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细菌原本就不是外人:从肠道菌群到人体菌群

2016-09-19 孙学军博客 科学网

细菌感染性疾病曾经是导致人类死亡的主要疾病,也一直是医学关注的主要领域,但是人类发现了抗生素让感染性疾病逐渐变得没有那么恶劣,人类健康问题逐渐让位给代谢性相关的慢性疾病。

细菌感染性疾病曾经是导致人类死亡的主要疾病,也一直是医学关注的主要领域,但是人类发现了抗生素让感染性疾病逐渐变得没有那么恶劣,人类健康问题逐渐让位给代谢性相关的慢性疾病。随着抗生素被滥用,耐药细菌逐渐再次威胁人类健康。这个阶段,医学生物学更重要的哲学转换是逐渐认识到细菌对人体健康的重要贡献。甚至有临床开展补充正常菌群的非常恶心的治疗方法。正常菌群的概念现在已经深入人心。现在到了对这个概念进行更新的时候了,因为越来越多的证据表明,人体内本来认为没有细菌的区域,其实充满着细菌。人体和动物体就好像是一个细菌混合体,这些细菌也许是维持健康所必需。

其实我们应该更大胆地认识这个问题,早就有学者发现,孕妇的胎盘内存在相当数量的细菌,我们认为这些细菌是不正常的细菌,因为这里应该属于无菌区域。更早的研究证明,本来认为不可能存在细菌的胃内存在幽门螺旋杆菌,当然至今仍然认为是导致胃炎和胃溃疡的致病菌。最近的研究再次发现,血液中也大量存在细菌。

按照过去的逻辑,血液中出现细菌就属于菌血症,或者发生了血液感染。可是现在的发现并不是发生感染,而没有任何感染迹象。发现者对此解释是细菌处于休眠状态,只有在铁存在的条件下才会被激活。这些细菌激活后可以释放内毒素,并导致一些慢性炎症相关疾病。这似乎是符合逻辑的解释。但是按照科学哲学的观点,一个范式逐渐出现一些意外或不能预测的证据,科学家为维护过去的理论,习惯于对这些理论附加一些条件,以让理论与证据更好地匹配,当这些意外结果积累到一定程度,会被更为先进的研究范式取代,就产生了科学革命。

如果这样,我们应该对这些现象提出新的理论。这些部位发现细菌可能是因为这里存在细菌是一种必然,过去没有发现是因为技术不够成熟。将来我们会在更多不可能有细菌的区域证明存在细菌。甚至这些细菌都处于某种生长或代谢状态。这些细菌一方面可能会导致疾病的发生,但也同时具有生理调节功能,甚至是维持健康不可缺少的因素。

幽门杆菌也能发挥正面作用,血液中的细菌也可以发挥生理作用,内毒素本身就是Toll样受体的天然配体,为什么不可以看做是激素?当然这些说法听上去有一些怪异,但是如果我们接受了这个概念,那么我们就不会为在血液中发现大量细菌而惊奇。我们也可以为脓毒症的研究提供一种新的视角。

延伸阅读:

很多我们认为与细菌无关的疾病是否却是由细菌引起的呢?研究人员发现,健康人血液内的细菌也许会在中风和心脏病中起了推波助澜的作用,也许还会导致阿尔茨海默病、糖尿病以及关节炎。

所有这些疾病都与炎症有关,炎症是对抗感染的免疫系统反应,但是它却可能失去控制并造成伤害。这些疾病还都与过度的血液凝结、血液铁含量过高、蛋白质异常折叠相关。

没有人知道为什么这些特性与如此多的疾病有关,但是如果找到原因,就可以帮助我们阻止疾病。为了验证细菌是否在其中起到作用,曼彻斯特大学的DouglasKell和南非Pretoria大学的ResiaPretorius一直关注细菌扰乱凝血的能力。

过去人们总认为血液中没有细菌,因为在血液培养皿中细菌无法生长。但是最近的DNA测序方法揭示出,每毫升血液中含有大约1000个细菌细胞。这些细菌通常处于休眠状态。但是当血液中的铁可被细菌使用时它们会被唤醒,并开始分泌脂多糖(LPS),这种分子会覆盖在细胞壁上,免疫系统会识别它并产生炎症。

Kell和Pretorius怀疑LPS是否还会直接引起血液凝结。蛰伏在血液中的大部分细菌都来自肠道。它们将肠道细菌中常见的大肠杆菌LPS与纤维蛋白原混合,这种小蛋白质会形成凝块的纤维蛋白原支架。LPS改变了纤维蛋白原,会促使纤维蛋白原形成异常的凝块,这种凝块与引起心脏病、中风和深静脉血栓形成的凝块类似。

Pretorius说:“在所有的炎症疾病中,我们都观察到了一种暗色的、密集的纤维结构,它们并非健康人体内的‘意大利面结构’。”在上亿个纤维蛋白原分子中混入一个LPS分子就足够引起异常凝块的形成。

