]。 风风火火的美国首例子宫移植于2016年2月2

神秘的男科,在医疗界到底是一种怎样的存在?

神秘的男科,在医疗界到底是一种怎样的存在?男科到底治疗哪些疾病?神秘的男科,一直在角落男科学是一门古老而新兴的边缘学科,其研究内容涉及男性生殖系统结构和功能、男性生殖系统病理生理、男性不育与节育、男性性功能障碍、男性生殖系统疾病以及性传播疾病等。由于男科长期未能成为系统专科,男科疾病一直散落于泌尿外科、内分泌科、皮肤性病科、中医科之中。大型综合医院鲜有独立男科病房,高等院校未设立单独的男科课程,这

批准线粒体疗法:美专家认为应始于男性胚胎

一种实验室辅助生殖技术能够让一些家庭避免患有某些遗传疾病的儿童降生,专家指出如果相关应用能够审慎地发展,可以考虑在美国推行这种疗法。这是美国国家科学院、工程院和医学院(NAS)专家组一份总结报告中公布的结论,该专家组对围绕这些争议性技术存在的伦理问题进行了评估,这种技术叫作线粒体DNA置换疗法。然而,更加具有争议的是,该专家组建议在辅助生殖过程中仅改变男性胚胎,以此限制未来后代可能存在的风险。(男

Baidu
map
Baidu
map
Baidu
map