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JAMA Netw Open:儿童和青少年急性疾病期间的皮质醇水平

2022-07-12 从医路漫漫 MedSci原创

由此导致的内源性皮质醇分泌的迅速增加有助于控制心血管功能、血管容量和葡萄糖代谢。

背景:身体的任何急性疾病,包括急性发热性疾病,都是对健康和生存的潜在威胁。它会触发生理应激反应,以维持体内平衡。伴随着免疫和自主神经系统之间的复杂相互作用,下丘脑-垂体肾上腺轴在这种急性应激反应中起着至关重要的作用。由此导致的内源性皮质醇分泌的迅速增加有助于控制心血管功能、血管容量和葡萄糖代谢。这种内在的战斗或逃跑反应在糖皮质激素(GC)缺乏的状态下会受到损害,严重的后果是急性肾上腺危象。

为了预防肾上腺危机,合理的假设是,GC替代物应该模仿正常压力引发的皮质醇分泌的生理性增加。“应激剂量”或“病日剂量”的标准临床方案包括将基础GC替代剂量增加一倍或三倍,但不是基于证据或来自真实世界儿童和青少年的内源性皮质醇反应。因此,需要进一步的研究来告知适当的GC应激剂量。这项系统性综述的目的是从已发表的证据中确定在一系列没有GC缺乏的儿童和青少年急性疾病期间的内源性皮质醇水平。

目的:从已发表的证据中确定无糖皮质激素缺乏的儿童和青少年在一系列急性疾病期间的内源性皮质醇水平。证据综述CINAHL、Cochrane图书馆、Cochrane系统综述数据库、Embase和MEDLINE检索2000年1月1日至2020年6月30日发表的研究。两位评价者独立确定了相关研究。分歧通过共同讨论得到解决。纳入标准是常见的急性疾病,年龄从1个月到18岁,以及在发病48小时内获得的基础血液皮质醇水平。少于5名参与者的研究和那些包括已知有GC缺陷或治疗史可能影响皮质醇水平的参与者被排除在综述之外。提取预定义字段的数据,并由不同的审查者对其进行独立检查。计算皮质醇水平的总体加权平均数和合并的标准差。

结果:所有15项研究都是以医院为基础的,包括864名独特的参与者:14项研究是前瞻性观察性研究,1项是试验的一部分,5项包括对照个体。所有患有急性疾病的患者(n=689)的平均皮质醇水平均高于对照组(n=175)(加权平均值差异为18.95μg/dL;95%可信区间为16.68-21.22μg/dL)。细菌性脑膜炎患者皮质醇水平最高(加权平均为46.42[合并SD][22.24]μg/dL),重度胃肠炎患者皮质醇水平为对照组的3倍以上(加权平均[合并SD]为39.64[合并SD][21.34]μg/dL)。在有脓毒症的亚组中,有休克者的皮质醇水平低于无休克者(加权平均[合并SD],27.83[合并SD]比37.00[23.30]μg/dL),但死亡患者的皮质醇水平与存活者无差异(加权平均[合并SD],24.89[合并SD]比30.53[30.60]μg/dL)。

表 对照组和不同急性疾病组的血皮质醇水平

图 15项研究中皮质醇水平的加权平均数和合并标准差分析

结论:这项系统回顾发现,在没有GC缺乏的儿童和青少年中,急性疾病期间循环皮质醇水平高于对照组,而且在一系列急性疾病中也存在差异。这些水平是否需要通过根据GC缺乏儿童和青少年的疾病性质和严重程度量身定制的外源性GC应激剂量来实现,值得研究。

原文出处:Rezai M,  Fullwood C,  Hird B,et al.Cortisol Levels During Acute Illnesses in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review.JAMA Netw Open 2022 Jun 01;5(6)

 

 

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    2022-10-13 feather89
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    2022-11-04 canlab
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    2022-07-11 肿瘤克星

    JAMA上文章都是顶级的,谢谢梅斯及时上新

    0

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