这意味着LPS是一种催化剂。研究人员认为LPS使纤维蛋白原变形,这种变形会在蛋白质中扩散。这与引起疯牛病的朊病毒蛋白变形的方式很相似。

由于LPS会引起炎症,所以会增加血液中纤维蛋白原的含量,进一步增加与血液凝块相关的疾病的风险。由于这种奇怪的结构,这些凝块无法被血液中的酶分解。这些结果共同作用,会增加异常凝块的风险,从而导致心脏病和中风的发生。

过于活跃的血液凝结也是类风湿性关节炎和阿尔茨海默症的特征。这些疾病与铁含量过高有关。身体通常会使血液中的铁含量维持在较低的水平,以使细菌休眠,抑制它们生长。

Kell说:“我认为细菌与这些疾病有关。”他们观察到LPS会使纤维蛋白形成垫(mat),而且LPS会与许多其他的蛋白质绑定,所以这意味着在其他的炎症疾病中它与淀粉样蛋白垫的形成相关,比如阿尔茨海默病和帕金森症患者大脑中出现的情况。今年早些时候,其他的研究人员发现,向小鼠的大脑中注入细菌会在一夜之间形成淀粉样斑块。

这到底对这些疾病意味着什么呢?未来的研究会为应对这些疾病找到新方法,比如移除血液中潜伏的细菌,抑制它们产生的炎症蛋白质。

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    2016-11-09 清幽蓝燕yan

    最近好火

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    2016-09-23 187清风

    共存的状态

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=154646, encodeId=5b4e15464637, content=最近好火, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=100, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJHmctib8wsjB1Y0etxU20nsCbR8rZ2fpibp2STmwH2YzicIsTe9oHRGB6XIMeBqNdIvxODicmzfeQibIw/132, createdBy=82211964557, createdName=清幽蓝燕yan, createdTime=Wed Nov 09 22:28:41 CST 2016, time=2016-11-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=133459, encodeId=33ff133459c0, content=共存的状态, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb571956164, createdName=187清风, createdTime=Fri Sep 23 13:21:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=133456, encodeId=d4891334564e, content=厉害,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=97, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb571956164, createdName=187清风, createdTime=Fri Sep 23 13:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=133458, encodeId=635513345899, content=继续学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb571956164, createdName=187清风, createdTime=Fri Sep 23 13:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=133457, encodeId=534213345efd, content=厉害,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb571956164, createdName=187清风, createdTime=Fri Sep 23 13:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1392206, encodeId=2bcb139220680, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=223081e33b6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肠道菌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=81733, encryptionId=223081e33b6, topicName=肠道菌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=aa292500107, createdName=1249897bm37(暂无昵称), createdTime=Wed Sep 21 08:44:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=131359, encodeId=d3991313596a, content=这与引起疯牛病的朊病毒蛋白变形的方式很相似!!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Sep 20 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=131354, encodeId=9d8c131354f3, content=血液中出现细菌就属于菌血症,或者发生了血液感染!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Sep 20 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=131357, encodeId=b16d13135e57, content=总结的很好!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Sep 20 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=131361, encodeId=3bf1131361e1, content=身体通常会使血液中的铁含量维持在较低的水平,以使细菌休眠,抑制它们生长!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Sep 20 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-09-23 187清风

    厉害,学习了

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=154646, encodeId=5b4e15464637, content=最近好火, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=100, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJHmctib8wsjB1Y0etxU20nsCbR8rZ2fpibp2STmwH2YzicIsTe9oHRGB6XIMeBqNdIvxODicmzfeQibIw/132, createdBy=82211964557, createdName=清幽蓝燕yan, createdTime=Wed Nov 09 22:28:41 CST 2016, time=2016-11-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=133459, encodeId=33ff133459c0, content=共存的状态, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb571956164, createdName=187清风, createdTime=Fri Sep 23 13:21:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=133456, encodeId=d4891334564e, content=厉害,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=97, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb571956164, createdName=187清风, createdTime=Fri Sep 23 13:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=133458, encodeId=635513345899, content=继续学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb571956164, createdName=187清风, createdTime=Fri Sep 23 13:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=133457, encodeId=534213345efd, content=厉害,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb571956164, createdName=187清风, createdTime=Fri Sep 23 13:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1392206, encodeId=2bcb139220680, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=223081e33b6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肠道菌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=81733, encryptionId=223081e33b6, topicName=肠道菌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=aa292500107, createdName=1249897bm37(暂无昵称), createdTime=Wed Sep 21 08:44:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=131359, encodeId=d3991313596a, content=这与引起疯牛病的朊病毒蛋白变形的方式很相似!!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Sep 20 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=131354, encodeId=9d8c131354f3, content=血液中出现细菌就属于菌血症,或者发生了血液感染!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Sep 20 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=131357, encodeId=b16d13135e57, content=总结的很好!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Sep 20 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=131361, encodeId=3bf1131361e1, content=身体通常会使血液中的铁含量维持在较低的水平,以使细菌休眠,抑制它们生长!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Sep 20 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-09-23 187清风

