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Pain:肠梗阻腹痛的发病机制-机械刺激导致的肠平滑肌细胞中痛觉介导神经生长因子(NGF)上调

2017-03-30 MedSci MedSci原创

梗阻中的机械刺激上调了肠平滑肌细胞(SMC)中疼痛介质神经生长因子(NGF)的表达,NGF的上调又增加了原发性感觉神经对于肠梗阻导致的疼痛的感知

腹痛是肠梗阻(bowel obstruction, BO)的主要症状之一, 到目前为止,其发病的细胞机制尚未完全被了解。

本文作者提出了梗阻中的机械刺激上调了肠平滑肌细胞(SMC)中疼痛介质神经生长因子(NGF)的表达,NGF的上调又增加了原发性感觉神经对于肠梗阻导致的疼痛的感知的假说。随后,通过构建部分肠梗阻的SD大鼠模型(BO大鼠),结合膜片钳技术和基因表达分析,证明了这个假说的成立。

在实验中,在SD 大鼠的远端肠道植入一段硅带,诱发部分肠梗阻。通过测量撤销von Frey细丝对下腹部的刺激后的反应值的变化,来寻找背根神经节(T13至L2)中感知结肠的神经元。通过记录von Frey丝对大鼠下腹部的刺激后的所测的反应值来观察相应的内脏神经系统敏感性。实验结果表明, 在BO大鼠中,对应结肠的下背根神经节神经元的膜兴奋性显着增强,对von Frey细丝刺激的撤销后的反应性也显着增加。同时,结肠平滑肌细胞中NGF 的mRNA和蛋白的表达量以时间依赖性方式(第1天到7天)增加,而非是阻塞结肠的粘膜/粘膜下层中NGF 的mRNA和蛋白表达增加。体外机械刺激能即刻引起结肠平滑肌中大量的NGF mRNA和蛋白表达。

抗NGF抗体处理后, BO大鼠的结肠神经元过度兴奋性和超敏反应都减轻了。梗阻导致BO大鼠结肠细胞中河豚毒素抗性Na +通道电流增加,同时伴随Nav1.8而非Nav1.6和Nav1.7的mRNA表达显着增加; 这些变化都能被抗NGF处理所消除。

通过这一系列实验,作者得出结论,机械刺激导致的结肠平滑肌细胞中NGF上调,从而增加的感觉神经元中和河豚毒素抗性Na +通道的基因表达和活性,是BO大鼠内脏神经系统高敏性的基础。

原始出处:

Lin, You-Min; Fu, Yu; Winston, John; Radhakrishnan, Ravi; et al. Pathogenesis of abdominal pain in bowel obstruction: role of mechanical stress-induced upregulation of nerve growth factor in gut smooth muscle cells.Pain April 2017, Vol. 158(4): 583-592.

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