    继续学习,谢谢分享

    0

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    2016-09-23 187清风

    厉害,学习了

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=154646, encodeId=5b4e15464637, content=最近好火, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=100, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJHmctib8wsjB1Y0etxU20nsCbR8rZ2fpibp2STmwH2YzicIsTe9oHRGB6XIMeBqNdIvxODicmzfeQibIw/132, createdBy=82211964557, createdName=清幽蓝燕yan, createdTime=Wed Nov 09 22:28:41 CST 2016, time=2016-11-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=133459, encodeId=33ff133459c0, content=共存的状态, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb571956164, createdName=187清风, createdTime=Fri Sep 23 13:21:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=133456, encodeId=d4891334564e, content=厉害,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=97, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb571956164, createdName=187清风, createdTime=Fri Sep 23 13:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=133458, encodeId=635513345899, content=继续学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb571956164, createdName=187清风, createdTime=Fri Sep 23 13:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=133457, encodeId=534213345efd, content=厉害,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb571956164, createdName=187清风, createdTime=Fri Sep 23 13:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1392206, encodeId=2bcb139220680, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=223081e33b6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肠道菌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=81733, encryptionId=223081e33b6, topicName=肠道菌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=aa292500107, createdName=1249897bm37(暂无昵称), createdTime=Wed Sep 21 08:44:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=131359, encodeId=d3991313596a, content=这与引起疯牛病的朊病毒蛋白变形的方式很相似!!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Sep 20 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=131354, encodeId=9d8c131354f3, content=血液中出现细菌就属于菌血症,或者发生了血液感染!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Sep 20 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=131357, encodeId=b16d13135e57, content=总结的很好!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Sep 20 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=131361, encodeId=3bf1131361e1, content=身体通常会使血液中的铁含量维持在较低的水平,以使细菌休眠,抑制它们生长!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Sep 20 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=154646, encodeId=5b4e15464637, content=最近好火, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=100, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJHmctib8wsjB1Y0etxU20nsCbR8rZ2fpibp2STmwH2YzicIsTe9oHRGB6XIMeBqNdIvxODicmzfeQibIw/132, createdBy=82211964557, createdName=清幽蓝燕yan, createdTime=Wed Nov 09 22:28:41 CST 2016, time=2016-11-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=133459, encodeId=33ff133459c0, content=共存的状态, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb571956164, createdName=187清风, createdTime=Fri Sep 23 13:21:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=133456, encodeId=d4891334564e, content=厉害,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=97, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb571956164, createdName=187清风, createdTime=Fri Sep 23 13:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=133458, encodeId=635513345899, content=继续学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb571956164, createdName=187清风, createdTime=Fri Sep 23 13:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=133457, encodeId=534213345efd, content=厉害,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb571956164, createdName=187清风, createdTime=Fri Sep 23 13:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1392206, encodeId=2bcb139220680, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=223081e33b6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肠道菌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=81733, encryptionId=223081e33b6, topicName=肠道菌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=aa292500107, createdName=1249897bm37(暂无昵称), createdTime=Wed Sep 21 08:44:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=131359, encodeId=d3991313596a, content=这与引起疯牛病的朊病毒蛋白变形的方式很相似!!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Sep 20 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=131354, encodeId=9d8c131354f3, content=血液中出现细菌就属于菌血症,或者发生了血液感染!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Sep 20 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=131357, encodeId=b16d13135e57, content=总结的很好!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Sep 20 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=131361, encodeId=3bf1131361e1, content=身体通常会使血液中的铁含量维持在较低的水平,以使细菌休眠,抑制它们生长!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Sep 20 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-09-20 1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称)

    这与引起疯牛病的朊病毒蛋白变形的方式很相似!!!

    0

  8. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=154646, encodeId=5b4e15464637, content=最近好火, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=100, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJHmctib8wsjB1Y0etxU20nsCbR8rZ2fpibp2STmwH2YzicIsTe9oHRGB6XIMeBqNdIvxODicmzfeQibIw/132, createdBy=82211964557, createdName=清幽蓝燕yan, createdTime=Wed Nov 09 22:28:41 CST 2016, time=2016-11-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=133459, encodeId=33ff133459c0, content=共存的状态, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb571956164, createdName=187清风, createdTime=Fri Sep 23 13:21:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=133456, encodeId=d4891334564e, content=厉害,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=97, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb571956164, createdName=187清风, createdTime=Fri Sep 23 13:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=133458, encodeId=635513345899, content=继续学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb571956164, createdName=187清风, createdTime=Fri Sep 23 13:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=133457, encodeId=534213345efd, content=厉害,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb571956164, createdName=187清风, createdTime=Fri Sep 23 13:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1392206, encodeId=2bcb139220680, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=223081e33b6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肠道菌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=81733, encryptionId=223081e33b6, topicName=肠道菌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=aa292500107, createdName=1249897bm37(暂无昵称), createdTime=Wed Sep 21 08:44:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=131359, encodeId=d3991313596a, content=这与引起疯牛病的朊病毒蛋白变形的方式很相似!!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Sep 20 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=131354, encodeId=9d8c131354f3, content=血液中出现细菌就属于菌血症,或者发生了血液感染!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Sep 20 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=131357, encodeId=b16d13135e57, content=总结的很好!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Sep 20 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=131361, encodeId=3bf1131361e1, content=身体通常会使血液中的铁含量维持在较低的水平,以使细菌休眠,抑制它们生长!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Sep 20 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-09-20 1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称)

    血液中出现细菌就属于菌血症,或者发生了血液感染!!

    0

  9. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=154646, encodeId=5b4e15464637, content=最近好火, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=100, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJHmctib8wsjB1Y0etxU20nsCbR8rZ2fpibp2STmwH2YzicIsTe9oHRGB6XIMeBqNdIvxODicmzfeQibIw/132, createdBy=82211964557, createdName=清幽蓝燕yan, createdTime=Wed Nov 09 22:28:41 CST 2016, time=2016-11-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=133459, encodeId=33ff133459c0, content=共存的状态, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb571956164, createdName=187清风, createdTime=Fri Sep 23 13:21:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=133456, encodeId=d4891334564e, content=厉害,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=97, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb571956164, createdName=187清风, createdTime=Fri Sep 23 13:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=133458, encodeId=635513345899, content=继续学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb571956164, createdName=187清风, createdTime=Fri Sep 23 13:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=133457, encodeId=534213345efd, content=厉害,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb571956164, createdName=187清风, createdTime=Fri Sep 23 13:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1392206, encodeId=2bcb139220680, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=223081e33b6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肠道菌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=81733, encryptionId=223081e33b6, topicName=肠道菌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=aa292500107, createdName=1249897bm37(暂无昵称), createdTime=Wed Sep 21 08:44:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=131359, encodeId=d3991313596a, content=这与引起疯牛病的朊病毒蛋白变形的方式很相似!!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Sep 20 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=131354, encodeId=9d8c131354f3, content=血液中出现细菌就属于菌血症,或者发生了血液感染!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Sep 20 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=131357, encodeId=b16d13135e57, content=总结的很好!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Sep 20 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=131361, encodeId=3bf1131361e1, content=身体通常会使血液中的铁含量维持在较低的水平,以使细菌休眠,抑制它们生长!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Sep 20 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-09-20 1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称)

    总结的很好!!

    0

  10. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=154646, encodeId=5b4e15464637, content=最近好火, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=100, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJHmctib8wsjB1Y0etxU20nsCbR8rZ2fpibp2STmwH2YzicIsTe9oHRGB6XIMeBqNdIvxODicmzfeQibIw/132, createdBy=82211964557, createdName=清幽蓝燕yan, createdTime=Wed Nov 09 22:28:41 CST 2016, time=2016-11-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=133459, encodeId=33ff133459c0, content=共存的状态, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb571956164, createdName=187清风, createdTime=Fri Sep 23 13:21:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=133456, encodeId=d4891334564e, content=厉害,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=97, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb571956164, createdName=187清风, createdTime=Fri Sep 23 13:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=133458, encodeId=635513345899, content=继续学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb571956164, createdName=187清风, createdTime=Fri Sep 23 13:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=133457, encodeId=534213345efd, content=厉害,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb571956164, createdName=187清风, createdTime=Fri Sep 23 13:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1392206, encodeId=2bcb139220680, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=223081e33b6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肠道菌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=81733, encryptionId=223081e33b6, topicName=肠道菌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=aa292500107, createdName=1249897bm37(暂无昵称), createdTime=Wed Sep 21 08:44:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=131359, encodeId=d3991313596a, content=这与引起疯牛病的朊病毒蛋白变形的方式很相似!!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Sep 20 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=131354, encodeId=9d8c131354f3, content=血液中出现细菌就属于菌血症,或者发生了血液感染!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Sep 20 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=131357, encodeId=b16d13135e57, content=总结的很好!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Sep 20 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=131361, encodeId=3bf1131361e1, content=身体通常会使血液中的铁含量维持在较低的水平,以使细菌休眠,抑制它们生长!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Sep 20 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-09-20 1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称)

    身体通常会使血液中的铁含量维持在较低的水平,以使细菌休眠,抑制它们生长!!

    0

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